A yanayin hanyoyi dogara a kan yarda da kwalta bayar da damar gudanar da fasaha

Gaskiyar cewa irin wannan kwalta, mutane da aka sani na dogon lokaci. Halitta kwalta (dutsen guduro hada da wata cakuda bitumen tare da ma'adinai da kayayyakin) amfani da ko da tsoho Masarawa da kuma Phoenicians a matsayin m, a da gina gine-gine da kuma jiragen ruwa. Kudu Indiyawan Dajin Amirka amfani da kwalta yi ciki jiragensu. Kwalta aka yi amfani da Masarawa saboda mummification, da kuma a kan ta Gabas da aka dauke da wani magani. Bugu da kari, na halitta kwalta cirewa daga Tekun Gishiri gado, amfani da (kuma har yanzu amfani da) don ƙirƙirar varnishes da Paints.

Aikace-aikace na wucin gadi kwalta (bitumen cakuda compacted, crushed dutse, yashi, ma'adinai foda) a matsayin abu don hanya bayar da damar gudanar ya fara a cikin marigayi XIX karni a Turai da Amurka. A daidai wannan lokaci za mu fara amfani da kwalta, kuma a Rasha.

Hakika, tun da kwalta kwanciya da fasaha, da kuma da samar da ya halartar babban canje-canje, amma manyan ka'idojin zama guda.

Modern gina hanya

A mafi muhimmanci yanayin ga al'ada zirga-zirga ne tsari na yin m hanya surface Properties. Ba tare da al'ada yawa na zamani deben hanyoyi ne kusan yiwu ba, sabili da haka gina babbar hanyar mota ne mai fifiko ga kowace ƙasa.

Yarda kwalta kwanciya fasahar da ta dace da ake kai tsaye alaka da samar da ingancin iko da kayan amfani da su samar da kwalta pavements. Gaza bada hašin sakamakon a wanda bai kai ba gazawar da roadway.

A nasarori na kimiyyar zamani sa shi yiwuwa a ci gaba da inganta matsayin bangaren abun da ke ciki na kwalta, da kuma dukan aiwatar da samar da hanya ayyukansu.

Idan muka yi magana game da fasahar da kwalta, shi ne yake aikata a matakai huɗu:

• horo tushe.
• dumama kwalta zuwa laushi da shi;
• kwanciya na kwalta a kan wani tushe.
• Rolling-kwalta compactor for compacting kuma leveling shi.

Bayan kammala wadannan matakai, da kwalta dole ne wani lokaci kafin cikakken magance da kuma samun zane ƙarfi.

Wannan fasaha yakan haifar tsanani hani a kan tsari na ayyuka, yarda da yanayin da meteorological saka. Rashin bin wadannan bukatu (msl, illa stacking jerin ko a low yanayin zafi, a cikin ruwan sama) take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa matafiya zai šauki kasa da al'ada.

Ko m riko ga dukkan kwalta fasahar ne babu tabbacin cewa hanya surface ba ya bukatar kara tabbatarwa da kuma dace gyara.

A amfani da sanyi kwalta domin gyaran hanya

Wannan abu ya bayyana gwada da kwanan nan a kasar mu. An sanya daga wani al'ada polymer-modified kwalta da kara sanyi da kuma plasticizing Additives. Cold kwalta kwanciya fasahar muhimmanci simplifies kan aiwatar da gyaran roadway, tun shi damar yin a wani m zazzabi range. Yana za a iya shigar a low yanayin zafi (-15 ° ^C). Bugu da kari, hanya ayyukansu za a iya za'ayi a ruwa weather. Domin kwanciya kwalta sanyi ba ya bukatar pre-jiyya da kuma share fage da shafi gyara. Amma, mafi muhimmanci amfani da shi ne sanyi kwalta, - da fasaha na kwanciya wannan abu ba ya bukatar musamman kayan aiki. Shi ne isa zuwa ga zuba a pothole ko rami da kuma baje shebur, bayan da Polymerization tsari fara da kwalta taurare da sauri. Amma ga farashin, idan an kwatanta da kudin na lokaci-lokaci ana gyara hanyoyi tare da na al'ada kwalta, shi dai itace cewa da amfani da sanyi kwalta zai zama ko da mai rahusa.