Spanish wukake: photo da kuma bayanin. Kitchen wukake, farauta da yawon shakatawa

Bari mu dubi abin da ya ƙunshi Spanish wukake. Ka taba gani a Navajo? Dukkan fama nadawa wukake ne ya fi shahara. Wannan tsari ne da uwar yanzu dabara wukake. Ya kamata a lura da cewa shi ne Spanish tsarin na fama wuka yana dauke da tushe: dangane da shi da aka halitta kusan duk wasan a kan short ruwan wukake.

swordsmanship

Mafi muhimmanci ma, da gwaninta na wasan zorro a Turai da aka ɓullo da a cikin Rum kasashe. A Spain, wasanni da hannu biyu manya da yara. A 1474, master na wannan kasa - fencers Panza de Perpignan da kuma Pedro De Torres - buga na farko buga aiki, ta kwatanta melee. A general, da Spanish makaranta ƙwarai rinjayi halittar wasan zorro tsarin a Turai.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa wani cinikin makamai a Spain ne ma sanannen domin ta da dogon tarihi. Takuba da makamai na wannan jiha sun kasance m cikin Turai. Tare da wani dogon bladed makami ya rare kaya, wanda ya a takaice ruwa - stilettos, Spanish wukake, rike da wuka.

Spanish kuchiyo wuka (cuchillo), misali - sauki kayayyakin da unilateral wasa. Af, don haka abin da ke duk kaifi makami tare da wani ajali ruwa (farauta, dafa abinci, shoemaking, da dai sauransu), saboda haka da siffar da kuma size kuchiyo sau da yawa bambanta.

Dag, sabanin kuchiyo, tsara domin fama da kariyar kai. Ta yi wani nauyi wuƙa da suka ci gaba Takobin da ruwa, ya kai wani tsawon na 40 cm. Externally Dag kamar kananan takobi. Spanish style of wasan zorro, "Espada y Daga" sãɓã wa jũna daga wasu a cewa master rike da su a hannu daya rike da takobi a cikin sauran - takobi.

Spanish yãƙi wukake

Da ban sha'awa sosai Spanish fama wuka Punya (punal). An tsara don amai da kuma daba. A mafi m ne wuka Navajo. Ya sosai rare a cikin dukan Spanish wukake. Wannan samfurin ne m dukkan Turai nadawa wukake, sanye take da wani kulle.

Da farko Spanish dogon nadawa wuka bai bambanta daga m Turai. A bude jihar ya aka gudanar na dogon liba, wanda shi ne wani tsawo na shank. Daga bisani, wannan zane ya zama wani classic ga mike Rezoji, da kuma cewa wasu masana'antun yin a yau. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa su aka hankali maye gurbinsu da more amintacce na'urorin. Kullum wadannan Rezoji barbers ba kawai amfani, amma kuma da likitoci suka gudanar da tiyata.

Navajo

Sunan "Navajo" ya zo daga Latin sunan reza - "novakula» (novacula). A kadan m bayan wani sosai tsawon liba a kan shank Masters da aka maye gurbinsu da wani ganye spring, wanda aka sanya a kan saman na rike da wuka. Wannan na'urar ya ƙwarai ƙãra amfani da wannan samfurin: su iya yin wani iri-iri na iyali aiki.

Knife rike Navajo a cikin sauki da siffofin, sanya daga rai guda ɓangare na ƙaho. Its ruwa nisa ne biyu zuwa uku yatsunsu da dabino da dogon takardar form. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a karon farko game da wannan abu da aka ambata a XIII-XV ƙarni.

Navajo wuka juya a cikin wani fadan makami da ajali ruwa ta hanyar littafai Spanish hukumomi, wanda aka buga a cikin XIII karni. Yana da aka a lokacin da irin wannan samfurin ya karbi widest watsa. Bayan jerin sarauta littafai iyakance 'yancin ƙananan castes: kuwa an hana su zuwa da nasu sanyi karfe tare da ajali ruwa. A XVI karni da ban mika wa makiyaya da manoma da kuma sana'a. Duk da haka, irin wannan hani a kan nadawa wukake ba sarrafa.

iri ruwan wukake

Navahos zane classic da aka gaba daya kera zuwa XVI karni. Major cibiyoyin, inda samar da wadannan wukake da aka mayar da hankali, sun Albacete, Valencia, Bonilla, Ciudad Real, Granada, Mora, Guarda, Santa Cruz de Mudela, Toledo, Seville da Jaen. Akwai aka kuma kerarre da kuma Spanish bayoneti ga Bindigar CETME L, wanda aka ci gaba a 1981. Kawai game da 60,000 daga wadannan kayayyakin da aka kera don Spanish Army. bayoneti ruwa ya biyu ruwa asymmetrically sanya, ta total tsawon shi ne 335 mm.

