Tsari da kuma aiki na trachea

Trachea - mai da muhimmanci sosai ɓangare na numfashi fili cewa haɗu da maƙogwaro da bronchi. Yana da ga ta ta sauƙi wuce iska, tare da ake buƙata adadin oxygen. A trachea ne tubular m sashin jiki. A tsawon na tube jeri daga 8.5 zuwa 15 santimita, dangane da Physiology da kwayoyin. Amma kafin akai la'akari da babban aiki na trachea, ya zama saba da ta haltta.

Wajen da trachea wuri. A trachea fara a cricoid guringuntsi a game da matakin na shida na mahaifa vertebra. The uku na tube shi ne a matakin da mahaifa kashin baya, da kuma sauran - a cikin thoracic yankin, inda da trachea ƙare a matakin na biyar thoracic vertebra. A wannan sashe na trachea raba zuwa biyu bronchi, forming cokali mai yatsa - shi ne bifurcation batu, wanda aka lauye da aortic baka.

Idan muka yi la'akari da mahaifa sashi na jiki, da gaban shi ne wani ɓangare na thyroid gland shine yake. Cikin dukanin baya ga tracheal tube shi ne m da esophagus. A kowane gefen ne neuro-jijiyoyin bugun gini cuta, wanda ya hada da zaruruwa na vagus jijiya, ciki lakar jannayẽnsa da carotid jijiya.

Trachea: tsarin. Idan muka yi la'akari da giciye sashe na trachea, ana iya gani cewa shi kunshi dama yadudduka - ainihin mucosa, submucosa, guringuntsi bangare kuma adventitia. tracheal aiki, kamar wani jiki sashi dogara ne a kan tsari, saboda haka wajibi ne a yi la'akari da kowane bangare a cikin mafi daki-daki.

Mucosa - wakilta ciliated rabe epithelium cewa ta'allaka ne a kan muhimmi membrane. Cilia Kwayoyin matsar kusa da maƙogwaro. A abun da ke ciki kuma ya hada da epithelial kara Kwayoyin kuma finjãlin giya abin asirce a kananan adadin gamsai. Akwai endocrine Kwayoyin cewa samar da serotonin da kuma norepinephrine. Ginshiki membrane yana da wani yawa na roba zaruruwa. Akwai santsi, mutum myocytes aka sanya a cikin da'irar.

Submucosal Layer - a fibrous, sako-sako da connective nama. Shi ne a cikin wannan Layer ne da girma daga cikin jijiya zaruruwa da kuma kananan jini da cewa su ne ke da alhakin tsari da jini wurare dabam dabam.

Hyaline guringuntsi Layer aka kafa daga bai cika guringuntsi, wanda zauna kashi biyu cikin uku rabo daga tracheal tube karkara. Cartilages alaka tsakanin wani circumferential igiyoyinsu. Yawan guringuntsi a cikin mutane Range daga 16 zuwa 20. A kafa membranous raya bango wanda adjoins da esophagus. Saboda haka, da nassi daga cikin bolus ba ya tsoma baki tare da numfashi tsari.

Adventitia na trachea - wani bakin ciki connective nama daina kai hare hare da yake rufe da bututu daga waje.

Kamar yadda ka gani, da tankwara na trachea ba haka wuya.

Tracheal aiki. Babban aiki na tracheal tube - An dauke da iska zuwa huhu. Amma wannan ba duk da fasali na trachea.

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da mucous membrane an rufe tare da ciliated tracheal (ciliated) epithelium, ƙungiyoyi da aka mika wa maƙogwaro da baka rami. Bugu da kari, da finjãlin giya Kwayoyin asirce gamsai. Bayan lamba tare da iska a cikin trachea na kananan waje jikinsu kamar ƙura, barbashi kuma ya wajaba a gamsai motsi cilia aka fatattaki cikin maƙogwaro da wuce a cikin makogwaro. Saboda haka, trachea aikin wani m aiki. A hali na lamba tare da babban kasashen waje jiki tari reflex fara, a lokacin da trachea ne sosai narrower a lumen.

Kamar yadda aka sani, tsarkakewa da Warming na iska ya auku a hanci rami, amma wannan aiki daukan bangare kuma trachea. Bugu da ƙari, wata resonator trachea a lokacin jawabin saboda Firaministan iska da vocal igiyoyinsu.

A takaice, za mu iya ganin cewa, duk da mun gwada sauki tsarin, da trachea yana da yawan matukar muhimmanci a jiki ba tare da wanda kasancewar mutum kwayoyin ne ba zai yiwu ba.