A T-90AM: fasaha halaye da kuma kwatanta da analogues

T-90AM "nasara", kuma ta fitarwa version na T-90 cm ne latest gyara na fada inji T-90A. a kan yadda za a inganta aikin fara a 2004. A farko samfur na T-90AM da aka gabatar a farkon Satumba 2011 a Nizhny Tagil a cikin soja kewayon "hakar gwal". Gabatar da sababbin kayan aikin soji da aka gudanar a XIII International Nunin Rea-2011.

Domin bayani game da inganta

T-90AM, da halaye na waxanda suke da samuwa a halin yanzu kawai a general sharuddan, an halitta a kan tushen da T-90. A developer na sabon abubuwa ne "Uralvagonzavod". Babban abu na zamani na inji shi ne tsohon hasumiya, wadda aka maye gurbinsu da wani sabon fama naúra da kuma inganta SLAs "Kalina", wanda ya hadedde da fama bayanai da kuma kula da tsarin dabara matakin. Bugu da kari, T-90AM (photos aka gabatar a cikin labarin) an bayar da wani kyautata gun 2A46M-5, wani sabon atomatik Loader da antiaircraft shigarwa UDP T05BV-1 da ramut. Har ila yau, gurbin "Contact-V» a kan DZ "relic".

Musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa Developers kara kwamandan damar game da wuta gudanar da bincike manufofin daidai yadda ya kamata ko da kuwa da lokaci na rana. A karo na farko a Rasha tank T-90AM kawota sarrafawa da wani matuƙin jirgin ruwa da kuma wani atomatik canjawa tsarin. Yana samar da wata dama don canzawa zuwa yanayin manual, da zaran da bukatar taso.

Machine T-harsashi 90AM yana da biyu stacking kungiyoyin - daya a waje da kuma sauran - da ciki. A wannan yanayin, 22 Shots suna located a cikin ƙananan sashi na jiki, a AZ, da kuma sauran, kazalika da zargin domin su - a wani musamman sulke akwatin, wanda aka located a tsananin hasumiyar. Kwararru ya kula da inganta da kalmomin sirri da kuma motsi na T-90AM (SM). A saboda wannan dalili aka shigar latest hada dare hangen nesa na'urorin, kazalika da TV kamara ga raya-view yankin.

New T-90AM "nasara" weighs 48 ton, wanda shi ne daya da rabi ton fiye da tushe model, amma a lokaci guda ne da yawa kasa da ta Jamus ko American takwarorinsu. Wannan inji sanye take da wani ikon saitin a monoblock 93, da ciwon damar 1130 lita. sec., ɓullo kan a-92S2F2. An kuma yanke shawarar canza antineutron nadboy mafi m ballistic wuta-resistant abu kamar kivlara da kuma inganta wuta-extinguishing tsarin.

Summing up sakamakon zamani, zamu iya cewa da motsi da kuma tsaro na T-90AM inganta markedly, da girma sun zauna kusan canzawa, don haka shi ne har yanzu a wani aji na fama motocin har zuwa 50 ton.

A kwatanta soja kayan aiki

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa mutane da yawa sun damu da shi ne, abin da shi ne tasiri na latest Rasha tankuna a kwatanta da waje analogues. Alal misali, sama da American M1 "Abrams". Amma kwatanta biyu fama motocin, sani cewa halin da ake ciki a lokacin da suka hadu fuska da fuska a fagen yaƙi, yau kusan wadanda ba babu.

A zamani da yanayi na yaki domin tsira, da ƙungiya na tanki zai yi yaki tare da daban-daban abokan adawar, jere daga dakaru sanye take da anti-tanki makamai masu linzami, da kuma kawo karshen tare da jiragen sama da kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu. Amma, duk da wannan, masana suna kullum kokarin kwatanta yaki da inji na daya aji tare da juna. A daidai wannan lokaci, wasu daga cikinsu yi imani da cewa msar tambayar kwatanta da tankuna ne ba zai yiwu ba bisa manufa, domin ko da real yãƙi ba zai ba da wani tabbatacce amsar wannan tambaya da wanda yake mafi alhẽri. Akwai bukatar la'akari da rundunar sauran sharudda, kamar yin amfani da dabara da kuma goyon baya na na'ura, da matakin da horo na crews, da hulda da daban-daban soja raka'a da sauransu. D. All wannan zai iya zama fiye da muhimmanci fiye da fasaha halaye na tankuna kansu.

