A solubility na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ruwa. Ta yaya zan tsaftace ruwa daga baƙin ƙarfe?

Iron ne ba a cikin ruwa a cikin nau'i na divalent da trivalent ions. Yadda za a tsabtace ruwan sha da kuma ruwaye daga wadannan contaminants? Da ainihin matsalar for talakawa iyalai da kuma manyan sha'anin. Ka yi la'akari da dalilai a kan abin da baƙin ƙarfe solubility a ruwa, Forms pollutant kau hanyoyin ferrosoedineny.

Me ne ruwa daga famfo ne rawaya da launin ruwan kasa?

Iron mahadi ba da ruwa wani yellowish launi, sau da yawa wani m dandano, za ka iya ganin gurbatawa a cikin nau'i na ruwan kasa flakes. Wadannan mamaki - tabarbarewar organoleptic Properties na ruwan sha. Launi canji - abin da masu amfani da na ruwa kula da fari. Bugu da kari, akwai aqibar mutum kiwon lafiya. Adversely rinjayar da hanta yanayin, hakora na gastrointestinal fili, fata da kuma gashi inganci amfani da ruwa daga famfo, cikinsa da baƙin ƙarfe ne ba.

Ruwa solubility ne saboda ba kawai ga hulda ferrosoedineny daga kankara tare da wasu abubuwa a yanayi. Qara maida hankali Fe ²⁺ da Fe ³⁺ ions saboda da lalata tsari, wanda shi ne ci gaba a cikin apparatuses da ruwa bututu sanya daga baƙin ƙarfe gami. Bututun hankali zo a cikin disrepair, canja Properties daga cikin samfurin, wanda aka yi amfani da a samar da ruwa tare da dash na baƙin ƙarfe.

Mene ne solubility na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ruwa?

Chemical kashi, wanda aka bai wa Latin sunan Ferrum, ya fi na kowa a cikin duniya a ɓawon burodi ne a karo na biyu wuri bayan aluminum. A manyan yawa a duniya akwai adibas na pyrite ko kuwa baƙin ƙarfe pyrite (FeS ta dabara _2). Ferrosoedineniya faruwa a cikin duwatsu na volcanic da sedimentary asalin a cikin nau'i na hematite, magnetite, limonite.

A sauki abu na baƙin ƙarfe - a silvery m ductile karfe wanda shi ne insoluble a ruwa. Oxides da hydroxides, da yawa baƙin ƙarfe salts ba hulɗa tare da ruwa. Solubility a ruwa tattauna FeO saboda da ikon oxidize zuwa ferric oxide. Lokacin da mutane magana game da ruwan FeO bayani, da nufin abun ciki na ferrous ions. Wasu ruwa kafofin, wannan adadi ya kai 50 ko fiye milligrams da 1 lita. Wannan babban taro na wannan ruwan sha dole ne a tsarkake.

Iron samun shiga halitta ruwa?

Jiki da kuma sinadaran yashewa take kaiwa zuwa fragmentation, rushe da kuma lalata kankara dauke da baƙin ƙarfe fili. A sakamakon halayen faruwa a yanayi ake saki ions Fe ²⁺ da Fe ^3+. su rayayye shiga a redox tafiyar matakai. Divalent ion aka oxidized, shi donates wani electron da kuma zama trivalent. A solubility na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ruwa - shi ne gaban Fe ²⁺ cations. A sakamakon kai wani dauki bayani samu ta hanyar daban-daban salts. Daga cikinsu akwai mai narkewa, misali sulfates da insoluble (sulfides, carbonates). Deferrization lokacin da irin wannan ruwa mai narkewa nau'i ne tuba zuwa wani insoluble, flakes aka kafa, da precipitated. Divalent baƙin ƙarfe ne oxidised zuwa trivalent a gaban oxygen ko wasu oxidizing jamiái (lemar sararin samaniya, chlorine).

Rikirkida ions ƙarshe kai zuwa fitowan da resistant don kara hadawan abu da iskar shaka na ruwan kasa tsatsa, ta al'ada abun da ke ciki za a iya gabatar a cikin wannan tsari: Fe ₂ Ya ₃ • NH ₂ O. The barbashi qunshi Fe ³⁺ a cikin hadaddun na inorganic da kuma Organic abubuwa wanda ake samu a surface ruwa .

Shin ferrosoedineny ciki daidai a cikin halitta ruwa?

The yawa daga cikin sinadaran da rabi, da baƙin ƙarfe, a ruwa iri dogara ne a kan nau'in abun da ke ciki na ɓawon burodi da kuma jihar daban-daban kafofin. Lokaci guda iya zama ba ne divalent da trivalent baƙin ƙarfe mahadi, Organic siffofin kamar baƙin ƙarfe kwayoyin da colloidal abubuwa (narkewa da insoluble).

