Algeria: description, tarihi, harshe, yawan

Mutane da yawa san game da Aljeriya kawai abin da wannan jiha a Afirka. Lalle ne, wannan kasa da aka ziyarci ba haka mutane da yawa yawon bude ido, amma ba za ka iya magana game da shi sosai, kuma a kore wasu hasashe. Wani lokaci ko da sha'awar da kasar nasa ne Algeria. Amma shi ne wani zaman kanta a jihar tare da kansa tarihi da kuma al'adu. Mene ne ban sha'awa to Algeria? Wanne kasa a nahiyar Afrika da aka mai suna da jama'ar Jumhuriyar na Algeria?

harkar shugabanci

Larabci Algeria sauti kamar "Al-Jazeera", wanda yake nufin "Tsibirin". Wannan sunan shi ne saboda da jari na jihar samu tsibiran kusa da bakinta. A babban birnin kasar Aljeriya - birnin da wannan sunan. Wannan Jihar Afirka ne a unitary jamhuriyar karkashin jagorancin shugaban kasar. Ya kuma an zabe ga wani ajali na 5 shekaru, yawan sharuddan ne Unlimited. Dokoki ikon da aka bada a cikin wani bicameral majalisar. Algeria ne zuwa kashi 48 wilaya - larduna, 553 gundumomi (zawo) ne 1541 ƙungiya (Balad). Nuwamba 1 Aljeriya alama kasa hutu - da juyin juya halin Day.

Labarin kasa da kuma Nature

Algeria bautar wani babban yanki. Wannan ne karo na biyu, bayan Sudan, da most kasar a Afirka. Area shi - 2.3 miliyan km2. Coexists da Nijar, Aljeriya, Mali, Mauritania da Morocco, Tunisia da kuma Libya. A arewa ta'allaka Bahar Rum. Game da 80% na dukan jihar daukan Sahara. A ta yanki akwai biyu fako, da na dutse.

A cikin kudu-gabashin kasar ne tsororuwar shi -. Tahat dutsen, tsawo 2906 m, a sararin yankin Sahara, akwai wani babban gishiri lake, ya kira shi Chott Melrhir da aka located a arewacin kasar Algeria hamada. Rivers, ma, suna a jihar Algeria, amma kusan duk lokacin, zama ne kawai a damana.

The most kogin (tsawon 700 km) - River Sheliff. River arewacin kasar ya fada cikin Bahar Rum, da kuma sauran ɓace a cikin yashi a Sahara.

Ciyayi na arewacin kasar Aljeriya, yawanci Rum, mamaye toshe kwalaba oak, a wasan kusa da Hamada - alpha ciyawa. A m yankunan su ne sosai kananan yankunan da ciyayi.

Yawan jama'a da kuma harshen

Zauna Aljeriya fiye da 38 da mutane miliyan. Babban part, 83% na yawan jama'ar, suna Larabawa. 16% - da Berbers, zuriyar tsoho yawan Aljeriya, wanda ya kunshi dama kabilu. Wani 1% ne na sauran kasashe, yafi Faransa. A jihar addini a Algeria - Islam, da babban yawan na yawanci Sunni.

The hukuma harshe na kasa daya - Larabci, amma Faransa ba kasa rare. Game da 75% na yawan magana da yardar kaina a gare su. Akwai ma Berber yaruka. Duk da gagarumin yanki na kasar, da babban yawan Algeria, fiye da 95% da aka mayar da hankali a arewa, a kan kunkuntar jihar bakin teku tsiri da kuma wani sashi na Kabylia. A cikin birane, gida zuwa fiye da rabin yawan jama'ar - 56%. Male rubuce-rubuce ta kai 79%, yayin da a tsakanin mata - kawai 60%. Algeria Larabawa rayuwa a cikin manyan al'ummomi a Faransa, Belgium da kuma Amurka.

labarin

A kan ƙasa na zamani Algeria a cikin 12th karni BC. e. bayyana Phoenician kabilu. A karni 3rd kafa jihar Numidia. A mulkin kasar da hannu a yaki da Roma, amma aka ci. Da karkararta ya zama wani ɓangare na Roman masun mulki. A 7th karni Larabawa mamaye a nan, ya zauna lokaci mai tsawo. A farkon 16th karni, Aljeriya shige karkashin ikon Ottoman Empire. Amma shi ya wuya a sarrafa saboda Gwargwadon wuri. A sakamakon haka, kasar Faransa ta kama a kasar, kuma tun 1834 a kasar ya zama wani Faransa mallaka Algeria. A jihar fara kama wani Turai. Faransa sahu dukan birnin, mai da hankali da aka biya don aikin noma. Amma da 'yan asalin yawan ya kasance iya zo sharuddan da mulkin mallaka. National War tsawon shekaru da dama. Kuma a cikin 1962, Algeria ta sami 'yanci. Mai Faransa sa'an nan bar Afirka. Game da shekaru 20, gwamnati ta yi kokarin gina gurguzanci, amma a wani juyin mulki a ikon suka Musulmai masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi. A makamai rikici ne har yanzu gudana. A halin da ake ciki a kasar ne musamman m.

tattalin arzikin

• Kudin jihar - Algeria Dinar.
• Tattalin arzikin dogara ne a kan wani man fetur da kuma iskar gas samar - game da 95% na jimlar fitarwa. A Algeria ma mined tagulla, da baƙin ƙarfe, tutiya, Mercury, kuma phosphates.

