A da yawa Metro ya rufe. Moscow Metro aiki. Operating yanayin Metro St. Petersburg

"Wani lokaci ne jirgin karkashin kasa kusa?" - yiwuwa sha'awar wannan tambaya kusan kowace zamani mutum. Me ya sa?

To, da farko, saboda gaskiyar cewa jirgin karkashin kasa tsarin, yawanci located in Metropolitan yankunan, ta hanyar da tafi, ta amfani da sauran iri jama'a kai, tsawo da kuma m. Abu na biyu, irin wannan kai a duniya da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi m, t. Don. A tariffs ne ke iko da jihar, kuma da barazana da hatsarori ko wuraren da cunkoso, ka ga, an rage zuwa m. Sai dai itace cewa da aikin tashar jirgin karkashin kasa yanayin a mafi yawan lokuta aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi a lõkacin da shirin da jadawalin a kusa da birnin.

Subway tsarin kokarin la'akari da misalin Rasha ta arewacin babban birnin kasar. Don amsa wasu daga cikin mafi latsa tambayoyi: "Wani lokaci jirgin karkashin kasa kusa da birnin Yadda yake aiki Yadda an halitta Menene halayen wannan muhimmanci hanya jijiya na St. Petersburg ????"

Sashen 1. General bayanin rare kai tsarin

arewacin babban birnin kasar Metro a mutunta mutane da yawa da daya daga cikin mafi girma a Metro tsarin a duniya. Daily jirgin karkashin kasa da sabis da ake amfani da kan mutane miliyan biyu.

Tuni a cikin farkon karni na 21 a cikin St. Petersburg jirgin karkashin kasa hada 4 karkashin kasa da hanya tsawon fiye da 90 km, 58 tashoshin, 65 lobbies kuma akwai game da 1 380 motoci.

Bugu da kari, ya kamata a lura da cewa Moscow Metro aiki ne cikakken hada kai tare da Petersburg: bude da kuma rufe da kewaye, kazalika da tsarin na aiki a karshen mako, kuma holidays ne kusan m. Saboda haka matsalolin da yin amfani da shi ba zai yi wani mazauna biyu dajiya, kuma da yawa matafiya.

Don kwanan wata, tabbatarwa da mirgina stock na St. Petersburg ne 5-sarrafawa depots da kuma Gyara Base. Tabbatar da santsi aiki na dubu 12 ma'aikata. A karkashin kasa shigar fiye da 200 zamani escalators. Operating yanayin Metro St. Petersburg daidai dace: awa daga cikin tashoshin bar 28 nau'i-nau'i daga jiragen kasa.

A St. Petersburg Metro ne mafi sanye take da sarrafa kansa, ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma a cikin tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. High-tech hadedde jirgin kasa kula da tsarin tabbatar da aminci kai. Shi ne a cikin karkashin kasa na arewacin babban birnin kasar da aka fara gabatar da wani lantarki biya tsarin cewa ba ka damar ci gaba da rikodin na zirga-zirgar fasinja. A halin yanzu, aikin da ake yi na rayayye ta sa contactless mai kaifin cards.

Kowane tashar ne akayi daban-daban ado, a cikin haimõmi kafa mafi kyau ayyukan shahara sculptors na zamanin da gine. Mutane da yawa tashoshin ne shafukan da gine-gine da kuma al'adu muhimmanci. Bayani game da yadda da yawa da shi rufe jirgin karkashin kasa, rubuta a kan musamman nuni a ƙofar zaure.

Sashe Na 2. Tarihi

Niyyar kafa a St. Petersburg karkashin kasa Railway aka haife shi a kwanaki na Rasha Empire a cikin karni na 19th.

Amma a farkon wannan ra'ayin da aka ba da goyan bayan da Sarkin sarakuna Alexander I. A tsawon lokaci, birnin da aka hanzari tasowa, da kuma girma, da kuma bukatar kyautata na kai tsarin. A harbinger na farko Metro aikin ya fara intercity hanya Torgovanova injiniya wanda ya nuna dangane da Baltic da Finnish tashoshin.

All kayayyaki hada kawai sama-ƙasa wurare a overpasses. A farkon karni na 20th Gatchina samu nasarar gwada dakatar monorail tashar. Daga baya Shirin karkara na da zobe da aka halitta.

Ra'ayoyi da birnin Railway a lokuta daban-daban m injiniyoyi Pechkovskii, Reshevsky, Balinskii, Girshson, Kulzhinsky, Gorchakov, ENAC da Graftio.

Amma irin ayyukan bukatar babbar kudi da zuba jari, wanda shi ne wata matsala. Shi ne kawai a cikin 30s akwai canjawa daga muhimmanci a cikin ci gaban da karkashin kasa da kuma kai links.

