Yawan jama'a da kuma yanki na Khabarovsk. Shiyyar lokaci, sauyin yanayi, tattalin arziki da kuma jan hankali a Khabarovsk

A Far East na Rasha Federation ne birnin Khabarovsk. Shi ne administrative cibiyar na Khabarovsk Abuja da kuma Far Eastern Tarayya District of Rasha. A Gabas, shi ne wani shugaba a kan ilimi, al'adu da siyasa. Shi ne mai babbar masana'antu da tattalin arziki da hedkwatarsu. Located a nesa na game da 30 km daga Sin iyaka.

Ina da daidai ne Khabarovsk? Mene ne sauyin yanayi na birnin? Mene ne yanki na Khabarovsk? bayanai a kan yawan jama'a na yankin babban birnin kasar ma ba a kasa. Har ila yau, ya yi magana game da tattalin arziki da kuma bayyana yankunan Khabarovsk.

Janar bayani game da birnin

Khabarovsk asali wani tsaka tsaki ƙasa, ba tare da wani iyakokin tsakanin Rasha Federation da kuma China. Shi ne kawai bayan da sauran yarjejeniya da jayayya ƙasar da aka bai wa Rasha Empire. A 1858, Khabarovsk da aka kafa, da kuma a 1880 ya aka bayar da matsayi na wani birni. Tun 2002, ya zama memba na Far Eastern Tarayya District.

Ya zama birnin da babban birnin kasar na Khabarovsk Abuja. Yana gidaje hedkwatar soja gundumar, 200 shiyya tarayya hukumomi, kazalika da ma'aikatar raya na Far East. Shi ne mai memba na Ƙungiyar na Siberian kuma Far Eastern birane.

A cikin cibiyar, inda Khabarovsk rarraba mafi girma a iska da kuma dogo kai hanyoyi. A birni ne dake kan karkata daga jihar da kuma a cikin wani daban-daban Shiyyar lokaci. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa tambaya: "Ta yaya da yawa daga Moscow zuwa Khabarovsk." An located a nesa na 8 da dubu. 500 km daga babban birnin kasar na Rasha, idan ka je da dogo, da kuma game da 6 da dubu. Km na jirgin sama. A halin yanzu, da raya kai ta Amurka. Birnin yana da biyu filayen jiragen sama, hudu Railway tashoshin, kogin tashar jiragen ruwa.

A sauyin yanayi da kuma Shiyyar lokaci na Khabarovsk

Mene ne sauyin yanayi a birnin? Ina Khabarovsk? A birni ne dake kan kudancin Sredneamurskaya filayen kwarinta, inda biyu tattara abubuwa masu kyau na gudãna Ussuri da Amur. Wanke Japan da kuma Okhotsk tekuna. Its ƙasa ne bambancin. A tsakiyar ɓangare aka located a kan m tuddai (Hills) saman teku matakin na 70-90 m.

Saboda da kusanci zuwa teku, da sauyin yanayi ne temperate Khabarovsk, tare da dumi, amma ruwa lokacin bazaar, kuma sanyi winters. A cikin hunturu, da talakawan zafin jiki ne a kusa da - 20 digiri, kuma a tsakiyar watan Yuli da yawan zafin jiki ne game da 21 digiri. Khabarovsk monsoon irin sauyin yanayi, domin kadan snow a cikin hunturu da kuma sanyi, a cikin rani zafi da kuma m ruwa sama sosai. A Janairu 2011, mafi ƙasƙanci zafin jiki na -41 digiri da aka rubuta ta hanyar forecasters. A lokacin rani na 2010 ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ma'aunin zafi da sanyio nuna wani matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki na 36,7 digiri.

Khabarovsk Shiyyar lokaci ne dake a cikin Vladivostok lokaci da kuma biya diyya ta 10 hours a hadewa Universal Lokaci (UTC). Bambanci da babban birnin kasar na Rasha +7 hours.

