The bidi'a tsari a matsayin manufar inganta samar

A ka'idar, manufar inganta samar aiwatar da} ir} an dauki matsayin wani jerin matakai:

1) qaddamarwa da kuma aiwatar (P. Norman).

2) kimantawa qaddamarwa na gabatarwar, routinisation (J. Hage, M. Aiken) .;

3) fahimtar matsalar, da samar da ra'ayoyi, da gano wani bayani da matsaloli, mafita, da aiwatarwa da kuma amfani da (A. Myers kuma D. Margis).

The ƙungiya mahallin asirce matakai na:

1) conceptualization, yin tayi, yarda (yabo) da kuma aiwatar (J. Wilson) .;

2) The search for "tushen" na matsalar, da samar da madadin bada shawarwari, da kima na madadin mafita, zabin da kuma qaddamarwa na yanke shawara, yabo da kuma zama na yau da kullum (L. Cummings kuma M. O'Connell). Inganta da kungiyar na samar a cikin mahallin da m ci gaban da sha'anin, shi damar zuwa ware 3, saukarwa:

1. Production bidi'o'i - a na ra'ayi da kuma fasaha warware matsalar samar da bidi'a.

2. Distribution da kuma kungiyar ci gaban} ir}.

3. Amfani da bidi'o'i - su taimaka a cikin aikace-aikace, sabis. dashi bayan amfani.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa takamaiman abun ciki na matakai na} ir} tsari ya dogara da irin bidi'a da kuma yanayi na gabatarwa da bidi'a a cikin kasuwar.

Matakai na rayuwa sake zagayowar na bidi'a sun hada da:

1. Research.

2. Origin - manufar inganta samar da ko da yaushe ya auku a kan tushen da wani sabon ra'ayin.

3. A ci gaba da samfurin.

4. A ci gaba da wani sabon tsari.

5. Inganta kungiyar na samar a shuka - samar shiri, dubawa, ya dace a aiwatar da samar.

6. yadawa - gabatarwar sababbin abubuwa zuwa kayyade batu.

7. Amfani - yin amfani da sababbin abubuwa.

8. routinisation - da canji na bidi'a a cikin sananne masana'antu aiki.

A ra'ayi na inganta samar dangane da} ir} tsari, da shawara cewa, ya, kamar yadda wani tarin sub-inuwõyi:

1) Babban bidi'a aiwatar sababbin abubuwa da kuma amfani (ayyukan ci gaba zuba jari tsari) .

2) da sabis tsari (kasuwanci, shari'a da kuma kungiya, bayani, fasaha da kuma ilimi, kudi da kuma tafarkin support, software consulting, auka da kuma horar).

3) tsara tsari (jiha, reshe, yanki, na birni, kamfanoni).

A daya hannun, da aiwatar da} ir}, manufar inganta samar, noogenesis (halittar sabon ilmi) yana dauke dogara ne a kan Concepts na mutum m manifestations. Ya "implanting" a wani takamaiman kashi na yanayi na taimaka, bi da bi, da yanayi kayayyakin more rayuwa, yiwuwar iya yi bidi'a.

Ya kamata ware m aiwatar da matakai:

1) ƙarni na ideas.

2) kira na ideas tare data kasance ayyuka.

3) mai amfani aiwatar - halittar wani samfur.

4) da yin amfani da} ir} tare da "degeneration".

5) aiki bidi'a dropout m kwarewa, wanda ba zai iya isa manufa.

6) da vulgarisation na bidi'a - asarar mai yawan fakaice kuma ayyana Properties rakiyar capitalization na tara da taimako na kwarewa, da miƙa mulki daga Elite ake ji bidi'a zuwa ta tartsatsi amfani.

A karshen sakamakon aiwatar da aiki na bidi'a da hidima a matsayin wani karuwa a cikin ilmi. A wannan mataki, manufar inganta samar da ake bayar a cikin karshe da tsari, da kuma} ir} jũya a cikin wani yau da kullum aikin kayan aiki.

Saboda haka, aiwatar da} ir}, har ma a msar tambayar matakin da shawara, abubuwa a matsayin wani hadadden hadaddiyar sabon abu, kuma haka a cikin kimiyya wallafe-wallafe, da kalmar yana da yawa fassarori.