Admiral Kornilov: taƙaitaccen labari

Vladimir Alekseevich Kornilov - daya daga cikin manyan sojojin Rasha na karni na XIX. Za a iya kiran rayuwarsa misali na sabis na gaskiya da rashin kai ga Rasha. Ya cancanci ɗaukakar mai mulki mai adalci da kuma mai gudanarwa mai basira, kuma idan ba a katse rayuwarsa ba, ba shakka, sakamakon sakamakon War Crimean na Rasha zai iya zama daban.

Yara da matasa

A nan gaba gwarzo na Crimean War, an haife shi a 1806 a cikin iyali Estate kusa Tver Ivanovo.

Mahaifinsa, Alexei Mikhailovich, wani jami'in soja ne, a lokacin da yake matashi. Da yake kai ga matsayi na kwamandan kwamandan, sai ya bar jiragen ruwa, kuma ya dade yana da rinjaye a cikin Siberia. Bayan haka ya koma babban birnin, inda ya zama sanata.

Bisa ga al'adar iyali, matasa Vladimir sun yanke shawarar danganta ransa tare da teku. A ƙarshen St Petersburg Marine Cadet Corps, ya shiga cikin Kwamitin Tsaro. An gudanar da sabis ne musamman a kan tudu, kuma rawar da aka yi na da wuya ga saurayi. Daga bisani, an fitar da shi tare da kalmar "saboda rashin matsala ga gaba." A kan wannan tarihin Kornilov a matsayin jami'in sojan ruwa zai iya kammala, idan mahaifinsa bai shiga ba.

«Azov»

Bayan wani lokaci, an sake karbar makamai na rukunin rundunar sojan Rasha na soja kuma ya shiga jirgi "Azov", wanda ya isa babban birnin Arkhangelsk kawai.

A lokacin hidima a Azov a cikin matsayi na midshipman Kornilov ya shiga cikin sauƙi sauyawa na jirgin daga Kronstadt zuwa Rum.

Babban kwamandan jirgin Mista Lazarev, wanda ya lura da irin kwarewar da ya samu na wani matashi, ya zubar da kundin tarihin Faransanci daga gidan gidansa, kuma ya ba da takardun littafin Kornilov a kan hanyar jirage da na jiragen ruwa. A karkashin jagorancin kyaftin din, matasa midshipman sun fara fahimtar kimiyya mai wuya. Kamar yadda tarihin ya nuna, Kornilov yayi daidai da shi.

Bayan sun isa teku, Azov ya sadu da Squadron Allied Allied, da gaggawa don taimakawa Girka. Saboda haka, Kornilov faru ya dauki bangare a cikin shahararrun Battle of Navarino a 1827. Azov shine horar da 'yan wasan Rasha, kuma tawagarsa ta nuna jaruntaka.

A lokacin yakin da matasa suka jagoranci uku na Azov kuma ya kasance da kwarewa da ƙarfin hali da aka ba shi da umarni da yawa daga dukkan kasashen da suke da alaka. Ya aka bayar da Order na Bath a Ingila, Order na Ruhu Mai Ceton Girka, Order of St. Louis na Faransa da kuma Rasha Order of St. Anne ta 4-th digiri.

A wannan mummunan yakin, wani matashi dan shekaru matasa Istomin da Lieutenant Nakhimov suka yi yaki da kafada tare da Kornilov. Game da muhimmancin rawar da wadannan mutane ke yi a cikin tarihin Rundunar Sojan Rasha don tunawa da ba dole ba.

A kan Black Sea

Bayan yakin basasa, Kornilov ya ci gaba da hidima a cikin Baltic. Duk da haka, tsohon kwamandan Admiral Lazarev, wanda aka fassara zuwa wancan lokacin zuwa Bahar Black, bai manta game da jarumi mai matukar gaske ba kuma ya rubuta shi daga Petersburg zuwa Sevastopol.

A lokacin Bosphorus balaguro na 1833, Kornilov ya shahara sosai tare da aikin sa na binciken ruwa a cikin yankunan da ya ɓata, wanda aka ba shi lambar yabo St. Vladimir 4th digiri.

