Society painters na farkon karni na ashirin. "Jack na Diamonds"

A nuna na 1910-1911 gg. akwai wani sabon rukunin cewa an kafa ta aiki artists. "Jack na Diamonds" - kamar yadda aka kira. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare daga cikin shahararrun painters Konchalovsky, I.Mashkov A. Lentulova, Kuprin, R. Falk wannan al'umma dade har 1916. A nan gaba, wadannan Figures ya zama shahararren Masters Rasha art. "Jack na Diamonds" - da ƙungiyar, wadda a gaban ta nune-nunen, collections na articles, da Yarjejeniya ya shafa da samuwar da kuma ci gaban Soviet art na farkon karni na ashirin. Daga baya a cikin labarin da muka samu daga yadda kungiyar ta aiki, wanda shugabanci a zanen shãfe.

Rashin amincewa da Impressionism

Mene ne manufofin biyã al'umma? A primary aiki na cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar "Jack na Diamonds" aka shawo kan Impressionism a dukan siffofin. Wannan Trend - masomin na m ci gaba da kuma a lokaci guda da hanyar da abin da artists bayyana kansu da kuma aikinsu. Wakilai daga cikin "Jack na Diamonds" bayyana rashin biyan bukata da Jihar harkokin cikin Soviet art: suna nacewa fada da stilizmom "World of Art", m zanen "Blue Rose", alhãli kuwa sunã kãfirai duk da ake dangantawa da asiri da kuma innuendo a cikin ayyukansu. The discontent matasa painters da yadda abubuwa suke a cikin art a lokacin, ya karkashin kafuwar: da tsarist gwamnati a Rasha ya kai ta ganiya, tã bayyana a lokacin juyin juya halin (1905-1907 gg.) Kuma a cikin shekaru na dauki (1907-1910 gg.).

A juxtaposition na "Blue Rose"

Contrasting trends a cikin symbolism na "Blue Rose", "Jack na Diamonds" (art ƙungiya) yana yin kokari domin hukunci magana da motsi na da mayar da hankali a kan sirri ji. Halittawa daga cikin al'umma suka nemi su tabbatar da cewa riba da na gani image kwanciyar hankali polnozvuchie Paints, sanyata dabaru na gina wani hoton. Kãfirtarsu da yalwarta da iƙirarin objectivity da kuma batun, wakilan shugabanci "Jack na Diamonds", kamar haka, asirce da Credo a gaban Soviet art.

Muhimmancin da har yanzu rayuwa Genre

Har yanzu a matsayin babban irin zane zo da fore. Artist Mashkov (1881-1944), daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar, a fili da kuma sama-sama aiwatuwa a cikin ayyukan art rigima m aiki ayyuka "Jack na Diamonds." A hoto na zane-zane ta "blue plum" - wani irin taken shugabanci. View daga cikin siffar 'ya'yan suya a barga, gyarawa, ma'ana abun da ke ciki, Yãna halitta bayyanar Fading a tsakiyar miƙa mulki: da albarkatun kasa mai arziki launuka ba da lokaci zuwa na ainihi launi yanayi. The artist ne m ga mai sana'a yi abubuwa. Fenta, marubuci-hoton abu, motsi kusa da jama'a art. "Jack na Diamonds" - Art Association, ta hanyar abin da na Genre na har yanzu rayuwa, da ikon aika da daban-daban da abun ciki, baƙi da sabanin wayewar, koma wani darajar high art.

Cubism a zane-zane da

Yana mamaye farko a artists "Jack na Diamonds" daba decorativism sãɓã wa jũna, tare da zane-zane ta hanyar Cezanne. Zanen Masters kasance waɗanda aka raunana sculptural form majiyai. A wani kokarin mayar da hankali a kan materiality na abubuwa, da artists biya fiye da hankali ga siffar massiveness na magana, da kuma sarari a wannan lokaci duba Heart da kuma mai hazo. Cope da irin wannan kalubale da ya taimaka Cubism - for zanen, Cézanne shawarar. Shi ne ya yi shawarar yin amfani na lissafi siffofi - shigen sukari, mazugi, Sphere - wajen tunani bincika hadaddun siffofin, kawo su kusa da Figures. "Jack na Diamonds" a cikin aikin koma zuwa taimako na wannan dabara. Konchalovsky (1916) ya zanen "agave" nuna zaɓi na karatu da kwarewa da wannan Trend. Wannan shi ne hanya daya da nazarin da na sarari dangantaka. Abubuwan a karye, nakasawa form daskarar daga cikin hoton sarari, kamar yadda wasu daga cikin tunani da batun. Abubuwa nasara da kewaye sarari, turawa da shi. Ya ƙara da abin nufi da wasan kwaikwayo. Abubuwa m, maƙiya wa mutum, kare da ya lashe a wurin.

Futurism a cikin ayyukansu

Tun tsakiyar 1910. tare da cubism matsayin wani muhimmin bangaren style "Jack Diamonds" yana farawa don amfani futurism. An sanannun Trend fito a Italiya. Jerin gwanon a mataki tare da zamanin kimiyya da fasahar zamani, shi ne tura kan da gabatarwar masana'antu rhythms a cikin artists aiki. Tare da samun "shigarwa" yana daukar kwayar cutar nau'i na guda ko harhada abubuwa ko da sassa, wanda da kamar daga daban-daban da ra'ayoyi da kuma a daban-daban sau. An abu motsi spontaneously iya zato gyare-gyare, Canza wurin da motsi na da batun (viewer). Hoto-panel AV Lentulova (1882-1943) "Ringing" (1915), da kuma "Vasiliy Blazhenny" (1913) ya kammala m misali na mai hade da cubic "Shift" siffofi da kuma sarari rabuwa da tsare-tsaren.