Yawan jama'a da kuma yanki na Khabarovsk

Khabarovsk yankin mafi sparsely lugar yankin na Rasha Federation. Yana yafi shafar cikin matsananci yanayi, da kuma tattalin arziki ƙi, wanda ya ci gaba tun da post-Soviet lokaci. Ga 2017, yawan jama'a a yankin na 1 da miliyan 333 da dubu. 294 mutane, inda yawan yawa ne daidai 1,69 mutum da murabba'in kilomita.

Duk da matsaloli, Khabarovsk suna karuwa a kowace shekara. A shekarar 2003, yawan mazauna ya 580 dubu. 400 mutane, da kuma a kan hikimar tantance lissafin a shekara ta 2017 a cikin yankin babban birnin kasar, gida zuwa 616 dubu. 242 mutane. A birni na biyu mafi girma yana da yawan daga cikin garuruwa na Far East.

The yawan Khabarovsk da Khabarovsk Territory manyan kuma bambancin. A 2010, yawan mazauna daban-daban kasashe su ne kamar haka:

• game da 92% - Rasha.
• 2.1% - Ukrainians.
• 0.8% - Nanais.
• 0.6% - Koriya, Tatar.
• 0.4% - Belarusians evenks.
• 0.3% - Sin.

Babban part (game da 65%) a cikin Far East - ne ma'aikata da kuma dalibai. Mutane da yawa mazauna da kwalejin digiri. Yara da kuma matasa sa up - 19% na yawan jama'ar, yayin da pensioners - 16%.

Khabarovsk birni gwamnati ne kokarin inganta yanayi ga iyalai da yawa yara a birnin: da samun ingancin harkokin kiwon lafiya, bashi da kudi taimako, fi na yara tsunduma a low-samun kudin shiga iyalansu, gina playgrounds, shuka itatuwa, da gõnaki Parks, da dai sauransu ...

Khabarovsk yanki ne 386 km². A birnin lullube tare da bakin tekun - 33 km.

A magajin gari na birnin

Khabarovsk Magajin tun Satumba 2000 ne Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokolov. Ya aka zaba domin 4 shekaru. A shekarar 1981 aka nada shugaban da masana'antu da kuma sufuri sashen na Railway District Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. A shekarar 1983, ya zama sakatare na kwamitin jam'iyyar Kwaminis na da shuka to su. M, 1986, da kuma sanya ta darektan.

A Khabarovsk, 1990, na farko da zabe a cikin City Majalisar jama'a ta wakilai. A. N. Sokolova zaba domin post na mataimakin kuma shugaban majalisar City. Da ikon haduwa da karfi mutane da kuma mai girma yi taimake lashe zaben. Tuni a shekarar 1993 aka nada mataimakin shugaban gwamnati a kan al'amurran da suka shafi tattalin arziki.

A lokacin da na biyu a zaben 2004, A. N. Sokolov dauki manyan wuri da kuma zira kwallaye 83,84% na kuri'un. Magajin Khabarovsk aka kuma zaba domin na uku, a karo na hudu a ofishin da kuma aiki a kan wannan post a yau.

A administrative rabo a cikin gundumomi

A birni ne zuwa kashi 4 gundumomi: Tsakiya, Northern, da kuma Kudancin Railway.

Kananan hukumomi ya kasu kashi gundumomi na Khabarovsk. A cikin birnin, akwai 5 administrative gundumomi:

1. Tsakiya - shi ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin administrative yankuna, birni sauka garin. A fannin shi ne 9.5 murabba'in kilomita. Ya bambanta daga sauran more ci gaba kayayyakin more rayuwa, m kuma beautification. Well-ɓullo da kai tsarin. Akwai ilmi da al'adu da shopping cibiyoyin. Yana da wani kogi tashar da tsakiyar kasuwar. Ga 2017 da yawan mazaunan a yankin, akwai 96 da dubu. 155 mutane.
2. Krasnoflotsky - a gundumar tare da wata alƙarya 91 dubu 997 mazaunan ..
3. A cikin Kirov yankin for 2017 rayuwa 53 dubu. 674 mutane.
4. A Railway yanki sanaki 151 dubu. 990 mutane. Shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin yankunan gabashin birnin. Yana da aka kafa a shekara ta 1938 a kan umarni na Koli Soviet. Da karkararta ne game da 9.6 dubu. Kadada. Akwai wani filin jirgin sama, tashar jirgin kasa, tashar bas da kuma wani soja Airfield.
5. Industrial yanki ne mafi girma. Yana zaune 222 dubu. 426 mutane. Located a kudancin ɓangare. A fannin akwai biyu manyan zirga-zirga hanyoyi da cewa haye birni daga arewa zuwa kudu.

Masana'antu da kuma tattalin arzikin

Khabarovsk shuke-shuke dokoki da girma daga cikin masana'antu birni. Akwai 86 babbar masana'antar kamfanoni. Main ayyuka:

• samar da aiki.
• samarwa da kuma rarraba ruwa, iskar gas da wutar lantarki;
• sadarwa da sufuri.
• injiniyan inji;
• karfe aiki.
• itace da man fetur masana'antu.
• yi;
• samar da catering ayyuka da kuma cinikayya.
• ci gaban ayyukan a filin na dukiya.

Tun da birni yana bukatar wani zamani kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma a cikin shiri na na zama gidaje a cikin birnin akwai wani inji don jawo hankalin masu zuba jari na dogon lokaci. A 2008, shi janyo hankalin game da miliyan 46 rubles na zuba jari ga gina.

A nan, Akwai game da 28 na birni Enterprises cewa aiki a cikin 7 sassa na tattalin arziki. Su dokoki ne da kansu daga cikin Gudanarwa cibiyar tattalin arziki. The adadin da dukiya ne daidai 13.1 biliyan rubles.

Khabarovsk birni gwamnati ta ɓullo da dabarun shirya domin ci gaba har shekarar 2020. Tattalin 60 niyya shirye-shirye, mafi yawan abin da mayar da hankali a kan tattalin arziki da zaman al'umma. Don aiwatar da zama dole:

• samar da mai kyau, mai lafiya yanayi domin 'yan kasa;
• halittar kimiyya da fasaha cibiyar a yankin.
• da samuwar cinikayya da kai dabaru a cikin yankin.
• kyautata na administrative da siyasa cibiyar na Rasha a cikin Far East.

Rail kai

A Far East samun saurin bunkasuwar Railway yi. A tarihin birnin tashar kawai farko da zamanin mai girma Romanov. Kamar yadda tarihi records, sũ ne suka aza na farko da dutse zuwa inda yanzu jurewa manyan dogo hanyoyi dauke da manyan lodi da babban yawan fasinjoji.

A 1891 da suka gina da Ussuri Railway, kuma a 1897, da hanya da aka gina tsakanin Khabarovsk da Vladivostok. A yi na Trans-Siberian Amur yanki ya sāke birni cikin manyan kai cibiya. Saboda haka akwai tashar jirgin Khabarovsk-2. Daga bisani, a manyan jiragen kasa yanki da aka gina.

Railway Station Khabarovsk-1 - shi ne wani fasinja tashar jirgin, wanda ya burge duk baƙi da asalin gine. Yana da aka bude a 1905. Located tashar a cikin tsakiyar birnin. A da ɗari da goma shekara da tashar da aka gaba daya gyara a kudi na birnin kasafin kudin, tare da taimako na gida patrons. Daga tsohon tashar kasance m sani tunawa E. P. Habarovu, wanda tsaye a kan forecourt.

birni kai

Khabarovsk yana da babban duniya da yankuna da muhimmanci a kai sadarwa a arewacin yammacin kasar. City ta haɗu tarayya batu na karauka "Ussuri", "Cupid", "Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur" da "Gabas". tashar bas da aka gina a 1893, wanda zai iya kula da ridership ɗari biyar fasinjoji a kowace awa. International bas connect da cibiyar da kuma gabas.