Kwatanta T-90 da kuma "Abrams"

Kafin ka fara gwada fasaha halaye na wadannan fama motocin, don Allah a kula da cewa T-90 da aka ɓullo da 20 da suka wuce, kuma tun sa'an nan an kyautata sau da yawa. Da sauƙi, kowane sabon samfurin da aka muhimmanci daban-daban daga baya daya biyu da fasali da kuma cikin sharuddan fama tasiri. A wannan abu ya faru tare da tank "Abrams", shigar da sabis na US Army a 1980. Saboda haka ma yayi cikakkar kwatanta duk da sigogi tana da ma'ana ne kawai a takamaiman versions da aka saki a cikin wannan lokaci lokaci.

Fasaha bayani dalla-dalla da kuma sauran sigogi na Rasha T-90AM da "Abrams" M1A2 har wasan ne kusan ba zai yiwu saboda babban matakin sirri kewaye da wannan soja kayan aiki. An sani cewa ajiyar na hasumiyai a su gaban rabo ne m - a Aljihuna samuwa a kan frontal makamai kunshe-shigar da ake kira gani zanen gado.

A amfani da fasahar a cikin fama da yanayi

American Tank "Abrams" an riga an yi amfani da Iraqi soja aiki "Desert Storm". Amma ga Rasha mota, ta bangare a cikin yãƙi ya zuwa yanzu ba a rubuce. Duk da yake wasu masana bayar da shawarar cewa T-90 tank riga kokarin a lokacin farko da na biyu Chechnya yaƙin neman zaɓe a Chechnya da kuma Dagestan. Wasu jayayya da cewa wadannan inji lit sama a watan Agusta 2008, a Kudu Ossetia a lokacin Jojiyanci-Ossetian rikici.

Alal misali, wasu daga cikin kafofin watsa labaru sa'an nan ya ruwaito cewa T-90 da aka gani a lokacin da wani Rasha karbo daga Gori (Jojiya). Amma ya zuwa yanzu babu kai tsaye shaida wannan al'amari ba ya wanzu. Bayan haka, T-90, wanda halaye an ba a kwatanta da American "Abrams" m, zahiri kama da T-72B, ciwon tsauri kariya "Contact", wanda na iya haifar da ganewa kuskure.

Duk da yake shi ne ya yanke shawara a kan hanyar da kanta zarekomenduet tank T-90AM a real yaki, ba shi yiwuwa, kamar yadda ya taba aka yi amfani.

zane kwatanta

Ya kamata a lura da cewa Amurka da kuma Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma daga baya Rasha, sun ko da yaushe yana da matukar daban-daban tsarin kula da zane na soja da kayan aiki. A bayyane yake da shi ya nuna cewa American M1 tank ne mafi girma daga cikin girman da T-90. Don cimma akan rage girman da na'ura gudanar da sakewa na Loader, wanda ya yi aikinsu dole ne kamar 1.7 m daga tsawo na fada daki. Wannan ya sa a kau da hani a kan rage daga cikin tank matakin. Bugu da ƙari kuma, denser tsari sa shi yiwuwa dogara kare na'ura tare da mun gwada low nauyi da kuma low silhouette, kazalika da wani karamin yanki na mai gangara kuma a tsaye sashe.