Idan akwai adibas na sulfate ores, shi ne mafi kusantar a high yawa za su kasance ferrous baƙin ƙarfe. A solubility a ruwa qara da zazzabi ferrosoedineny kusa volcanic yankunan. A tabkuna da koguna mafi girma abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe, idan akwai effluents metallurgical da kuma sinadaran da tsire-tsire.

Ta yaya zan tsaftace ruwa daga baƙin ƙarfe?

Don cire ferrosoedineny amfani reagent da reagentless hanyoyi. Dalili na mafi matakai ne hadawan abu da iskar shaka na ferrous ion ga trivalent cation. Hakazalika zo daga sauran impurities a cikin ruwa - ne tuba zuwa cikin insoluble mahadi kuma suna cire wani tace. Yana dogara ne a kan wannan manufa aiki na mafi m shigarwa.

Abin baƙin ƙarfe solubility a ruwa, m, tare da taimakon kida. Sa'an nan kwashe deferrization sunadarai: oxygen, chlorine, lemar sararin samaniya, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide. Faruwa sinadaran dauki of hadawan abu da iskar shaka, da kuma insoluble precipitate aka samu. Yana iya ba kawai tace, amma kuma cire decantation bayan ya magance tsari (ci da ruwa mai tsarkakẽwa sludge). A ozonization da chlorination lokaci daya disinfection (disinfection). An yi imani da cewa yin amfani da lemar sararin samaniya - mai alamar Hanyar saboda chlorine ne m ga lafiyar dan adam.

Mene ne hanyoyi na baƙin ƙarfe kau na kananan yawa na ruwa?

A cikin gida yanayi na sama reactants za a iya amfani da hydrogen peroxide da potassium permanganate. Ta yaya zan tsaftace ruwa daga baƙin ƙarfe, idan kana so ka samu a kananan adadin na wani dan gajeren lokaci? A lokacin da ƙara peroxide cikin ruwa sludge flakes fada. Wajibi ne a jira cewa shi ya nutse a kasa daga cikin tanki da kuma lambatu cikin ruwa, ko ya wuce da shi ta hanyar da aka saba tulun tace. Wannan kwace gurbata ruwa dace da sha da kuma dafa abinci.

Tare da girmamawa ga kwayoyin siffofin na baƙin ƙarfe ne m hanyoyin da aka jera. Wadanda reagents ambata a sama, da sauri isa precipitated colloidal barbashi.

Ion musayar kuma catalysis - hanyoyin da baƙin ƙarfe kau

Akwai tsayawar-shi kadai shigarwa, aiki a kan ka'idojin catalysis, ion musayar. Suna amfani da ruwa tsarkakewa a kananan masana'antu da kamfanonin da cottages.

Iron a catalytic tsari via udalat musamman backfill kerarre daga halitta ko roba feedstock. Tace don baƙin ƙarfe kau - a karfe ganga. Sanya a cikin cika da ruwa da aka wuce. The abu ne mai kara kuzari ga hadawan abu da iskar shaka na divalent baƙin ƙarfe, fassara shi a cikin insoluble jihar daban-daban siffofin.

Lokacin da ion musayar aka yi amfani da deferrization cation samu daga ion musayar resins, kamar zeolite (ma'adinai). A cikin 'yan shekaru, ta kaddamar da samar da roba kayayyakin for baƙin ƙarfe kau da ion musayar.

Me bukatar wani zabi ga reagents?

Clusive lokaci sinadarai suna amfani, idan akwai wannan cutarwa impurities - baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ruwa. Siffofin da na baƙin ƙarfe ne daban-daban, don haka wajibi ne don bincika mafi kyau duka bayani, da hanyar dace da tsarkakewa daga ruwa daga wani takamaiman source, ga wanda akwai ake saka tsari da baƙin ƙarfe taro.

Chlorination abu da suka gabata, wannan hanya da mummunan tasiri a kan ruwa inganci da lafiyar jama'a. Aeration ko enrichment na ruwa da iska - wani Hanyar ma bã tãre da drawbacks. Oxygen da aka wuce ta ruwa, da baƙin ƙarfe ne oxidized, da kuma insoluble precipitate flakes za a iya cire ta tacewa ko sedimentation.

Kau da baƙin ƙarfe ne da za'ayi ba tare da sunadarai - yin amfani da wani electrochemical Hanyar. The biyu wayoyin suna immersed a wani akwati na ruwa da za a share. A korau lantarki - da cathode - janyo hankalin kuma rike gaskiya ma cajin baƙin ƙarfe ions, dõmin su zama a wasu nau'i. Wani reagent-free Hanyar - da amfani da musamman membranes.

Kowace daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin yana ba kawai abũbuwan amfãni, amma disadvantages. A zabi na hanyar dogara a kan tsari a cikin abin da baƙin ƙarfe ne ba a cikin ruwa.