Sashe Na 3. The National Karkashin kasa

St. Petersburg ta jirgin karkashin kasa a lokacin da maɓallin lokaci a 2014, kuma zai zama samuwa a dare. "Nawa ake rufe Metro tashar a cikin garin?" - yawon bude ido tambaye. "Oh, kana da lokacin da za a ji dadin mu fari dare!" - hadu da yan unguwa.

Yanayin dare aiki daga marigayi Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar watan Nuwamba. Fasinjoji iya amfani da Metro sabis daga 1:00 zuwa 3:00 hours. The motsi na jiragen kasa ne da za'ayi daga tashar "Sport" to "Admiralty" tashar da kuma mayar da daga ranar Jumma'a zuwa ranar Asabar da kuma daga Asabar zuwa Lahadi.

A lokacin holidays (Kirsimeti, Easter, Nasara Day, rãnar da birni) Metro zai yi aiki nan kowane lokaci. Irin wannan tsarin lokacin a cikin St. Petersburg Metro da aka bayar da kuma a lokacin bikin na daren Gidajen tarihi da kuma "Scarlet filafili".

Ka tuna cewa a kan talakawa kwana da St. Petersburg Metro, kamar Moscow, ta fara faduwa aiki a 5:40 am kuma ƙare kusa 1:00 ƙarfe da safe. Jadawali dogara a kan bukatar shugabanci da kuma tashoshin, sabili da haka dabam lokaci zuwa lokaci.

Sashi Na 4. Modern Metropolitan Museum

A kan Metro tashar "Primorskaya" titi Odoevskogo 29 ne Lardi Museum, inda za ka iya ganin farfado for free. Ga za ka iya koya da yawa na amfani bayanai. Alal misali, game da yadda da yawa da shi rufe jirgin karkashin kasa a yanzu, yadda za ta yi aiki kafin, kwatanta, sami hanyoyi da bunkasa sufuri tsarin birnin.

Kamar yadda na farko aikace-aikace shirya kungiyar ziyara ga ƴan makaranta dalibai, tsofaffi da sauransu. D. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu da mutum ziyarar.

Ko da yake ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan yawon shakatawa bukatar a tsara wani musamman yarda da katin shaida. The yawon shakatawa ga kungiyoyin na mutum baƙi dubawa na Tunnels za a iya hada idan so, haimõmi da kuma tashar, wani zanga-zanga na St. Petersburg Metro fina-finan. Bayan haka, za ka iya hannu duba cikin direba ta taksi. Amma wannan shi ne wani biya sabis. Museum aiki daga Litinin zuwa Jumma'a.

Sashen 5. Al'amarin a cikin jirgin karkashin kasa

A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1974, a yankin "Forest" - "Area na Jaruntakan" da aka samu floaters. A sakamakon haka, akwai ambaliya na rami. Abin farin, duk ma'aikatan aka ceto. Saboda wannan gaggawa halin da ake ciki a farfajiya da aka kafa da kasawa, da kuma a kan garun akwai ko da fasa. Godiya ga shigarwa na partitions kusa da "Forest" tashar ambaliya tsaya.

Bayan shekaru 21 a wannan wuri na ƙananan rami floaters aka karya bangon, mataki rufe da jirgin kasa ya fara har a sauran rassan. sabon Tunnels aka gina, shi ne wani gini na kankare zobba da musamman like. A farko jirgin kasa da aka kaddamar kawai bayan shekaru 8, a cikin watan Yuni 2004.

A cikin watan Yuni 1999, a tashar "Sennaya" buga wani kankare alfarwa ƙasa haraba. An kashe mutane bakwai. Bayan wannan lamarin, visors zuwa wasu tashoshin da aka dismantled ko ƙarfafa. Kashe wutar lantarki a St. Petersburg substation bazara na 2010 ya kai ga kwatsam tasha na jirgin karkashin kasa birgima stock. Duk fasinjoji da za a kwashe ta hanyar Tunnels.

Sashen 6. Interesting facts

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa a lokacin yanayin da aiki na Moscow Metro ne kusan gaba daya yayi kama da St. Petersburg, da kuma bambanci a cikin kai tsarin na biyu birane an kusan ba ya lura. Shi ne ba fiye da rũɗi.

Kamata tunani game da wadannan bayanai. City of St. Petersburg Metro ne mafi arewacin Metro Rasha da kuma mafi zurfi a duniya. Its arewacin tashar ne "Parnassus" da yamma - "Maritime". A zurfin kan talakawan up to 57 mita. A tashar "Admiralty" yana da zurfin 102 mita da kuma nasa ne mafi zurfi tashoshin a Rasha.