Shin ka san cewa akwai wata babbar dama iri Navahos? Tun da sunan "Navajo" - na gama sunan wani nadawa wuka tare da ajali ruwa, ta bambancin a cikin daban-daban Spanish yankuna aka kira quite daban: "herramenenta" (hakori, kuma Kakakin), "moyosa" (ƙaya), "pintxos" (spearhead) "Corte" (ruwa), "Abanico" (fan), da sauransu.

A classic version na wannan samfurin wuka rike da aka lankwasa da kuma Tapered ga ƙarshe. The ruwa da aka sanya a matsayin wani kunkuntar takardar. Bugu da kari ga na gargajiya nau'i, akwai biyu mafi iri ruwan wukake: karfi da kuma m, a wurin Asalin sunan "Albacete". Wani rare irin aka dauke Bandolero.

Long ruwa a ta tip aka Fitted da concave datsa ruwa, wanda aka sosai kasaftawa "ciki." A halin yanzu adabi, wanda ya gaya game da wukake, wannan nau'i ne da ake kira "ruwa tare da wani beveled butt" (a harshen Turanci Wallafe-wallafe - clip nufi).

mata a Spain

Spanish lady sosai kula da kare su da alhẽri da girmamawa. A cikin gwagwarmayar da namiji zaluncin da suka ko da yaushe taimake su da wani muhimmanci da ya jiɓinci - kananan mace Navajo. Yana da aka kira "Salwa Vigreux» (Salvavirgro - kula da daraja). Daga wukake maza shi siffofi da kananan size (a cikin bude jihar ta tsawon aka daidaita 15-20 cm) da kuma alatu kare.

Navajo mata sa a kan kirji a karkashin ta dress, ko a kara haja garter a kan ta kafa. A karshen Hanyar ya kasance mafi m. magani da aka boye a karkashin ta skirt. Amma idan shi ne saba wa kalmasa na uwargijiyarta zai tashi sama a wasu iyaka, a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin Ladies ya juya ga Navajo, wanda nan da nan ya kafa a motsi.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa Spain ne sosai na kowa aikin hannu wukake: Inertial da frontal ejection ruwa, m samfurori da nadawa rike, serpentine ruwa, da sauransu. Mutane da yawa manoma yi aiki a gonakin inabi ta amfani da Navajo da jinjirin ruwa.

iri Navahos

A wasu juyi na ruwa tsabtace Navahos folded cikin rike kawai rabin tsawon. Azahiri, irin wannan samfurin ba ya bambanta daga mai sauki short wuka ruwa, wanda aka kullum amfani ga kananan chores. Amma da zaran ruwa ya buɗe, shi ya maimaita da tsawon. A cikin XVIII karni, wannan naúrar aka kara raya a daina kai hare hare / rike da wuka Estaing halitta Admiral na Faransa Charles d'Estaing.

Saboda haka, da muka samu, Navajo - mafi girma na nadawa wukake. Matsayin mai mulkin, da saba tsawon da samfurin a cikin kumbura form ya daidaita zuwa 45 cm. Saboda da mai lankwasa rike Navahos jirgin saman soja iya ko da yaushe yi amfani da bindiga riko, wanda, a hade tare da wani m tsawon na rike ƙaruwa a sau da nisa daga wanda shi yiwuwa a neutralize makiya.

Sha'awa, wasu model Navajo bude matsayi kai mita dari (da aka sani ko da samfurori da tsawon 185 cm). Irin kayayyakin da ake kira "novahon" (navajon). Tare da novahona iya samu nasarar tsayayya da wani abokin gaba dauke da makamai mai dogon bladed wuka. Idan ruwa ne ya fi guntu fiye da takobi, wannan hasara da aka cika amfani da ƙwazo hat ko gashi, clamped a kan hagu na wani jarumi.

Navajo - wani karaya makami

Saboda haka, Navajo daga foldable iyali wuka juya a cikin wani karaya kaya hannunka fama: da rħshensa aka yaushe tam lazimta a fadada form. Kulle (kulle) da ruwa yana da tsari na karfe tsiri - a spring aka kerarre a matsayin rocker. Ta aka haɗe zuwa makama da butt.

