Mota na'ura. Description, aiki manufa

Mafi mashahuri engine daga waɗanda shigar a wannan lokacin, shi ne ciki konewa engine. Design da kuma aiki na da wata mota engine wajen sauki, ko da yake wani jam'i na sassan wanda ya kunshi. Bari mu bincika wannan a more daki-daki.

Total DIC na'urar

Kowace daga cikin Motors yana da wani Silinda da wani fistan. A farko thermal makamashi cikin inji hira ya auku, wanda zai iya sa abin hawa don motsawa. A daya kawai minti daya, wannan tsari an maimaita sau daruruwa, don haka da cewa crankshaft, wanda ya fito daga cikin mota rotates ci gaba.

Machine engine kunshi dama gidaje da kuma tsarin sunadaran da maida da makamashi zuwa inji aiki.

ne karkashi:

• gas rarraba.

• crank inji.

Bugu da kari, shi ya bi da tsarin aiki:

• ikon;

• ƙonewa.

• fara-up.

• sanyaya;

• lubrication.

crank inji

Godiya ga shi, da reciprocating motsi a cikin Rotary crankshaft jũya. A karshen yana daukar kwayar cutar duk da tsarin sauki fiye da a cyclic, musamman a matsayin karshe mahada watsa ƙafafun ne. Kuma suka yi aiki da juyawa.

Idan mota ba a wheeled abin hawa, wannan ginshiki domin motsi, watakila ba zai kasance da zama dole. Duk da haka, a game da wani inji na crank aikin cikakken barata.

gas rarraba inji

Saboda lokaci man fetur cakuda ko iska gudana a cikin Silinda (dangane da halaye na da samuwar wata cakuda a cikin engine), sannan aka cire riga shaye gas da konewa kayayyakin.

Lokacin da wannan gas musayar faruwa a wani adadin a shirya lokaci ta shirya tare da shanyewar jiki da kuma tabbatar da rashin ingancin aiki cakuda, da kuma samun mafi girma sakamako zafi saki.

wadata tsarin

A cakuda na iska wa Fuel combusted a cylinders. A tsarin karkashin shawara shirya wadata adadin da sauki gwargwado. Sau da yawa ciki da waje cakuda samuwar. A farkon yanayin, da iska da kuma man fetur aka haxa waje da Silinda da kuma a cikin sauran - ciki.

Power tsarin da waje cakuda samuwar yana da wani musamman na'urar kira wani carburetor. Yana da man fetur da aka fesa a cikin iska, sa'an nan gudana a cikin cylinders.

Inji motor abin hawa da ciki cakuda samuwar kuma allura tsarin ne a dizal. A cikinsu yana cike da iska cylinders, inda man fetur ne allura ta wajen musamman sunadaran.

ƙonewa tsarin

Akwai auku-ƙonewa a cikin engine. Diesel naúrar ba lallai ba ne, kamar yadda suka aiwatar ta hanyar wani babban mataki na matsawa daga iska, wanda ya zama zahiri zafi.

A injuna amfani da yafi a cikin wutan walƙiya sallama. Duk da haka, a cikin Bugu da kari, da ƙonewa tube za a iya amfani da aiki cakuda shi ne kunna kona abu.

Yana iya saita a kan wuta a cikin wasu hanyoyi. Amma mafi m saura kururuta ha ~ akar tsarin a yau.

farko

Wannan tsarin shi ne cimma engine crankshaft juyawa a farawa. Wajibi ne a fara aiki da mutum sunadaran da engine a matsayin dukan.

Don fara Starter yafi amfani. Godiya ga shi, cikin tsari ne da za'ayi sauƙi, da sauri da kuma dogara. Amma akwai wani bambance-bambancen da pneumatic naúrar, wanda aiki a kan ajiye ta matsa iska a cikin kwampreso karba ko kulla tare da wani lantarki drive.

A sauki tsarin ne don crank ta hanyar abin da na crankshaft a cikin engine aka cranked da kuma fara aiki da duk sunadaran da tsarin. Har kwanan nan, duk direbobi ɗauki ta tare da shi. Duk da haka, ba abin da saukaka a cikin wannan harka akwai iya zama babu. Saboda haka duk aikata ba tare da shi a yau.

sanyaya

Matsalar da wannan tsarin ne don kula da wasu da yawan zafin jiki aiki naúrar. Gaskiyar cewa konewa a cikin cylinders cakuda ya auku tare da saki zafi. Raka'a da kuma bayani na engine zafi, kuma dole ne kullum a sanyaya aiki kullum.

