Thorax

Haƙarƙari keji ne wani ɓangare na waje numfashinsu. Shi aikin reference, motor, m aiki.

Thorax. tsarin

Wannan yankin ne ya wakilci daga tsarin da ciwon osteochondral kwarangwal. Akwai Lymph da jini, kwarangwal tsoka da alaka, da kuma sauran taushi tsokoki, jijiya zaruruwa.

Osteochondral kwarangwal kunshi goma sha biyu thoracic vertebrae, goma sha biyu haƙarƙari nau'i-nau'i da kuma sternum. Suna guda biyu zuwa juna ta hanyar daban-daban iri iri na sadarwa.

A cikin rami na tsarin ne kayan ciki: huhu, da ƙananan numfashi fili, esophagus, zuciya, da kuma sauran.

A thorax da aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na rashin amfani da wani mazugi wanda koli da aka yanke. Aka ƙaddara ta hudu ganuwar. Front kafa costal guringuntsi, kuma sternum, raya - da duwawunsu na hakarkarinsa, kuma thoracic vertebrae. A gefe (a kaikaice) ganuwar kafa ta hakarkarinsa, wanda aka raba intercostal sarari (intercostal sarari).

Haƙarƙari keji yana da wani babba budewa (rami) a daure ta farko thoracic vertebra, da babba karshen na rike da sternum da lakar daraja located a kan shi da kuma na ciki iyakar farko hakarkarinsa. A rami da aka tilted anteriorly. A gaban gefen budewa da aka saukar zuwa ƙasa a cikin shugabanci na tsari na da karankarman ƙirji. Saboda haka, a cikin lakar daraja breastbone ta'allaka ne tsakanin na biyu da na uku thoracic vertebrae a kan matakin da intervertebral Disc.

Ratsa cikin manya bude jini, esophagus, jijiyoyi, trachea.

Lower bude da aka iyakance ga jiki na goma sha biyu thoracic vertebra baya da sternum xiphoid aiwatar a gaban kuma ƙananan hakarkarinsa a kan sãsanninku. Its size da yawa ya wuce girman da babba budewa.

A fili na bakwai zuwa goma haƙarƙari biyu siffofin anterolateral baki (costal baka). A hagu da dama costal baka laterally iyakance kwana infrasternal bude downwardly. A da ganiya, ayi a matakin tara thoracic vertebra, shi ne da xiphoid tsari.

A diaphragm da ciwon wani rami domin da nassi daga cikin esophagus, da lakã, da ƙananan veins, rufe kasa budewa.

Daga cikin thoracic vertebrae a garesu aka shirya na huhu sulcus. Su ne m ga kirji bango raya rabo daga cikin huhu.

M costal baka ba elasticity kuma high ƙarfi daga cikin dukan tsarin.

Haƙarƙari keji iya samun daban-daban da kuma siffar size.

Movement of dukan tsarin ne ya sa ta inhalation da exhalation matakai (numfashi ƙungiyoyi). Saboda gaban iyakar da karankarman ƙirji haɗa ta breastbone, da numfashi tare da motsi na da sternum da karankarman ƙirji. Su dagawa take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a cikin agara-na baya (sagittal) da kuma mai gangara girma daga cikin sel, da intercostal sarari fadada (intercostal sarari). Duk wadannan dalilai bayyana karuwa a juz'i na kogo.

Exhalation yana tare da tsallake sternum, kuma da iyakar da karankarman ƙirji, wani gagarumin raguwa a cikin anteroposterior size, takaita intercostal sarari. Duk wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani karu a juz'i na kogo.

Chest deformity

Wannan sabon abu ne na kowa a yara. Biyu suna dauke da ya fi na kowa da irin iri: da mazurari da kaza nono.

A cikin farko case, da yanayin ne ya sa ta mahaukaci tsayawar sternum ciki. Kaza ƙirãza - wannan shi ne lokacin da bulging kirji. Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan zuriya da aka gano a cikin yi sau da yawa sosai.

Anomalies a cikin tsarin, ba shakka, zai shafi kiwon lafiya na yaro. Lokacin da mai danko da kirji sau da yawa ci gaba emphysema (a kullum cutar huhu halin da take hakkin numfashi).

Kamar yadda yi nuna, a mafi yawan lokuta, tiyata wajibi ne a lokacin da irin wannan nakasawa.