A bude wani nau'i na kumbura a kan shank na ruwa da aka sanya a cikin rami a kan bazara da kuma hana mai haɗari nadawa ruwa. Q factor na yi na ruwa da aka bari by sauki gwaje-gwaje. A mafi m hanya don duba ingancin ruwan wukake ne da wadannan gwajin: sa a kan tebur daya ko a 'yan jan tsabar kudi. Idan, bayan daba da ruwa zauna abinsa lafiya da aka ba kafa, da kuma tsabar kudi da aka soke, sai aka dauke da cewa jarrabawa ne mika da kuma ingancin kayayyakin cikakke.

Wani lokaci Spanish wukake gwada yin amfani da wani katako block 5 cm lokacin farin ciki. A high quality-samfur, shi ya yi wani rami ta hanyar farko fil.

disadvantages Navahos

Ya kamata a lura cewa Navahos tare da wani zobe tsarin yana da nasa drawbacks: shi ya wajaba a saka mai yawa kokarin domin ya dauke da m detent spring - wuka mariƙin. A gaskiya saka da samfurin ya kasance sosai, da wuya. A nan gaba Masters kera, ba shakka, mafi m tsarin. Yana da aka yi amfani da wuri da zobe na musamman kananan liba (Basque retainer). Navahos kulle na'urar ya zama samfur na daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri ne kuma abin dogara iri kwa'di yanzu nadawa wukake - "Castle a kan butt ruwa» (mayar da kulle).

Daya daga cikin mafi m da kuma enigmatic bambancin da wannan ban mamaki sanyi karfe wukake an ratchet. Domin da farko lokacin magana game da su a cikin tsakiyar XVII karni, ga alama, a Seville. A shank na ruwa wannan model yana da 'yan hakora, shi ne wani lokacin da za'ayi a cikin nau'i na kaya. Lokacin da mai bude shi, shi ko da yaushe ya kashe halayyar sauti na "krrrak", wanda ya ba da sunan irin wannan Navajo.

Ayyuka na da shank ya zuwa yanzu babu wanda ya sani. Wasu masana suna jayayya da cewa sauti hidima a matsayin wani gargadi ga abokan gaba, da wuka kamar yadda idan ka ce: "Lalle ne Nĩ da ku!" Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa wannan na'urar damar masu amfani don m da ruwa a cikin wani nau'i na Semi-bude. Duk da haka, a duk Navajo-Carrack, tsira, abin dogara kam na ruwa an tabbatar kawai a lokacin da shi ne cikakken bude.

Da sandunansu, kuma ascetic bayyanar

Da farko, da rike Navahos Masters daga dukan yanki Kakakin: daga gargajiya Navahos suna da wani mai lankwasa siffar. A kadan daga baya, rike zane na irin wannan wukake samu sabon tabarau. Bayyana fakiti iri, sanye take da karfe abun da ake sakawa, wanda daukawa gammaye halitta daga m itace da kashi. A Tapered karshen tare da Tapered finial lokutta halitta, daga karfe, tare da daya ko biyu daga beads a karshen. Bugu da kari ga iyawa da wani m kwana samu babban daraja model tare da furta "Kink", sanya a kusa da karshen. Suna da wani takamaiman pommel - "wutsiya na kunama." Kananan ruwan wukake wani lokaci ana qirqiro da mike makamai.

Poor mutane damar da su zuwa da wata Navajo ascetic-neman, kadai ado wanda shi ne mai sauki ado, buga a kan ruwa ko rike. Sau da yawa amfani da ruwa barazanar inscriptions kamar "Da zaran ta wuka ya shãfe ku, babu likita ba zai iya taimaka maka", "Sevilla har abada tuna da ni, kuma maigidana," "gwauraye Mahalicci" da sauransu.

M Spain yarda da su, don mallaki mafi tsada samfurori, wasu daga waxanda suke da ban mamaki misalai na art makamai. Yawanci, wadannan su ne kayayyakin halitta da hannunka: Mu sanya su yi amfani da hauren giwa, da zinariya da azurfa.

Kamfanin Arcos

Amma mun zo da wani sosai ban sha'awa kamfanin! Spanish Arcos kamfanin ya bi sawun ta tarihi tun 1875, sa'an nan a cikin karamin gari na Albacete master bude wani kananan shop, wanda ke tsunduma a samar da almakashi, aljihu wukake da kuma rike da wuka. A tsawon lokaci, mutane tsaya ta amfani da rike da wuka, amma da mutunci kitchen kayayyaki, sayar karkashin iri Arcos, sana'a chefs duniya kiyasta nan da nan.