• Agriculture bautar da karami girma a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki, amma shi ne quite bambancin. Girma hatsi, inabi, Citrus. Don fitarwa amfanin ruwan inabi. Aljeriya shi ne mafi girma m na pistachios. A semideserts tattara, da kuma sarrafa Alfa daga wanda baya samun high quality takarda.
• A dabba husbandry, mutane kware a cikin kiwo shanu , da na tumaki, da na awaki.
• A jihar bakin teku yankin tsunduma a kama kifi.

al'ada

A babban birnin kasar Aljeriya - mafi tsoho da kuma kyakkyawan birni, dake a cikin bay na wannan sunan. Duk da gine-gine suna sanya haske yi abu, wanda ba na musamman festive look, zuwa ga birnin. Nan za ka iya ganin yadda bakon kunkuntar tituna tare da low gidaje da kuma mafi kyau masallatai a gabashin style. Daga cikin su akwai shiri na 17th karni - kabarin Sidd Abdarrahman da Masallaci Jami-al-Jadid. A zamani ɓangare na birnin aka mamaye sabon gine-gine - ofisoshin, tsayi ofishin gine-gine.

kai

• Ga ci gaban harkokin sufuri Algeria ne daya daga cikin manyan kasashen Afirka.
• Mutane da yawa hanyoyi, kamar 105 000 km. Su suke da muhimmanci ga sadarwa a tsakanin garuruwa.
• A Railways na kasar ya kai 5 dubu. Km.
• Tare da ruwa kai auku 70% na dukkan duniya zirga-zirga. Yana bada dama don kiran Algeria babban ruwa ikon a Afirka.
• Ci gaba da kuma iska zirga-zirga. A kasar ne duniya Algeria yana da 136 da filayen jiragen sama, 51 na wanda - tare da kankare surface. The most da kuma mafi muhimmanci filin jirgin sama - Dar el Beida - daukawa biyu m flights da flights zuwa Turai, Asiya, Afrika, Amirka ta Arewa. A total na 39 na kasa da kasa inda ake nufi.

kitchen

Algeria abinci ne wani ɓangare na wani babban hadaddun migribskih dafuwa hadisai. Mutane da yawa irin wannan jita-jita za a iya samu a kasashen Tunisia. Broad m jita-jita na Rum kayayyakin. Cooking sau da yawa amfani nunannun 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu, da zaituni. Traditional Berber tasa ne yankin nama daga naman rakumin. Barasa a Muslim Aljeriya sun ƙaryata. Ga abin sha mai dadi kore shayi tare da kwayoyi, Mint da kuma almonds. Fans of invigorating abubuwan sha fi son karfi, "Larabci" kofi.

shopping

Kantin a Algeria yana da halaye, su zama daidai - yayin da shagunan. Domin Turawa, shi ne ba quite saba. Gaskiyar cewa mutane na Aljeriya, kamar yadda wata Musulmi jihar, a lokacin aiki sa biyu-hour hutu don siesta. Wannan kuma ya shafi Stores cewa aiki a cikin biyu bulan: safe - daga 8,00 zuwa 12,00 da yamma - daga 14,00 to 18.00. Ga tsaraba shopping ba shine al'amarin ba. Su aiki "har karshe baƙo." Products a manyan kantunan za ka iya saya daga farkon safe har dare. Yawon bude ido za su iya kawo koma baya daga Afirka daban-daban tsarabobi: itace, fata da kuma dimbin yawa da jan tsabar kudi, Berber kyãwãwa, da azurfa kayan ado ko mats da Berber motifs.

lafiya na yawon bude ido

Algeria - mai tasowa, musamman da hankali ne ba biya zuwa yawon shakatawa, da kuma wasu birane ne ko da yiwuwar kawo hadari ga yawon bude ido. Ziyarci su karfi ba da shawarar. Ko da yake babu wani aikin hukuma ban. Akwai sun kasance lokuta na sata na yawon bude ido. A wannan yanayin, da arewa ke dauke da cikakken lafiya. A Sahara ya aika wani tsari kungiyar tare da wani gida mai shiryarwa. Tafiye-tafiye da kuma yawon shakatawa dole ne a kama kawai daga izini yawon shakatawa aiki.

The mafi ban sha'awa

1. Personal kayan ado - abubuwa da aka yi da zinariya, da azurfa, da platinum - kana bukatar ka bayyana a kwastan lokacin shigar kasar.
2. Za ka iya kawo wani fiye da 1 naúrar taba ko sigari 50, 2 l na giya Toll Aljeriya (kasa da 22º), da kuma 1 lita na ruhohi (a 22º).
3. Idan kana da wani fasfo hatimi a kan rarrabawa da kan iyakoki na Isra'ila, da shigarwa cikin Algeria sun ƙaryata.
4. Wani lokaci ATMs ana tambayarka don shiga wata 6-lambar PIN. A wannan yanayin, kana bukatar ka shigar da biyu na farko zeros.
5. Don dauka na gida yawan mutane, an ba da shawarar. An dauke m.
6. Ya kamata amfani kawai na kwalba ruwa.
7. Coast dadi to ziyarci ko'ina cikin shekara, ko da yake Algeria ba quite a rairayin bakin teku makõma, akwai wani alhẽri hotels.
8. A cikin ƙasa na da wata babbar yawan Phoenician, Roman kuma Byzantine kango.
9. A kan dutse, 124 mita high saman teku matakin, shi ne Notre Dame d'Afrique.

"Our Lady of Africa, ku yi mana addu'a, kuma ga Musulmi" - ne rubutu kan ƙofar Faransa. Wannan shi ne kawai wuri a duniya inda cikin Katolika addini tana nufin wani Musulmi.