A sakamakon wadannan canje-canje ne gaskiya cewa tanada adadin "Abrams" shi ne 19, da kuma T-90 - 11 cubic mita. Amma mafi m tsari yana da disadvantages. Wadannan su ne wasu uneasiness tank da wahala kirga interchangeability juna idan ya cancanta.

kwatanta kariya

Mutane da yawa zai yi tunanin cewa idan da "Abrams" shi ne da yawa wuya sa'an nan makamai a kan shi thicker, sabili da haka mafi m. Wannan ba quite gaskiya. Rage nauyin da makamai zuwa tank T-90 taimaka wajen rage ciki juz'i na kama da wanda aka bayar da ake so matakin na waje kariya. Saboda gaskiya cewa girman da frontal tsinkaya daga Rasha inji ne kawai 5 m², da kuma "Abrams" - 6, ya zama ƙasa m, tun da alama na wannan lamba sosai high a cikin wannan ɓangare na dabara.

Rasha tank sanye take da wani "gani takardar", Ya sanya daga karfe, "Abrams", suka fara da wasu gyare-gyare - daga tsautsayi uranium. Wannan abu yana da wani high yawa (19.03 g / cm³), don haka da cewa mun gwada da kananan kauri daga cikin farantin an bayar a zahiri lalata fashewar yanayi tarawa jiragen sama.

T-90, ban da na al'ada, yana kuma da wani hadadden tsauri kariya. Wannan ba a kan mafi versions "Abrams". "Kontakt-5" - wani mashahurin kariya daga Rasha tankuna, aikin da makamai-sokin zargin da tarawa kudi. A hadaddun kai da karfi gefen bugun jini wanda damar zuwa halaka, ko a kalla, to gurgunta da zuciyar BPOs kafin zai tasiri a kan asali makamai.

A cewar Rasha kera, frontal makamai na T-90A free yin tsayayya ingress daga cikin mafi used a West BOPS. Domin wannan na musamman matukin nunawa da aka gudanar. Tank T-90, da halaye na wanda gwada baya a 1995 a site a Kubinka, kora wani mota. A shi saki 6 Rasha Zafi projectiles daga nesa na game da 200 m. A da dakarun da aka samu daga abin da frontal makamai nasarar msa da gwajin, kuma tank ya iya da kansa samun da kallo bene.

Bi da bi, jami'an Amurka sun yi iƙirari cewa frontal makamai na M1A1 inji ma nasarar msa da bombardment, wanda ya jagoranci su sojojin Iraki daga T-72 tankuna. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance m BOPS, sun soke zama a farkon 70s. karshe karni.

Kwatanta da makamai da kuma harsasai

Kamar yadda aka sani, babban makamai na soja kayan aiki ne a gun. Rasha mota yana da 125-mm smoothbore tank gun 2A46M / 2A46M5. "Abrams" dauke da makamai guda misali NATO 120 mm gun M256. Kamar yadda ka gani, akwai wasu bambanci a cikin zamo kamar, amma duk da wannan, duka biyu kida da irin wannan halaye. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa tasiri na tank wuta dogara daidai a kan harsasai amfani.

Rasha tank T-90, "nasara" ne mai yiwuwa ma bari wuta, ta amfani da harsasai na hudu iri: high-m, makamai sokin, tarawa bawo, kuma Ya shiryar da makamai masu linzami. "Abrams" yana da guda misali sa, kunsha na kawai iri biyu harsasai: tarawa da kuma makamai sokin.

Don magance maƙiyi dabara, yafi amfani da ɗan m BOPS-MBA 44 da MBA-32 da ciwon tsakiya na uranium da kuma tungsten gami. Ba haka ba da dadewa sun karin ci-gaba da makamai masu linzami iya tsayayya da frontal makamai na mafi kyau Yammacin tankuna da aka ɓullo da. Daga cikin su - da kuma MBA-48 "Kai".

Amma babban harsasai "Abrams" An dauke M829A3 zagaye da makamai-sokin projectiles, wanda aka soma a 2003

Kwatanta ikon shuke-shuke

Nan da nan ya kamata a ce cewa duka suna ta sha bamban da inji. A tankuna T 90A da kuma T-90SA kafa 1000 horsepower dizal engine, da kuma "Abrams" - 1500 m gas injin turbin, sanya a daya naúrar da hydromechanical atomatik watsa. A takamaiman ikon injuna a T-90 da kuma "Abrams 'ne daidai da 21 da kuma 24 lita. p. / tonne. Rasha inji yana da sun fi mayar da manyan ikon ajiye (550 km) fiye da Amurka. (350 km). Wannan ya faru saboda da ya karu yadda ya dace da wani dizal engine idan aka kwatanta da mafi insatiable da gas injin turbin.