Yau Arcos ne a kamfanin a kan wani Turai sikelin. Yana yana da kamar wata masana'antu a lardin Albacete a total na game da 30,000 murabba'in mita. By girma samarwa na biyu mafi girma kamfanin daukan Arcos! Wuƙaƙe na wannan kamfanin a Spain ya dauki wani rabo na 60%.

Kamfanin samar da ba kawai da duniya model kamar sanannun "shugaba ta uku", amma kuma musamman - wukake ga oysters, cuku, ga kyafaffen kifi, kifi, boning, gurasa, da kayan lambu, "Japanese shugaba samfurin" kuma ko da kaifi makamai domin yanka.

Kamfanin Arcos wukake samar kwazazzabo! Bugu da kari, kamfanin yayi kowane irin gatura da ruwan wukake don samar da nama, Kaji shears da kuma m "share fagen akwatuna", wanda yana da duk abin da ka bukata don dafa.

Wukake m 'Muela "

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da makamai masana'antu ne da ci gaba a Spain. Ta sanyi da kuma makamai farauta bindigogi ne sananne a duk faɗin duniya. Mutane da yawa Spanish kamfanonin wukake kware a samar da kofe, kawai tsara don cika daban-daban ayyuka. Daga cikin su akwai kamfanonin da haifar da tsada da kayayyakin ga mafi part sanya hannu, da kuma kamfanonin da cewa tsirar da wani tsari samar.

Babban samar da wukake Yana located in Toledo da Albacete. Matsayin mai mulkin, nan ƙirƙirar sanyi karfe ne sosai m, tare da manyan tsaya a nan ba da sandunansu, kuma m zane, sabon abu ga Rasha dayansu.

Yana da wannan dalilin cewa Spanish wukake har yanzu ba tsiwirwirinsu Popularity a Rasha, duk da high quality-karfe ruwan wukake, mãdalla da ginawa da kuma kayan banmamaki da sandunansu.

Bari mu dubi wani musamman m, "Muela" wanda ya dade a iyali mallakar Muela. An ayi a Spanish garin Argamasilya de Calatrava. Yau a samar da ma'aikata game da sittin mutane na daban-daban fannoni.

Modern Muela wukake suna daga cikin mafi kyau a kasar nan. A kamfanin na da gidan kayan gargajiya na wukake, wanda Stores kofe na dukan kayayyakin. Bugu da kari, ga ma'aikatan wannan ma'aikata zõ da wani musamman jerin wukake, wanda ba batun don dadada: su suna sanye take da fadi da ruwan wukake da biyu daga dogon ruwan wukake. Cuttings na sandunansu sassaka daga hauren giwa ko katakon kanya. Ƙirƙira ko limiters hidima azurfa zaben 'yan wasa, sanya a cikin wani nau'i na shugaban boar, deer ko wasu dabbobi. The alama na wannan kamfanin ne siffar barewa ta kai "MM" rubũtacce tare da haruffa tsakanin ƙahoni.

Wukake ga nemi a Spanish style - manyan da kuma m, tare da manyan Tashoshi m kayayyaki. Su ake samar a batches na uku - biyar model, da kuma kowane misali yana da wani sunan. Amma 'yan dayansu amfani da su: da size, nauyi da kuma zane ba su dace. Alal misali, a Rasha ba su shafi farauta wuka tare da dogon wuƙa ruwa. Kuma duk da haka kowane jerin akwai wani model cewa a duk da sigogi - taro, tsari da kuma size, za a iya kira farauta.

Abin da sauran wukake farauta an sanya Masters na ban mamaki kamfanin "Muela"? Ya, sun samar da farauta wukake tsawon 245, 250 da kuma 260 mm tare da ruwan wukake wani tsawon biyu ruwan wukake 140, 155, 160, 170 da kuma 180 mm. Wadannan kayayyakin suna sanye take da iyawa, Ya sanya daga guda deer antler. Hannun simintin limiters shigar da hotuna na daji boar ta kai, kare, barewa da mariri. Wuƙa, ba shakka, quite m: su auna daga 0.5 zuwa 0.75 kg. Wadannan kayayyakin ba cheap, sai ku bauta a matsayin ado domin bukukuwan farauta ofishin ko farauta.

Kullum iyali kamfanin Muela iyali haifar da ban mamaki farauta ruwan wukake ga fiye da shekaru hamsin. Hakika, a cikin tsari na kamfanin akwai ba kawai farauta alamu yau. "Muela" samar da iyali da kuma hannu model, kaifi makamai ruwa, alatu aikin hannu wukake, kukri, tafiya kaya, kayan aikin da yankan da sauransu. Amma, ba shakka, sun kasance kullum da kamfanin ta forte wukake ga dayansu.