The most ruwa tare lake a duniya reserves na ruwa - Lake Baikal

Halitta tafkunan, cike da ruwa, ya zama a kan lokaci kuma da darajar da bil'adama a matsayin haddasa yawa lalacewar da lafiyar qasa aiki tattalin arziki aiki.

A mafi ya bayyana abin da mu'ujiza ne Baikal - mafi girma a ruwa tare lake a duniya reserves na ruwan sha mai tsabta.

Yadda za a kimanta?

By abin da sharudda da ya kamata a kimanta da wata halitta abu, kamar wani lake, to ba shi da wani "babbar" title? Cif tsakanin wadannan ne adadin sabo ruwa da cewa shi ya ƙunshi. Shi ne a cikin wannan ma'ana halitta tafki kafa a sakamakon da iko sojojin da canza surface na duniya. A wannan bangare na Baikal - shakka mafi girma a ruwa tare lake a duniya. By yankin, shi ne mafi ƙaranci daga gare madubi shida kududdufai located in daban-daban yankuna na duniya, amma har da most of su - Lake isa,, located a kan Arewacin Nahiyar Amirka, yana da rabin gwargwadon girma. Wannan jiki na ruwa, shi ne wani ɓangare na Great Lakes, shi ne a fili a bayyane daga sarari, amma ko da tare da suke dauke da wani karami adadin ruwa fiye da a cikin lake.

daraja teku

Kazalika discernible 'yan saman jannati, shi ya dade da aka kira Siberians teku. A matsayin al'ada tẽku, a Baikal yana bays, straits da Reef yankunan da sashin da kuma tsibirin archipelagos (duk 27 tsibiran), da kuma most tsibirin - Olkhon - tare da nisa daga 12 km kara da tsawon 71 km.

Baikal - musamman muhalli tsarin kafa don adana da 20% na duniya reserves na sabo ruwa (ta girma - 23 zuwa 600 m ^3). Giant jinjirin tsawon game da 620 km yana da wani matsakaicin nisa na 79 mita da kuma matsakaicin zurfin, auna da taimako na zamani hydrological kida ne 1642 m. Shi ne mafi girma ruwa tare lake a duniya a cikin zurfin. Ko da talakawan zurfin da lake - game da 740 mita - fiye da matsakaicin na dukan manyan ruwa tare kududdufai na halitta asali.

The volcanic aiki da cewa tare da samuwar da Baikal tasa, ya ɗaga dukan kewaye yankin a 455 m saman teku matakin, da kuma kasa daga cikin ciki bugi 1186,5 m kasa wannan matakin, saboda haka, a cikin dukan duniya nahiyar daruna ta kadan kama hannun yaro.

Finely saurare tsarin

A musamman muhalli tsarin, wanda yake ga mafi girma a ruwa tare lake a duniya - wannan shi ne da tunanin fitar da kuma daidaita abun da ke ciki na dama abubuwa samu babu inda kuma. Cif daga gare su - Epischura baicalensis - Baikalian epishura - planktonic crustaceans dabba girman game da daya da rabi millimeters, sun shige ta wani Baikalian ruwa ta kawar organics, yin shi exceptionally tsabta da kuma arziki a cikin oxygen.

Musamman m ruwa in spring, a lõkacin da ta ƙunshi wani m algae, sa'an nan rarrabe tsakanin tsabar kudin a kan 30-mita zurfin iya kawai hana matalauta hangen nesa.

Sanyi da kuma ruwa mai tsabta da ya cika mafi girma a ruwa tare lake a duniya - .. The mazauninsu na musamman jinsunan kifaye, wanda mafi yawansu suna fama da, watau samu ne kawai a Lake Baikal, cikin shahararrun daga gare su, da almara Arctic cisco. Endemics fi yawa daga cikin mutane da yawa da tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa.

labarin

Nazarin kankara cewa yin up da Baikal kwano, masana kimiyya da aka ba a yarda su yi jãyayya game da lokacin haihuwar Baikal. Wasu jayayya da cewa mafi girma a ruwa tare lake aka kafa game da miliyan 20 da suka wuce a duniya, wasu ce cewa lake bai zama haka dogon - a kan goma shekara dubu, suka wajaba cika da silt da kuma juya a cikin wani fadama. Abokan adawar ganin wannan a matsayin duk da haka wani dalili magana game da exclusivity na halitta abu.

Babu kasa aiki version sa a gaba a "matasa" shekaru na Lake Baikal a cikin 5-8 dubu. Years, substantiate wannan da'awar da aiki na girgizar kasa aiki ya ci gaba a yankin na Baikal yankin.

Local kabilu daga wanda sunan hagu "Barghouti", kasance na farko da ya shirya a gaba na Baikal. Su aka maye gurbinsu da Buryats, harshen da cewa kuma yana da wata kalma cewa yanzu ake kira da most ruwa tare lake a duniya. Sunan Baikal - An ennobled da Rasha Cossacks, tafiya zuwa Siberian Sea a XVII karni, Buryat "Baigal". Daga cikin da yawa ma'anonin da kalmar - "mai girma tsaye ruwa", "m wuta", "allahntaka, da m jiki na ruwa," da dai sauransu ...

Babban abu - don ci gaba

Ko da a cikin Soviet sau, matsalar gurbatawa na babban tafkin fara kai gangami rabbai. Gina a kan bankunan na ta takarda niƙa ya zama ba kawai tushen gurbata tsarki Baikal ruwa sharar gida, amma kuma cikin hanyar deforestation a kan ta gaba itacen al'ul gandun daji, wanda entailed mafi tsanani matsaloli na shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Baikal yankin.

Wata matsala - gaban daga cikin fiye da 330 m aikin gandu na Lake Baikal irin manyan koguna a matsayin Selenga, qazanta a Baikal ruwa mai guba manyan birane na Mongolia da kuma Baikal yankin.

Duk da haka, babban barazana - al'ada na extracting albarkatun suna dauke free dukan take riba ba tare da tunani game da nan gaba. Ba lashe wannan hali zuwa yanayi, ba shi yiwuwa su fatan wani mafi nan gaba. Baikal - ma tsabta m lu'u-lu'u, ya gabatar da Rasha da kuma duniya, ba don kokarin ceton shi.