Shuka Haloxylon hamada. Saxaul: yawan hamada itãciya

Saxaul amaranth nasa ne a gidan na shuke-shuke. Waɗannan su ne itatuwan ko shrubs, kai wani tsawo na 12 m. Tare da karfi sosai Tushen shi da tabbaci tabbatar da yashi, kuma akwai wani shãmaki zuwa ƙura hadari, game da shi, kare canals, da kõguna da m ƙasar daga cutarwa mamayewa na yashi, da hani farko na gishiri Marshes. Har ila yau, riko da wannan matakin ruwan karkashin kasa, wadãtar da kwayoyin ƙasar, qara a hamada rangelands fodder iya aiki. Bugu da kari, saxaul - hamada flowering itace.

description

Kananan shrubs, bushes da itatuwa, tare da kananan ganye ko leafless kullum assimilate kore matasa harbe jointed partially deciduous fall. Bar wani lokacin m, m, subulate ko scaly, nuna ko m. Flowers bisexual. Fruit - mĩƙe winged-siffar zobe, dan kadan fleshy goro.

Shuka hamada saxaul rayuwa sosai dogon - wani lokacin fiye da shekaru 60 da. Tare da karamin gyara tsofaffin bishiyoyi suna da gwada m kasa ganga (da kauri daga tushen har zuwa 40 cm). A akwati ne hanzari ƙunci up.

girma wuri

Black saxaul - hamada shuke-shuke hali na gishiri Marshes da Sands na Turkestan. Kuma samu a Mongolia. Yana Forms manyan thickets da yashi yankunan Turkestan.

Itace ke tsiro a cikin hamadar. Akwai 2 main iri saxaul: da fari da baki.

saxaul fari

Shuka hamada saxaul fari - babban shrub, kai 2.5 m ba ga tsawo, a kalla 5 m Its ganye ne a cikin nau'i na kananan flakes .. Fine, lokaci-lokaci ko da guda feed raƙuma ko'ina cikin shekara. Sun ci da girma da kuma kore twigs. Raƙuma zai iya cinye bushes zuwa tsawo na 3 m, kuma a daji don samu 12 kilogiram na abinci. Tumaki suna kawai auku a kasa twigs da bushe ganye (har zuwa kilo da daji). A farin saxaul sinadirai masu darajar high: 100 kg na abinci ƙunshi har zuwa 52,3 feed raka'a da kuma 3.7 kg na gina jiki.

baki saxaul

Shahararren hamada shuka Haloxylon baki - shi ne mai manyan shrub, kai 7 m ga tsawo, tare da wani sosai sashe akwati. Propagated da tsaba. Sau da yawa shi Forms saxaul gandun daji. Tsiro a Asiya ta tsakiya, mafi musamman a tsuwurwurta. Yana tsiro mafi kyau a loamy da yashi-loamy m kasa tare da mai kyau tacewa iya aiki, musamman a gaban ƙasa ruwa.

Gana a kan takyr sierozems da takyrs nan ko kasa iko siffofin thickets. Featuring manyan dauke iya aiki, namo shi a cikin nau'i na tube na makiyaya qara yawan aiki na fodder shuka taro a makiyaya da cewa su ne a wani wuri kusa da nan. Sprigs na shuke-shuke cinye ta raƙuma mafi readily fiye da fari, yayin da suka sami fiye da hannun jari na fodder.

HALOXYLON AMMODENDRON

Rstenie pustyni saksaul zaysansky inogda rassmatrivaetsya how views chornogo saksaula. Ya ke tsiro a kan Saline da yashi kasa. Ya karfi mai lankwasa da kuma branched akwati. A rassan suna rufe da dogon, siririn kore rassan, wanda ya maye gurbin cikin ganyayyaki. Su an rage wa kananan flakes. A furanni ne inconspicuous, kananan, a zaune a cikin axils na da Sikeli. 5 kunshi free ganye, 5 stamens da pistil 1 ciwon har zuwa 5 stigmas.

A kwai ne daya ovule, wanda tasowa a cikin wani iri da tayi nada karkace. Its itace ne da wuya, a lokaci guda m, a kan crafts ba lallai ba ne, ko da yake ba kyau kwarai man fetur. Saxaul tsiro sannu a hankali, kuma an sabunta da wahala, ana sare. A Iran, Afghanistan, Spain da kuma Arewacin Afrika, akwai sauran iri shuke-shuke, amma suna da yawa ƙasa da na kowa.

da yin amfani da

Desert shuka Haloxylon, mafi daidai, ta haushi shi ne mafi kyau man fetur quality. Yana da matukar nauyi kuma m, yana da matukar wuya a yanka kuma yanke, don haka da cewa ta fasa. Don samar da calorie da shi ta fi gaban itacen oak, Birch, kuma ko da daban-daban na kasa-kasa da kwal. Daga shi ƙona itace, kwal ne sosai m, wanda aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin daban-daban masana'antu. Desert shuka Haloxylon dogon lokaci a tsakiyar nahiyar Asiya ne kawai man fetur. Ya yi damƙar tumɓukakku ne, sun barke da aka dauka a kan raƙuma daga cikin hamada. Kamar wancan ne da Sands da suke bã tãre da bonding na itacen da saiwoyinsa, zama da sauƙi flutter a cikin iska, karatu a tashin sa'an nan ya juya a cikin dunes.

Shuka amfani a kan Railways, a cikin kauyuka da kuma duwãtsu. Rassan da kututturan saxaul, da su wuce yarda da mummuna, je da gina gidaje, kazalika da kayyade rijiyoyin.

Saksaul ma kira wani Scout na ruwa: a wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa kusa da surface da kuma fara girma da tsayi da kuma siririn itatuwa saxaul. A babban yawan shuke-shuke tushen matsa lamba kai 5 atmospheres, tare da saxaul up riga 100! Tare da irin ikon da shi fa, tã daga ƙasa hatsi danshi.

Bugu da kari, saxaul ne na tattalin arziki muhimmanci a cikin aiki cin gaban dabba husbandry, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci na da rassan - daga Karakul.

Ganin ganye Rasha, saksaul ya kamata a kasaftawa dabam. An kunshe a cikin abinci na manyan gerbils. Cinyewa shi harbe a matsayin abinci, gerbil iya nuna wani gagarumin biomass na rarrabuwa, game da shi, nishadantarwa da dama gona da dabbobi a wani m dangantaka. Kamar bĩga aiki na dabbobi da wani mummunan sakamako a kan shuka kamar yadda suka mutu, idan dabbobi ne gamsu da shurinta jam'iyya kai tsaye daga ƙarƙashinsu su.

The "kasuwanci" surface motsa girma gerbils, located a wani babba nesa tsakanin saxaul plantings ne wata ila don taka muhimmiyar rawa, game da shi, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da jari kwayoyin halitta da kuma danshi shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin ƙasa. Da babbar gerbil, duk da haka, wucin gadi shuka shuke-shuke a cikin wani gypsum-hamada detritus kamata a kai a kai gudanar da musamman hallakaswa matakan, kamar yadda wannan zai tabbatar da adana amfanin gona.