Bayan wannan aiki, Kornilov aka nada shugaban Birgediya "Themistocles", kuma ya ya iya nuna kansa mai kyau sarrafa. A cikin daya daga cikin yakin "Themistocles" wani fasinja a kan jirgi shi ne babban dan wasan Rasha Karl Bryullov. A lokacin tafiyar Kornilov sau da yawa yana da dogon tattaunawa tare da wannan mutum mafi ban sha'awa. Bryullov a wancan lokacin yana aiki a kan daya daga cikin manyan ayyukansa, zane "Ranar Lahira ta Pompeii." Yayinda yake yin iyo, mai zane ya rubuta hoto na Kornilov, wanda yanzu yake a cikin tarin Hermitage.

Bayan "Themistocles" karkashin umurnin Kornilov, mai suna "Orestes", "Flora", kuma har ma da manyan batutuwan "Manhajoji goma sha biyu" tare da ƙungiyar mutane fiye da 1,000 sun fito cikin teku. A shekarun nan ne Admiral Kornilov zai iya samun karfin girmamawa daga masu biyayya kuma ya sami nasara a cikin su da daukakar babban mai adalci. Vladimir Alekseevich da kansa ya ci gaba da yin nazarin ba tare da jin tsoro ba kuma ya inganta basirarsa a matsayin kyaftin.

Babban Jami'ai na Fleet

A shekara ta 1838, aka nada Kornilov babban shugaban ma'aikatan Black Sea Fleet, kuma kwamandansa ya sake zama Lazarev, wanda ya yi farin ciki da damar aiki tare da wani matashi mai kyau. A cikin hadin gwiwa tare da Lazarev, Kornilov ya gudanar da darussan jiragen ruwa da dama kuma ya shiga cikin kananan yakin basasa a gabashin Black Sea. A cikin wannan matsayi, an inganta shi zuwa Kyaftin I rank.

A 1848, Kornilov ya sake zama Ingila don ya dauki kwarewar abokan aikinsa na kasashen waje kuma a lokaci guda ya kula da gina wasu tuddai da umurnin Black Sea Fleet. Ya koma Sevastopol a daya daga cikin su - jirgin ruwa mai suna "Vladimir".

Bayan wannan tafiya, aikin Kornilov ya fara girma. Ya sami lakabi na Rear Admiral, kuma nan da nan ya shiga cikin sarkin daularsa. Yanzu yana da damar ya ba da rahoton kansa ga Nicholas I game da batun Black Sea Fleet.

Ayyukan Ƙarfafawa na Tsaro

A 1851, Lazarev ya mutu. A bisa hukuma, Admiral Berkh an nada shi kwamandan Black Sea Fleet, amma kowa da kowa ya fahimci cewa wannan tsari ne kawai. Dukkan hakikanin iko na jirgin ruwa a kan Tekun Black ya mayar da hankali ga hannun Kornilov, kuma bai yi kuskure ba.

Kowane mutum ya fahimci cewa babban yakin zai tashi a kudanci, Admiral Kornilov ya yi sauri don aiwatar da duk aikin da ya dace domin karfafa tashar jiragen ruwan da kuma gina sababbin jirgi. Amma yana da ɗan lokaci, kuma abubuwan da suka faru sun hanzarta.

Yakin teku

A cikin Oktoba 1853, Rasha ta shiga yakin Turkiya. Daga bisani an tura Kornilov zuwa bincike don ya gano mayakan abokan gaba. Rundunar Rasha ta kai Bosphorus, amma ba a gano kogin jiragen ruwa ba. Admiral ya yanke shawarar raba ƙungiyarsa, ya aika da kungiyoyin jirgi a wurare daban-daban. Kan kansa a kan jirgin ruwa mai suna "Vladimir" ya koma Sevastopol.