Mafi na kowa ne ruwa da iska tsarin.

Domin kullum sanyaya engine, wani zafi Exchanger ake bukata. A Motors da ruwa daya daukan da rawar gidan ruwa, wadda ta ƙunshi wani jam'i na shambura domin ta kawar da kuma recoil zafi katangu. Cire ne kara ya karu ta hanyar da fan, wanda aka saka a gaba da lagireto.

A cikin iska-sanyaya saman na na'urorin amfani ga filafilin kifi abubuwa mai tsanani, saboda abin da zafi musayar yanki ƙaruwa ma.

Wannan sanyaya tsarin ne low dace da kuma a kan haka na zamani da motoci da aka wuya kafa. M aka yi amfani da a kan babura da kuma kananan ciki konewa injuna da cewa ba ya bukatar aiki.

lubrication tsarin

Lubrication daga sassa zama dole don rage inji ikon hasara da ya auku a cikin crank inji da kuma lokaci. Bugu da kari, kan aiwatar da taimaka wa rage lalacewa sassa da kuma wasu sanyaya.

Lubrication a mota injuna ne, yafi amfani a karkashin matsin a lokacin da mai aka kawota ta hanyar bututu da wani famfo.

Wasu abubuwa suna lubricated by spraying ko dipping a cikin man fetur.

Biyu-bugun jini da kuma hudu-bugun jini injuna

mota na'urar na farko da irin da ake amfani a wani fairly kunkuntar range: mopeds, cheap babura, jiragen da kuma benzokosilkah. Its hasara ne da asarar combustible cakuda a lokacin da kau da shaye gas. Bugu da kari, da tilasta watsi da kuma wuce kima bukatar a shaye bawul thermal kwanciyar hankali ne dalilin da ci gaban rates na mota.

A cikin hudu-bugun jini engine da wadannan rashin godiya ga camshaft. Duk da haka, wannan tsarin na da matsaloli. A mafi kyau yanayin na aiki na mota da aka samu a cikin wani sosai kunkuntar kewayon juyin na crankshaft.

Ci gaba a fasaha da kuma fitowan na lantarki Bu yiwu su warware wannan matsala. A ciki motor na'urar yanzu ya hada da electromagnetic iko, inda da ganiya lokaci yanayin da aka zaba.

manufa na aiki

ICE aiki kamar haka. Bayan aiki da cakuda cikin konewa jam'iyya, shi ne matsa da kuma kunna ta wani walƙiya. Lokacin da konewa samar da wani superstrong matsa lamba abin da koran da fistan a cikin Silinda. Ya fara motsa zuwa ga ƙananan matattu aya, cewa shi ne na uku Agogon sake zagayowar (bayan da ci da kuma matsawa), aka kira bugun jini. A wannan lokaci, saboda da fistan fara juya da crankshaft. A fistan, bi da bi, motsi zuwa babba matattu batu, Firaministan shaye gas, wanda shi ne karo na hudu Agogon sake zagayowar engine - saki.

All hudu-bugun jini aiki ne fairly sauki. Don yin shi sauki mu fahimci yadda sauran abin hawa engine naúra da kuma ta aiki kage watch da bidiyo ya nuna aiki na ciki konewa engine na mota.

kunna

Mutane da yawa mota masu saba wa da mota, suka so don samun daga gare ta fiye da damar da ta fi ta iya ba. Saboda haka sau da yawa a yi wannan kunna na engine, da kara iyãwarsa. Wannan za a iya yi a hanyoyi da dama.

Alal misali, an san guntu kunna lokacin da kwamfuta reprogramming da engine an saita zuwa mafi tsauri yi. Wannan hanya na da biyu magoya bayan da kuma abokan adawar.

A mafi al'ada Hanyar da aka kunna engine, wanda ya yi aikin wasu da canji. Wannan ne yake aikata ta maye gurbin crankshaft tare da ta dace a karkashin pistons kuma a haɗa sanduna. Injin turbin kafa. yi nagartaccen magudi da aerodynamics da sauransu.

Mota na'urar ne ba ma wuya. Duk da haka, saboda da babbar dama abubuwa, shi hada da, da kuma bukatar ha] in kai tsakanin su, domin cewa da wani gyare-gyare da ake so sakamakon bukatar high kwarewa na wanda za su iya za'ayi. Saboda haka, kafin yankan shawara a kan wannan, yana da daraja shan kokarin samun wani gaskiya master ya craft.