A zurfin Mariana tare mahara

Domin duk unexplored mutum ya kasance kullum na babban sha'awa. Kuma teku zurfin ci gaba da haka da yawa asirin cewa fiye da daya tsara na masana kimiyya za a bayar da aiki.

Amma akwai wasu da maki a kan taswira cewa ba kawai ya rufe da wani mayafi na sirri, kuma suna da babban jigo na sufi tãtsũniyõyin.

Wata irin wannan wuri - Mariana ƙullunku ko gutter - wakiltar wani hali kashi na taimako-teku nahiyar mika mulki zones. A cikin irin wannan wurare, akwai wani rage daga cikin teku bene, a cikin irin wanda dogon, kunkuntar kwarin. A mafi zurfi ramuka ne Pacific.

Mariana Islands da aka bai da sunan daya daga cikin zurfin-teku ramuka tsawon na biyu da rabi kilomita dubu. Ya bambanta lebur kasa da nisa daga wanda yake 1-5 kilomita, m-gefe V-dimbin yawa. Matsakaicin zurfin Mariana tare mahara ne game da 11 kilomita. Wannan shi ne mafi zurfi ma'ana a duk tekuna. Yana ne wajen wani chasm ko abyss fiye da ciki.

Abin da kuma ba mu san game da wannan m mutum wuri? A binciken da Mariana tare mahara ya fara a karni na 19th, a lokacin da jirgin "Challenger" tare da 'yan English balaguro tashi a jirgin zuwa ga gudanar da ma'aunai na cikin zurfin na Pacific. A fannin gutter ne mafi tsoho na teku bottoms a duniya. Wannan bayyana zurfin Mariana tare mahara. A shekarar 1960, da bathyscaphe "Trieste" zuwa biyu masu bincike a kan jirgin shiga cikin mafi zurfi ɓangare na kwari - Challenger Deep. Wannan nutse ya tafiya a cikin asiri acan karkashin ruwa, a matsayin ƙullunku ƙasa da aka gaba daya gane. A hadarin ya girma. Ya bayar da gudunmawar da nazarin wannan batun ya sanya Hollywood fim darektan Dzheyms Kemeron, wanda a matsayin na uku mutum a cikin duniya, mamaya da Mariana tare mahara, gudanar da bincike da samu da yawa daga sabon bayanai invaluable.

The mazaunan Mariana tare mahara buƙaci wararriyar tattaunawa. A shekarar 1958 balaguro na Soviet masana kimiyya ya tabbatar da wanzuwar rayuwa a cikin zurfin dubu bakwai mita. Kafin wannan an yi tunanin cewa akwai wani karin dubu shida. Af, da balaguro gano cewa, matsakaicin zurfin Mariana tare mahara ne goma sha dubu ashirin da biyu mita. Amma ga rayayyun kwayoyin halitta, daga karatunsu da aka gudanar karkashin ruwa motocin, sanya daga kayan wanin high ƙarfi a cikin zurfin suna ta atomatik piloted. Kyamarori, wanda aka sanye take da wadannan na'urori, gyarawa kwayoyin (dukan mazauna) kasa da maki bakwai dubu mita. A abin da yanayin da suka rayuwa a cikin biyar-kafar tsutsotsi, san ko su wanene halittun mita biyu dogon taushi-bodied, mutated dorinar ruwa, star teku? Kuma a cikin duhu, babu algae a low yanayin zafi da kuma wasu batattun sifofi hydrostatic matsa lamba. A irin wannan yanayi, duka rayayyun kwayoyin halitta suna bambanta sosai madalla ra'ayoyi, da kuma sun ciyar da mafi yawa kwayoyin.

Mariana tasa ne a wurin, inda ya tectonic Laifi, a cikinsa Pacific farantin lankwasa da kuma partially bar karkashin Philippine. Amma a matsayin mai yawa matsa lamba daya tectonic farantin da sauran ba ya wanzu, masana kimiyya sun natsu da cewa girgizar asa a cikin wannan yanki zai yiwu ba. Amma yanzu amincewa ne ma rage. Wannan shi ne laifin biyu girgizar asa da cewa ya faru a tsibirin Sumatra, kuma a Japan a shekarar 2004 da kuma 2011.

A zurfin Mariana tare mahara Stores haka inexplicable cewa oceanographers, masana kimiyya za su shekaru da yawa, don kokarin dauke da labulen halin asiri a kan wannan bangare na tekun Pacific. Wannan sake tabbatar da darektan na Hollywood, wanda kwanan nan ya zama wani mai bincike. Faduwa zuwa zurfin goma sha kilomita, ya yin fim mai yawa ban sha'awa abubuwa.