Translation Lokaci: Past da kuma Present

Lokaci ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da aka gyara da cewa sanin rayuwar mutum, ko da kuwa su na zaman jama, kabila ko siyasa ra'ayin. A lokaci guda canza duration na hasken rana damar mutane zuwa artificially tsawaita ko rage tsawon haske, dauke da fitar da canja wurin lokaci saving. Duk da haka, a kan bukatar wannan tsari a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shi ne da yawa tattaunawa.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa na farko-lokaci fassarar da aka bada shawarar ta shahara American zamantakewa fafutuka, kuma masanin kimiyya Benjamin Franklin lokacin da ya aiki da Amurka wakilin a Faransa. A aikinsa, ya raha ta amfani da sauki m lissafin ya tabbatar da cewa da motsi zuwa tsakiyar Maris agogon sa'a daya a gaba, Parisians za su iya ajiye rabi na kyandir, wanda suka yi amfani da lokacin da shekara.

Don zama wani shahararren American sa'an nan ya mayar da martani tare da shakka da aka sani, da kuma matsalar da canja wurin Agogon hannuwa baya kawai a karni daga baya. Ta farko ta shãfe wani entomologist daga New Zealand J. Hudson, wanda kubutar da bukatar canja wurin da kibiyoyi a cikin spring for 2 hours a gaba, wanda zai samar da ƙarin dama ga m aiki. Wannan tsari Hudson da aka bayar a cikin wani nau'i na kimiyya takarda da aka buga a 1898 a New Zealand ta shahararriyar mujallar kimiyyar, wanda alama farkon shekaru masu yawa na tattaunawa.

A Turai, da canja wurin da lokaci kamar yadda na gaggawa bukatar aka farko tashe W. Willet, wanda da yawa la'akari "da ya kirkiro da adana lokacin rana." A cikin labarin "A cikin wawure na hasken rana," da aka buga a 1907 a Ingila, ya fara rubuce substantiated da bukatar irin wannan canja wuri, sa'an nan ya miƙa kowane Lahadi a watan Afrilu don matsawa agogo 20 minutes gaba, kuma a watan Satumba - to koma kome ta zuwa ga asalin jihar. Birtaniya kansu ba hanzarta yin amfani da tayin Willett, da farko Turai kasar, wanda ya fassara zuwa da adana lokacin rana ya fara, Oddly isa, Jamus, yanke shawarar cire bayyane amfanin a cikin hasken da fashewa daga cikin yakin duniya na farko. Duk da haka, kasar da kuma Entente gaggauta ci gaba da sama da enterprising Jamus ya fara yin canje-canje a cikin aikin sa'o'i a 1917.

A m shekaru, duka biyu a Turai da kuma a cikin Amurka da aka fassara isasshe tsanani zargi, don haka yawancin kasashe sun koma zuwa pre-yaki labari. Duk da haka, tare da kowane sabon rikicin tattalin arziki management manyan manyan kasashen duniya da sake koma da yiwuwar sau 2 a shekara don daidaita dials Manuniya, da gaskiya da imani da cewa a cikin wannan hanya za su iya ajiye a kan makamashi da albarkatun ya tashi sharply. Alal misali, a cikin Jamus lokaci guda fassara ta fara aiwatar a 1940, dangane da barkewar yakin duniya na biyu. Har ila yau, a shekarar 1973, dangane da farko na tsanani man rikicin.

Translation lokaci a Rasha bazara karo na farko da aka gabatar a 1917 ta musamman umurnin da wucin gwamnatin, amma tare da isowa a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara, da Bolsheviks dauki ikon, wannan hanya da aka soke.

A gaba gagarumin taron shi ne gabatarwar a 1930, da ake kira "da adana lokacin rana": da misali lokaci ne 1 hour da aka kara wa wannan shekarar, amma babu shekara yanayin da aka ba shiga. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1981 da Tarayyar Soviet majalisar ministocin kasar da soma wani umurnin da wanda sake gabatar maharbin translation a spring da kaka. Amma da "daidaitaccen lokaci" a wannan yanayin babu daya ba zai soke, don haka jimlar bambanci a Rasha a lokacin rani a kan ta bel Manuniya ya riga 2:00.

Don magance wannan halin da ake ciki ya kasance umurnin da shugaban kasar Rasha Dmitry Medvedev Federation, a cikin abin da gyara na sa'o'i a watan Afrilu 2011 ceton jihar shi ya zama na karshe. Duk da haka, ta hanyar yin wannan, Russia samu sabani da wani lokacin juyi a cikin wannan 2:00. Sun fi mayar saboda wannan, kuma ma saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin hunturu aka sharply rage tsawon lokaci da hasken rana, da muhawara game da ya dace da lokacin da canji a spring da kaka, koma tare da sabunta kuzari.