The mutum kwakwalwa: tsarin

The mutum kwakwalwa samar da daidaituwa da kuma iko da dukkan jiki ayyuka da suke da muhimmanci ga al'ada aiki, da kuma iko da hali. Marmarin, tunani, jin - duk abin da yake da alaka da kwakwalwa. Idan wannan jiki ne ba su aiki, mutum ya zama mai "shuka."

The mutum kwakwalwa: faye hali

Brain - fasali tsarin, duk da haka, kamar sauran gabobin. kwakwalwa nauyi a haihuwa shi ne game da ɗari uku grams, a} uruciyarsa shi Tã daya da rabi kilo. Idan akai la'akari da tsarin da dan Adam kwakwalwa, za mu iya nan da nan gane biyu hemispheres cewa an boye a karkashin zurfi samuwar. Hemispheric rufe peculiar convolutions, faɗaɗa kan matsanancin medulla. Bayan - da cerebellum, da ƙananan - gangar jikin, wanda ke da laka. Kuma daga gangar jikin, kuma daga laka jijiyoyi reshe fita, shi ne domin da shi da bayanai daga rabe zuwa kwakwalwa ne drained, shi ne a gare su da mutum kwakwalwa aika sakonni zuwa tsokoki da kuma gland.

A cikin kwakwalwa yana da wani farin abu constituting jijiya zaruruwa cewa connect sashe daban-daban na jiki da kuma kafa a tsakãninsu jijiyoyi, har ya zuwa sauran gabobin, da launin toka abu forming cerebral bawo da kuma kunshi da farko na jijiya cell jikinsu. The mutum kwakwalwa da aka kare da kwanyar - kashi hali. Abubuwa samuwa a cikin sashin jiki da kashi ganuwar rabu da uku bawo: m (m), taushi (ciki) da kuma lafiya arachnoid. A sakamakon sarari tsakanin bawo mai cike da abun da ke ciki kama da jini jini, CSF (cerebrospinal) ruwa. Yana samar sosai ruwa a cikin ventricles na kwakwalwa - da cavities ciki da shi, da rawar - samar da mutum kwakwalwa da muhimman abubuwan gina jiki.

A carotid arteries samar da cerebral wurare dabam dabam, suka rarrabu a kasa a cikin manyan rassan cewa mika wa yankuna daban-daban na kwakwalwa. Abin mamaki, a cikin kwakwalwa ci gaba da na'am da kashi 20 cikin dari na jini circulating a cikin jiki, ko da yake sashin jiki nauyi na jimlar nauyi na mutum ne kawai 2.5 bisa dari. Tare da jini da kwakwalwa kawota tare da oxygen, da samar da su da muhimmanci, kamar yadda jiki ta mallaka makamashi reserves ne sosai low.

kwakwalwa Kwayoyin

Na sel, kira neurons, shi ne tsakiya m tsarin. Su suke da alhakin sarrafa bayanai. The mutum kwakwalwa ƙunshi daga 5 zuwa 20 biliyan neurons. Bayan su, da zuciya da sauransu gabatar glial Kwayoyin, wanda shi ne game da 10 sau fi neurons. Glial Kwayoyin samar da wata kwarangwal na jijiya nama da kuma cika sarari tsakanin neurons. Kamar kowane sauran Kwayoyin, neurons suna kewaye da wani jini membrane. Na sel mika matakai - axons (mafi sau da yawa a daya guda cell axon tsawon daga kamar wata santimita zuwa mitoci da dama) da kuma dendrites (kowane neuron yawa dendrites, suka branched da takaice).

The mutum kwakwalwa: sassan

Conventionally, kwakwalwa na kashi uku: da gaban kwakwalwa, kara, cerebellum. A forebrain ne zuwa kashi biyu hemispheres, thalamus (azanci shine tsakiya sami bayanai daga gabobin da yada shi ga azanci shine bawo) da kuma hypothalamus (yankin iko homeostatic aiki), pituitary - muhimmanci gland shine yake. Hemisphere - mafi girma a bangaren kwakwalwa juna tarin rubuce-rubuce callosum - katako axons. Kowane yammancin duniya yana da occipital, parietal, na boko da kuma frontal lobes. A akwati ya hada da medulla oblongata (ƙananan ɓangare na gangar jikin, wanda ya wuce a cikin laka), da pons (hade da cerebellum jijiya zaruruwa) da kuma midbrain (ta hanyar da laka ne motor hanyar). A cerebellum aka located a karkashin occipital lobes na hemispheres na kwakwalwa, shi iko da matsayi na akwati, wata gabar jiki, shugaban, taka wani babban rawa a samar da motor basira.