Ba zato ba tsammani, "Vladimir" ya zo a fadin jirgin ruwa na abokin gaba. Wannan shi ne tururuwan Turkiyya Pervaz-Bahri. Yaƙin ya faru, wanda ya zama na farko na yaƙi na jiragen ruwa ta hanyar amfani da tayar da tururi. Russia sun fito daga cikin nasara. An kama jirgin Turkiyya kuma aka kori Sevastopol. Daga baya an gyara shi, sai ya zama wani ɓangare na Black Sea Fleet ƙarƙashin sunan "Kornilov". Yakin ya kai kusa da bakin teku na Crimean, kuma jirgin ya bukaci yawancin jirgi.

Bayan ɗan lokaci, Admiral Kornilov ya koma cikin teku a matsayin kwamandan tawagar, wanda ke gaggawa don taimakawa tawagar tawagar Nakhimov. Duk da haka, a farkon sanannen Sinop yaƙi ba su da lokaci. Nakhimov, ba tare da taimakon ba, ya gudanar da nasarar kayar da manyan rundunonin 'yan tawaye.

Amma nasarar da aka yi na Solar Warfa ya juya zuwa sabon bala'i. A yakin, a gefen Turkiya, Ingila da Faransa suka shiga. A yanzu kafin Kornilov wani sabon aiki wanda ba zai yiwu ba ya tashi ya ci gaba da kare Sevastopol mai kare kansa daga kusatar sojojin soji da ƙasa na abokan gaba.

Tsaron Sevastopol

Tsaran gidaje, Menshikov ta shirya, ba ta da amfani kuma ba ta da amfani. Ba da daɗewa ba Sevastopol ya kasance a cikin matsanancin halin da ake ciki.

Admiral Kornilov, wanda ke jagorancin sansanin soja na Sevastopol, tare da masanin injiniya Totleben, ya fara yin gyare-gyare da sauri a birnin. A wancan lokacin babbar tawagar Anglo-Faransa ta isa Sevastopol Bay. Rundunar jiragen ruwa na Rasha sun kama su a cikin wani hari na gida sau uku a babbar rundunonin abokan gaba. Kornilov ya ba da shawarar kawo har yanzu jiragen ruwa a cikin teku, shiga cikin yakin kuma sayar da rayukan su ƙauna. Duk da haka, wasu, mafi yawan 'yan majalisa na majalisar soja ba su goyi bayan wannan shirin ba. Sun nuna cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta Rasha ta fi dacewa, don haka yana iya kare birnin daga mamaye daga teku. Wannan shirin ne wanda aka yanke shawarar aiwatarwa. An kaddamar da jirgin ruwan, kuma gabar teku ya kara ƙarfafa kayan aikin jirgin.

Mutuwa

Ranar 13 ga watan Satumba, da aka kewaye Sevastopol, sai dukan mazauna garin suka fito don gina gandun daji. Kusan wata guda daga baya, bama-bamai na farko da ya faru a birnin ya faru, wanda, rashin alheri, shine karshe ga mashahurin admiral.

A wannan rana, Vladimir Alekseevich Kornilov, kamar yadda ya saba, ya binciki garuruwan birnin. Bom din ya kama shi a kan Mamayev Hill. Da yake watsar da ɗakunan da ke fadowa, Kornilov ya gama dubawa kuma yana gab da zuwa wasu kariya, lokacin da wani abokin gaba ya zubar da shi a hankali, yana karbar raunin da ya ji rauni a kansa. Maganganun karshe shi ne bukatar kare Sevastopol zuwa ƙarshen jini.

An binne Kornilov a cikin Cathidar Naval na Vladimir kusa da abokinsa da malamin Admiral Lazarev. A kadan daga baya a can za su sami karshe kyaun Admiral Nakhimov da Istomin.

Bayanan ɗan gajeren labari na Kornilov ba zai iya cika dukkan abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwarsa da kuma yawancin mutum ba. Wannan mutum mai ban mamaki ya yi nasara sosai a rayuwarsa kuma zai kasance a cikin tunanin mutanen Rasha. An tuna da shi a matsayin mai aiki mai kyau da kuma kwamandan mayajan gwani. Duk da haka, 'yan sun san cewa shahararren jarumi na War Crimean a lokacin da aka huta a hankali shi ne mijin kirki da kuma iyayen' ya'ya biyar.