A Sanadin Faransa juyin juya halin, da shekaru, abubuwan da suka faru, sakamakon

Faransa juyin juya halin da aka sani a matsayin mafi girma a canji na siyasa da kuma zamantakewa da tsarin da kasar tare da cikakken kawar da cikakkar daular mulkinsu. A cewar masana tarihi, shi dade fiye da shekaru goma (daga 1789 zuwa 1799).

dalilai

Faransa na karni na sha takwas - shi ne kasar tare da cikakkar daular mulkinsu da jimlar asalin {a cikin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki Sphere. Ikon a cikin gwamnatin dõgara a kan soja da ba komai haqqinsa karkashin shugabancin tsakiya. Saboda yawa yakin da baƙauye wars a cikin karni na karshe, shugabanni da yin daidaitawa disadvantageous da kanka (tare da manoma, da bourgeoisie, da galihu azuzuwan). Amma kuma duk da aiki, talakawa sun ƙara m.

A farko kalaman na sãɓã ba ya tashi ko a zamanin mulkin Louis XV, da kuma kai da ganiya a zamanin mulkin Louis XVI. Fuel ga wuta zuba falsafa da kuma siyasa aiki na malamai (misali, Montesquieu ya soki lamirin gwamnati, ya kira Sarkin wani usurper, kuma Rousseau Radel ga hakkin da mutane). Saboda haka, rashin biyan bukata da balagagge ba kawai a cikin ƙananan strata na yawan jama'ar, amma kuma daga cikin masu ilimi da al'umma.

Saboda haka, babban Sanadin Faransa juyin juya halin:

• ki karbar kuma stagnation na kasuwar dangantakar;
• rikici a kula da tsarin.
• cin hanci da rashawa da kuma sayar da jama'a ofishin.
• m tsarin haraji.
• talauci worded dokokin.
• tsaoho tsarin na gata don daban-daban azuzuwan.
• rashin yarda cikin hukumar.
• da bukatar sake fasalin a cikin tattalin arziki da siyasa duniyoyin.

events

A bisa dalilai na Faransa juyin juya halin kawai gani da ciki jihar na kasar. Amma da farko impetus ga juyin juya halin da ya yi yaki don samun 'yancin kai a Amurka lokacin da Turanci mazauna tawaye. Wannan shi ne alama ga duka azuzuwan su goyi bayan ra'ayin yan-adam, 'yanci da adalci.

The yaki bukata babbar ciyarwarsu daga cikin baitulmalin aka ƙãre, ya isa gaira. Aka yanke shawarar kira da Amurka-Janar, domin gudanar da wani kudi garambawul. Amma da cewa shi aka yi nufi da sarki, da barorinsa bai faru ba. A lokacin taron a Versailles na uku Estate ya tashi a cikin 'yan adawa da kuma bayyana kansu da majalisar dokokin kasar, ya bukaci cewa Faransa kundin tsarin mulki.

Ta fuskar tarihi, kai tsaye Faransa juyin juya halin (ta saukarwa za a takaicce aka bayyana a) ya fara da storming na Bastille - wata alama ce da daular mulkinsu - Yuli 14, 1789.

Duk abubuwan da suka faru shekaru goma za a iya kasu kashi biyu:

1. Constitutional daular mulkinsu (har 1792).
2. Girondist lokaci (har May 1793).
3. Jacobean zamani (har 1794).
4. Thermidor lokaci (har 1795).
5. Directoire lokaci (har 1799).
6. Bryumersky juyin mulki (karshen juyin juya hali, a cikin Nuwamba 1799, Napoleon Bonaparte zo iko).

A Sanadin Faransa juyin juya halin a wannan karnin da ba a warware, amma mutane da bege ga wata makoma, kuma Bonaparte zama "mai ceto" da kuma manufa m.

daular mulkinsu

Korol Lyudovik XVI aka hambarar da 21 ga watan Satumba, 1792, bayan gidansa, kewaye da game da dubu ashirin na 'yan tawaye.

Tare da iyalinsa ya aka rufe a cikin Haikalin Ubangiji. Monarch zargi da cin amanar jama'a, da jihar. Louis barranta duk lauyoyi a shari'a, bisa kundin tsarin mulki, ya kāre kansa. Da shawarar da ashirin da hudu wakilai,, ya aka samu da laifi kuma yanke masa hukumcin kisa. 21 ga watan Janairu, 1793 jumla da aka kwashe cikin sakamako. 16 ga watan Oktoba, 1793 da aka kashe ta hanyar matarsa, Marie Antoinette.

Bayan da kisan Louis XVI , wasu kasashen da Faransa monarchists gane gaba Sarkin ya matasa dan Louis-Charles. Duk da haka, ya aka ba ƙaddara ta hau gadon sarautar. A cikin shekaru goma da haihuwa yaro ya mutu a cikin Haikalin Ubangiji, da wuri na kurkuku. Bisa ga ƙa'ida, a cikin hanyar mutuwa da aka jera a da tarin fuka.

Saboda haka, daga dukan yara da suke zaune a can ne kawai Maria Teresa, wadda aka saki daga kurkuku a 1793 a musanya ga Faransa fursunonin yaki. Ta tafi kasashen waje. A gida, ta ya iya kõmãwa ne kawai a 1814.

sakamakon

A sakamakon Faransa juyin juya halin, irin wannan cewa rushewar tsohuwar domin ta faru. A kasar ta shiga wani sabon zamanin da mulkin demokra] iyya da ci gaba da gaba.

Duk da haka, da yawa masana tarihi gardamar cewa Sanadin Faransa juyin juya halin ba su sa ran wannan mai tsawo da kuma jini canji. A cewar Aleksisa Tokvilya, wani abu da ya jagoranci juyin mulkin da zai faru ne da kanta tsawon lokaci, kuma dã ba su sa haka mutane da yawa suka mutu.

A wasu bangare na tarihi yabon muhimmancin Faransa juyin juya halin, inda ya lura cewa, bisa la'akari daidai misali, Latin America free daga mulkin mallaka.