Natalia Goncharova - artist biography da kuma hoto

Natalia Goncharova - m zane-zane, wanda shi ne quite a rare mace avant-garde art. Ta rayuwa da kuma aiki ne bayyananne tunani na trends a ci gaban al'umma da al'adu na karni na 20th. Ta zane-zane ne yanzu daraja kudi mai yawa, amma a lokacin da ta tsananta, kuma ya soki domin su musamman ra'ayinmu game da duniya.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma asalin

Natalia Goncharova aka haife Yuni 4, 1881 a kauyen Ladyzhino yankin Tula a Estate na kakarsa, wanda ya ba da nisa daga Yasnaya Polyana. Uba Natalia ke da yanayi na Goncharova, Pushkin matar zo daga, da takwara artist Natalia Goncharova. Su HALITTAR zo daga m Athanasius Abramovich - kafa na lilin factory a Kaluga yankin. Natalia ta kaka ya zo daga wani iyali sanannun lissafi P. Chebyshev.

The mahaifin na artist Sergei Mikhailovich an m, wakilin Moscow Art Nouveau. Uwa Catherine Ilinichna - 'yar wani farfesa na Moscow tauhidin Academy. } Ananan yara, ta ciyar a kan Estate a lardin, da kuma shi ne har abada shuka a cikin mata soyayya na yankunan karkara rayuwa. Contact tare da jama'a art bar wata alama a ta ji na duniya, da kuma cewa shi ne abin da masana tarihi art bayyana wannan ado sakamako na ta aikin. Lokacin da ta ke da shekaru 10 da haihuwa, da iyali koma Moscow.

koyo

A isowa a Moscow, Natalya Goncharova, an artist a nan gaba, ta shiga cikin mata motsa jiki, wanda duka biyu kammala a 1898 tare da wata lambar azurfa. Duk da cewa 'yan matan su ne undoubted hali ya zana, shi ba a dauke tsanani a matasa damar zama wani artist. Bayan makarantar sakandare, ta neman da kansa, ya yi kokarin aiki a magani, yi kokarin shiga jami'a, amma ba don samun shiga. A shekarar 1900, ta zama ƙwarai sha'awar art, da kuma a shekara daga baya ya shiga Moscow School of zanen a cikin aji na sassaka S. Volnukhin da Trubetskoy.

Nazarin da aka bai wa mata da a 1904 ta ko samu a kananan lambar azurfa ga aikinsa, amma nan da nan bar makaranta. A 1903 ta yi tafiya zuwa m kasuwanci tafiya zuwa Crimea da Tiraspol, wanda sanã'anta jawo posters ga nuni da aikin noma, kazalika da rubuta almara da kuma watercolors a impressionistic style.

The artist Mikhail Larionov gaya mata kada su vata lokaci a kan sassaka da zane yi, "bude idanun ka kaga ga idanunku. Kana da wani flair ga launi da kuma samar da kake yi ", - ya ce. Ganawa da Larionov canza ta rayuwa da kuma nufi, da ta fara rubuta da yawa, kuma sami naka style.

A shekara ta 1904 Goncharova koma zuwa makaranta, amma da ke shiga cikin studio da zanen da Konstantin Korovin. Sassaka na yarinya bai ba up, da kuma a 1907 samu wani ya samu lambar. A 1909, Natalia karshe yanke shawarar da ya dakatar da karatun, nazarin gaban sauran sãsanni.

bim

Tare da Mihailom Larionovym Natalia Goncharova, artist biography yanzu har abada hade da sabon art a farkon 1910s, ya zama kafa na avant-garde trends a zanen - Rayonism. An kira ga koma cikin yanayin asalin na zamanin d art. Musamman muhimmancin aka haɗe da kari na kaden ba damar zuwa mutum na tarihi ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma tashe m kwatanci.

Man, bisa ga Goncharova da Larionov, tsinkayen duniya a matsayin sa na intersecting bim, da kuma aiki na artist su isar da wannan hangen nesa da taimakon canza launin Lines. Early aiki Goncharova kasance sosai haske da ma'ana. An ba kawai imbued tare da ra'ayin Rayonism, amma kuma nemi ya kawo sabon tunani, da su ne sai cike da al'adu.

m biography

Tun shekarar 1906, Natalia Goncharova, artist, photos na ayyukan da za a iya gani a yau a cikin taskoki na mafi babbar gidajen tarihi a duniya, zai fara rubuta sosai maida. A tafiya zuwa Paris, inda ta aka yi wahayi zuwa ga ayyukan Fauves da Paul Gauguin, tilasta ma ta motsa daga Impressionism kuma zana su da hankali ga sabon trends. Addicting artist kokarin primitivism ( "Wash zane," 1910), cubism ( "Vertical na Mikhail Larionov," 1913), wani abstraction.