Ikon shuka T-90 yana da wani muhimmin amfani - wani babban AMINCI da sauki. Samun a kalla a gwajin inji karkashin yanayi na Indian Thar Desert, inda aka ba rubuta ba guda engine gazawar. Game da US M1A1 tankuna musharaka cikin aiki "Desert Storm", da kwana uku, lalle sunã tafiya a kan yashi, daga 58 raka'a 16 ne daga oda. Kuma duk wannan ya faru saboda lalacewar da engine. Idan muka kwatanta haduwar kiyaye injuna na wadannan motoci, sa'an nan su maye gurbin shi, teams na kwararrun gyara bukatar: Rasha - 6, da kuma Amurka - 2:00 kawai.

Rashin watsa daga Rasha motoci ne quite low baya gudun - kawai 4.8 km / h, da kuma Amirka da fasaha, ya kai gare shi 30 km / h saboda da shigarwa na hydrostatic watsa. Gaskiyar cewa misali bayar da T-90 tankuna sanye take da wani manual watsa a kan tushen da m makircinsu juyawa inji, inda da nauyin da sanya wa mataki-board gearbox. "Abrams" sanye take da wani hydrostatic watsa da kuma wani sauyi inji tare da wani dijital tsarin na atomatik iko.

overall rating

shi za a iya ƙarasa da cewa babban abũbuwan amfãni daga Rasha inji a kwatanta da Amurka kan samuwa data a kan fasaha da sauran halaye na da T-90 da kuma tankuna "Abrams" su ne:

• mai kyau tsaro, ciki har da wani tsauri tsarin "Contact" da kuma KOEP "Makafi-1".
• kasancewa harbi manufa shiryar da makamai masu linzami zuwa nesa na 5 dubu m .;
• mafi yawan harsasai iri da suka hada da RP-bawo (ciki har da tare da shirya daukan hankali raka'a da kuma m fasa ..).
• mai kudi, wanda yana kiyaye ko'ina cikin yaki, bayar da yin amfani da A3.
• mai kyau zurfin shawo kan ruwa da cikas, da kyau fuska da kyau kwarai motsi.
• ruggedness da kuma AMINCI a lokacin aiki.

"Abrams" Har ila yau yana da abũbuwan amfãni. Su ne:

• m kariya.
• Aiki da yaki da controls, wanda ya samar da inflow na daban-daban data a real lokaci.
• m kadaici da ƙungiya kujeru harsasai wuri.
• mai kyau maneuverability.
• High takamaiman ikon matakin.

gwani ra'ayi

A shekarar 2012, latsa buga wata kasida ta Stepanov, wanda shi ne wani likita na fasaha sciences, da kuma darektan janar na JSC "VNIItransmash". Yana ce wani bincike na cikin hanyoyin da kamanta kimantawa na fasaha halaye na tankuna. Kuma, a sama da dukan, a nan an bã mu ga kimantawa da soja-fasaha matakin (VTU) mafi fama da jirgin sama, ciki har da Rasha T-90A da kuma T-90MS, kazalika da M1A2 da M1A2 SEP.

VTU lasafta a kan dalilai da dama: tsaro, na sarrafawa damar, firepower da kuma motsi. Sai cika Manuniya dukkan sama inji tare da wasu tunani tanki. Suka zaɓa da T-90A, wanda ke nufin cewa shi VTU = 1.0. Wadannan M1A2 da M1A2 SEP American motoci da aka kiyasta daidai da a 1.0 da kuma 1,32. Nuna alama VTU sabon T-90MS "Tagil" da aka bayyana a matsayin 1,42. A lissafin iya zama kananan kuskure na ba fiye da 10%. Daga wannan za mu iya cewa akwai wani real kusanci tsakanin matakan mafi kyau waje analogues da Rasha T-90A da kuma ta kyautata model - T-90AM.