Tare da Amur kogin kewayawa dauki fasinja ko sufurin kaya da Amur kogin. Shipping tasoshin an sanya (duka sufurin kaya da fasinja) a cikin m yankunan, Far Eastern yankin. Birnin yana da kogin tashar jiragen ruwa kaya, fasinjoji - kogin tashar, na sarrafawa Khabarovsk gyara da kuma aiki da tushe na rundunar motoci. Down da kogin, fasinjoji aka koma da jirgin "meteor" kuma har da Tunguska kogin gudanar da wani jerin high-gudun jiragen ruwa "Zarya". A Soviet sau, da kogin Amur tafi cruise jirãge. A halin yanzu, wadannan jirage sun riga soke, duk da haka, shi ne quite yiwu cewa cruise Lines koma a nan gaba.

To ɓullo da iska kai Khabarovsk. Air sabis suna da za'ayi ta hanyar kananan da manyan filayen jiragen saman, wanda aka located game da goma kilomita daga tsakiyar Khabarovsk. Bugu da kari, birnin yana da wani database na jirgin sama gyara jiragen ruwa. Ta hanyar iska zirga-zirga masu kula ne iska tafiya zone Japan - Turai. A nan ne tsakiyar soja hadahada da Dynamo.

A birnin jigila trams, trolley bas, taksin da kuma bas. A tsawon intercity kai Lines ne game da kilomita 500. Saboda da hadaddun cibiyar sadarwa na karkashin kasa da kõguna da dutsen ƙasa a cikin birnin da aka ba gina karkashin kasa. Irin wannan shiri ya yi barazanar Khabarovsk, wanda a wani lahani iya tafi karkashin kasa.

Art da al'adun birni

Khabarovsk ne ba kawai wata babbar masana'antu cibiyar, amma kuma wani birni na al'adu a Far East. Yana bi birnin gidajen tarihi aiki:

1. Regional Museum. Yana da aka kafa a 1894 da taimakon da Amur reshe na Rasha Kasa Society. Kafin ginin an shigar da dutse kunkuru yin la'akari 6 ga watan. 400 kg. A shekarar 2005, cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ya bude wani sabon nuna Amur kifi.
2. Archeology Museum. A. P. Okladnikova.
3. City Tarihin Museum. Yana da aka bude a 2004. Akwai gidan kayan gargajiya farfado Khabarovsk tare da pre-neman sauyi lokaci zuwa wannan zamanin.
4. Museum of Art.
5. Soja-Historical Museum of Far Eastern District. Ya fara aiki a shekarar 1983. Akwai samfurori na soja da kayan aiki daga daban-daban sau.
6. Museum of Amur gada.
7. Art Gallery. Fedotov.
8. Museum na Tarihin Khabarovsk-1 tashar.

Tun shekarar 1978, shi aiki Tsakiya Library. P. Komarov, kazalika ta goma rassan. An kuma gina Yara Library. A. Gaidar da Scientific Library na Academy of Sciences da Attaura.

Monuments da murabba'ai

A birnin mai yawa yankunan da Monuments. Babban square na Khabarovsk - Lenin. A shi ne duk da farati da na birni da kuma bikin fice gida bikin. Ana gane matsayin da ya fi kyau a cikin birnin. A tsakiyar yankin na Khabarovsk - Tsarki square. Yana da aka bude a 1975. Yana da wani abin tunawa ga heroes of Great Patriotic War. Komsomolskaya Square - mafi tsufa a cikin birnin. A shekarar 1923 an sake masa suna a cikin Red Square.

A shekarar 2012, birnin da aka bayar da lakabi na girmamawa na Rasha Federation "City na Soja Tsarki ya tabbata." A girmama wannan suna da aka gina Stella. Its bude ya faru, a 2015, wato, da saba'in da tunawa da cika shekara karshen yakin duniya na biyu. A gindin tunawa da birnin gwamnati shirin a nan gaba don bude wani birni gidan kayan gargajiya kishin wannan batu.