Da yawa daga baya, masu sukar zai ce cewa irin wannan-jefawa ba da damar ta ta ci gaba da ikon da basira. A wannan yanayin, yana da matukar m da kuma aiki. Daga 1908 zuwa 1911 ta bada zaman kansa darussa a cikin art studio na zane-zane Mashkov. Natalia kuma ta sake koma cikin ado arts: rubutu alamu for wallpaper, friezes fa, tã gidajensu. The artist taka rawa a cikin aikin na Futurists Society, tare da haɗin gwiwar V. Khlebnikov da Kruchenykh.

A 1913 Goncharova aka janye a gwaji film "Lady a cikin Cabaret Futurists №13», da tef ba a kiyaye su. A kadai tsira tsirara scene kama Goncharova a hannun M. Larionov. A shekara ta 1914 ta sake ziyarci Paris a bisa gayyatar da Sergei Diaghilev. A 1915, da artist tana fuskantar munanan matsaloli na katsalandan. A 1916 ya samu wani tayin yin wani zanen da coci a Bessarabia, amma wadannan tsare-tsaren da aka katse ta da yaƙi.

Nunin aiki

A cikin 1910s Goncharova yawa fallasa, da hannu a ayyukan m al'ummu. A 1911 ta, tare da M. Larionov shirya nuni "Jack na Diamonds" a 1912 - "Jaka ta Tail" da "Salon na Golden ulun kuwa," "World of Art", "hari", "№4". The artist ne wani ɓangare na Munich kamfanin "Blue Rider". Goncharov ya rayayye goyan bayan yawa ayyuka da kuma manufofin da cewa lokaci. Tare da Futurists, ta tafiya game da Petersburg da fentin fuska, alamar tauraro a cikin fina-finan. Kusan dukkan wadannan abubuwan, ciki har da nune-nunen, ya ƙare a aikata abin kunya da kuma kira 'yan sanda.

A shekara ta 1914 shi gudanar da wata babbar solo nuni da ayyuka da Goncharova, inda 762 zane-zane da aka nuna. Amma kuma shi bai kasance ba tare da kunya: aikin da aka janye a kan zargin da alfãsha, kuma da wanĩ jama'a dandano.

Dalilin wannan faru a cikin avant-garde events sau da yawa ya Natalia Goncharova, da artist, da nuni da wanda na karshe da aka gudanar a Rasha a 1915. Bayan da cewa Rasha ba gan sirri nune-nunen da wannan asali artist.

Bincikar ayyukan da kuma hane-hane

A 1910 a nuni da Society of Free Ilmi Natalia Goncharova, da artist, wanda aikin a baya ya sha nanata aka gane a matsayin haramtacce, shi ya nuna da dama hotuna na tsirara mata a cikin ruhu na Venus figurines. Works da aka kama a kan zargin da batsa, wanda ya m ga cewa lokaci na tsarist Rasha, a lokacin da ayyukan art ba batun yin katsalandan. Bayan wani abin kunya Natalia mahaifin rubuta buɗaɗɗiyar wasiƙa ga jaridar, a cikin abin da masu sukar ta kanã abin zargi cewa, ba su gan rai ruhun kerawa a cikin ayyukansu na 'yarta.

A 1912, sanannen nuni "Jaka ta Tail" Natalia Goncharova, da artist yana tare da kafa suna avangardistki, fallashi a sake zagayowar of 4 zane-zane "Masu shelar bishara." Wannan aiki ya sa fushi daga dakatar da maras muhimmanci images of tsarkaka. A shekara ta 1914, wani solo nuni da artist an cire 22 aiki, sa'an nan da dakatar ko da ya tafi kotu, da ake zargi da yin sāɓo kan Goncharov wuraren bauta. Baya ta tsaya yawa artists na lokaci: Tolstoy, M. Dobuzhinsky, N. Wrangel. Godiya ga wani lauya M. Khodasevich hali da aka lashe, tace soke. Goncharov koka ga abokai cewa ta ba su gane cewa shi ne kore ta gaskiya imani da Allah.

