Wanda ta kai ta Kudu iyakacin duniya na farko? Amundsen ta feat

Discoverers kudancin latitudes ba ko da yaushe a yarda da sunayen to tarihi. Wurare da dama a expeditions kawai da aka sani da sunayen su shugabanni, da barin wani abu wulakantacce sunayen da sauran mahalarta taron. Wadanda suka kai Kudu iyakacin duniya na farko, alhamdu lillahi, bar su sunayen. Brilliant balaguro, kai ya manufa, ya faru a 1911.

Roald Amundsen. manhaja vitae

Babban Norwegian, wanda ya kai ta Kudu iyakacin duniya na farko, kullum tafiya a cikin mafi wuya da kuma sparsely lugar sassa na Duniya. An haife shi a 1872 a cikin wani iyali na seafarers. Ko a farkon shekara a cikin hannãyenku daga nan gaba masu bincike samu wani ban mamaki littafin da J. Franklin -. Iyakacin duniya Explorer. Roald Amundsen da aka cika da ra'ayin zama majagaba, don haka yaro shirya kansa domin mai zuwa kalubale. Ya yi barci tare da windows bude har ma a mai tsanani sanyi, ya sosai unpretentious a abinci kuma kullum ya horar da jiki. Uwarsa so shi zuwa Roald kishin kansa magani. Ya aminci nazarin littattafan da suka halarci azuzuwan. Amma nan da nan bayan da ta mutuwa Amundsen zira litattafan da kuma fara shirya kansa domin iyakacin duniya tafiya.

farko tafiya

A kan ta farko da jirgin Roald Amundsen tafi shekaru 22 da haihuwa. Ya farko aiki a matsayin wani gida yaro a kan jirgin kamun kifi jirgin ruwa, hodivshem a Arewa Atlantic. A 1896, a karo na farko ya tilasta damuna tare da abokansa a high latitudes. Wintering aka kwatsam kuma unplanned, da matuƙan aka tilasta ci nasu takalma su tsira. Bayan ya dawo, ya yaba da muhimmancin m shirye-shiryen da wuya yanayi. Daga bisani, Amundsen ya iya wuce wani muhimmin jarrabawa da kuma samu ya tẽku kyaftin.

"Joa" zama na farko da sailing schooner nasu jirgin matafiyi. Tare da wani kananan ƙungiya Amundsen ya kan ta daga Greenland zuwa Alaska, bude arewa maso yamma nassi. Wannan tsanani shirye-shiryen ga tafiyarta yanayi a na iyakacin duniya latitudes yarda da shi cikakke ga sabon binciken, daga gare su, da Kudu iyakacin duniya.

balaguro

A 1910, tare da goyon bayan babban Nansen R. Amundsen aka shirya domin tafiya zuwa Antarctica. A saboda wannan dalili, ya aka hayar da jirgin "Fram", wanda ya kamata ya kasa a Antarctica matafiya. Hankali shirya da balaguro, kunsha na biyar mutane, 52 karnuka da hudu sledges, ke a kan tafiya. Oktoba 19, 1911 matafiya komai a fili a kan Ross shiryayye, kuma ya tafi zurfi a cikin garin kankara nahiyar.

Da farko, da balaguro ya lokaci mai tsawo a cikin wani m garin kankara jeji. Bayan tsallaka da 85 da daidaici da ƙasa ya canza - da hanya da aka katange da high kankara cliffs. A gindin cliffs matafiya kafa a kananan stash abinci hannun jari. Sauran kayan abinci Amundsen dauki tare da shi, kirga cewa ta Kudu yanayin iyakacin duniya ne kusakusa suke, da kuma hanya zuwa gare ta, kuma baya kamata dauki ba fiye da kwanaki 60.

By tsakiyar shirya lokaci matafiya kai a manyan gleiser, wanda aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa Axel Heiberg - tallafa na balaguro, Amundsen ĩmãni da nasara da kuma bayar da kudi mai yawa to rufe kudi. Daga baya a kan katin da aka buga sunayen wasu mutane, abokai da dangi. Kamar haka nan kuma ya bayyana a kan taswira na Antarctica gleiser Liv, mai suna bayan 'yar F. Nansen.

samun akwai

A tsakiyar lokacin rani matafiya kai bi da bi, wanda aka ba ziyarci tukuna, babu iyakacin duniya balaguro. A iyakar sanyi nahiyar, bude Shackleton, ba za'a iya sm yanayin alamomi da iyakacin duniya duka 180 km. Bayan wucewa na karshe kafa na daga cikin tafiya, da balaguro kai coveted batu a wadda ketare duk meridians na Duniya. Name duk wanda ya kai Kudu iyakacin duniya na farko, shi ya zauna har abada nasaba da sanyi kudancin nahiyar. Yana Roald Amundsen, Oscar Wisting, Sverre Hassel, Helmer Hansen da Olaf Byaland.

Da suka tsaya a kudancin batu na ƙasar fallasa matafiya bikin Norwegian flag da kuma wani pennant da jirgin "Fram". Ba da nisa daga alfarwa ta sujada da aka kafa tutar wanda Amundsen kafa nashi sakon ga abokin hamayyarsa - Scott. Kayyade da suka tsaya a Kudu iyakacin duniya, da balaguro koma.

A duka tafiya ya dauki 99 days. Wadanda suka kai Kudu iyakacin duniya na farko, cikin nishadi ko fara'a gaishe farko da jirgin "Fram", sa'an nan - a wani karamin gari Hobard located in Tasmania. Daga can, sai aka ruwaito a cikin jaridu na duniya, wanda shine kudancin batu na ƙasar da aka ci Filistiyawa. Amma Roald Amundsen ta tafiya bai daina ...