A filin wasa mai suna bayan Lenin Kabarin "Black Tulip" a cikin girmamawa ga sojoji suka kashe a Afghanistan yaki da aka shigar. marubucin da abin tunawa zama sananne sculptor J. Cook. "Black Tulip" janyo hankalin mai yawa da hankali na yawon bude ido, ko da yake, abin da zan iya ce - da yan unguwa ba zai iya taimaka neman mayar da abin tunawa, yo wucewa. Mutane da yawa mazauna birni zo ziyarci shi, to girmama memory saboda yan'uwansu, ko abokai.

Kusa da filin wasa ne da wani abin tunawa ga kare birnin Young. A Kabarin da aka gina a 2004, a girmama wadanda aka kashe a lokacin yakin basasa 1921.

A kan wani dutse dandali ne da wani abin tunawa ga Kyaftin Y. Dyachenko. Yana da aka gina kawai a kan abubuwan taimako na gari. Kusa da abin tunawa ne a titi da cewa an mai suna bayan da mutumin.

sanannen jan hankali

Fiye da shekara ɗari da suka wuce, Amur gada da aka gina - shi ne mu'ujiza na aikin injiniya ne mafi girma a gada a cikin dukan na Rasha. Akwai tsari dogo da kuma biyu-hanyar vehicular zirga-zirga. Yana ta haɗu da bankunan na Amur River. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin na musamman wuraren a cikin birnin.

A yau Khabarovsk yawa kyau wurare cewa son ziyarci matsayin yawon bude ido da kuma townspeople. A shekarar 1983 an gina ban mamaki kyakkyawa da birnin kandami. Sun kunshi uku tafkunan cewa an halitta a cikin wani cascade kuma rabu da wani kananan dam. Suna yada a kore da kuma Inuwa lungu. A shekarar 2011, ya kafa svetoillyuminatsiyu da marmaro kayan aiki a cikin tafkunan. Yanzu da yawa mazauna tara a nan a cikin maraice zuwa ji dadin haske show, kuma a rana yawo a kusa da nan, wadanda suka so mai dadi gunaguni na marẽmari.

Har ila yau, a birnin waterfront su. Nevelsky ne mai alama. Amur dutse - da girman kai na 'yan kasa da kansu. A wannan kyakkyawan wuri shakata iyalan sau da yawa zo unguwa, sa'an nan tsara tarurruka masoya, kamar tafiya tsofaffi 'yan ƙasa. Amur dutse aka dauke musamman romantic wuri ga ma'aurata da kuma honeymooners, a cikin wani "bikin aure kakar" nan da nan hoton amarya da ango, da kuma mutane sun gaskata cewa wannan shi ne wurin ziyarci a kan ranar da bikin aure - to mai karfi da iyali farin ciki. Amur dutse aka located a cikin tarihi na Khabarovsk.

Komsomolskaya Square ne wani girman kai daga Far East - Grado-Khabarovsk Cathedral na Dormition na Uwar Allah. Kowane matafiyi ziyartar shi zuwa ga m kyau na gine na babban coci. A tsawo daga cikin haikali ne 50 m. Its farko nan da nan a fili gani a ƙofar birnin. A yi aka gina shekara goma, da kuma a 1886 na farko sabis da aka gudanar a da shi.

Muraviev-Amursky Street - shi ne wani sananne a tsakanin biyu na gida da kuma yawon bude ido da m ba kawai a Rasha, amma kuma daga wasu kasashe, janye daga birnin. An nan kiyaye sosai tsohon gidaje da cewa tsaya daga kan bango na zamani birni, ƙarfafu baya. A kan titi akwai da yawa jin dadi gidajen cin abinci da kuma cafes cewa bayar da kofi da wuri, kazalika da cikakken abinci a araha farashin, kazalika a nan shi ne mafi kyau a cikin cinema. A cikin shagunan sayar da Far East tsarabobi ga yawon bude ido.