Goncharova - zane

Natalia Goncharova - wani artist wanda dabbled a daban-daban manifestations. Ta abota da Futurists jagorancin ajiyan graphics. A 1912, ta tsara littattafan Kruchenykh da Khlebnikov "Mirskontsa», «A Game a cikin Jahannama." A 1913 - da aikin Kruchenykh "Vzorval", "sufi. Pustynnitsy "da kuma tarin" Zadok da alƙalai №2 »littattafai K. Bolshakov. Goncharova daya daga cikin na farko littafin illustrators a Turai don amfani da dabara na tarin hotunan. A wasu daga cikin ayyukansa, yana tsaye a kan daidai gabãtarwar da maza na haruffa.

Alal misali, littafin Kruchenykh "Biyu Poems," bakwai shafi na 14 zane posted cewa a cikin wannan tsari a matsayin ra'ayin da aikin, kazalika da kalmomi. Daga baya, tuni kasashen waje Goncharova halitta zanuka don "Lay" ga German m for "The Tale of Tsar Saltan".

ƙaura

A 1915 Goncharova Natalya Sergeevna (avant-garde artist), tare da rayuwa abõkinsa M. Larionov tafi Paris aiki tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo Sergeya Dyagileva. Back a Rasha ya hana juyin juya halin. Suka zauna a Latin Quarter na Paris, inda cream na Rasha ƙaura ziyarci.

A France, kamar wata organically shiga cikin da'irar gida bohemians. Sun mutane shirya sadaka bukukuwa domin novice painters. A gidan Goncharova, Larionov wani m baƙo Nikolai Gumilyov, daga baya, Marina Tsvetaeva, wanda zama kusa abokai da Nataley Sergeevnoy.

Goncharova yi aiki wuya a lokacin zaman talala, amma irin wannan m fashewa a cikin 10-ies, a Rasha an daina dandana. Ko da yake ta hawan keke "peacocks", "Magnolia", "ƙayayuwa furanni" magana ta a matsayin balagagge da kuma kunno kai artists.

wasan kwaikwayo aiki

Natalia Goncharova - wani artist, a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na wanda wani real sadaukarwa. Ta ya yi aiki tare da Alexander Tairov a da bẽne, Theatre a kan samar da "Amar". Wannan aikin da aka nuna yabo sosai V. Meyerhold. Har ila yau a cikin 10-ies, da ta fara aiki tare da Diaghilev, yin fita a da sanarwa, "Rasha Seasons". A Paris, ta aiki tare da rawa "The Firebird", "Spain", "A Wedding." Goncharov ci gaba da yin hadin gwiwa tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo ko da bayan mutuwar wani impresario.

mafi kyau aiki

Akwai ba haka ba mutane da yawa mace artists, da mafi nasara. Daya daga cikin wadannan na musamman Ladies ya Natalia Goncharova. Artist "Spanish Mura" wanda ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 6 fam, ya bar wani mai arziki gado ne. Her aiki ne da yawa a cikin manyan gidajen tarihi da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin a duniya. Daga cikin mafi kyau ayyuka sun hada da: "Wash zane", "apple daukana", wani jerin "Mutanen Espanya mura", "Phoenix Bird", "Forest", "jirgin sama a kan jirgin kasa." Natalia Goncharova - mace artist tare da mafi tsada zane-zane. Ta aikin "Daukana Apples" (1909) da aka sayar a gwanjo domin kusan £ miliyan 5.

Personal rai

Natalia Goncharova - artist, wanda sirri rayuwa ne a hankali lauye da m. Ko da a cikin koleji ta hadu Mihailom Larionovym, tare da shi da kuma daura da wani rabo rayuwa. Sun kasance kamar shiryayye abokai, sosai kusa da abokai. Ko a lokacin da a Paris Larionov Alexandra tana da Tomilina biyu jinkirta tare. A shekarar 1955, suka yi aure, amma dangantaka da Tomilina daga Larionov ci gaba. All rayu a cikin wannan gini amma a kan daban-daban benaye. Kuma sau daya a cikin fuska a kan matakala da tsufa, matalauci matar ta lover, Natalia S. Tomilina tura. Wannan ƙi kara mutuwa Goncharova. Oktoba 17, 1962 duniya ya bar wani fitaccen Rasha artist. Suka binne ta a cikin Paris hurumi na Ivry.