Shin Spot a kan Sun shafi da ya faru na pigmented aibobi a kan fata

Da cewa mu luminary daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayyana duhu alamu, ya ce, karin magana, bayyana ra'ayin cewa a duniya babu wanda kuma bãbu abin da yake cikakke: "Kuma a kan rana akwai aibobi." Irin mamaki da aka lura na dogon lokaci, da kuma tsirara ido, kuma shi Tarihi bãyar da shaida. Alal misali, Rasha tarihin ambaci cewa sunspots aka gani "Ako da kusoshi." Lalle ne, idan ya kalli babban star na tsarin mu ta hanyar da kyafaffen gilashi, za ka iya ganin 'yan maki, wani lokacin tara a guda ya fi girma ko karami. Menene wannan sabon abu, da kuma abin da tasiri yana da ga cikin mutane na Duniya?

Da farko, dole ne a ce cewa domin a gani ba tare da wani kawo nesa kusa spots a kan rana, ya kamata su yi diamita ba kasa da ɗari da dubu kilomita, wanda shi ne dama dubun sau da girman duniya tamu. Kuma a fili yake cewa irin wannan babbar cataclysm ba zai wuce ba a gane shi da duniya, saboda rayuwa a wannan duniya tamu dogara ne a kan makamashin hasken rana. Saboda haka abin da ya faru a can, a kan surface na wuta, ga miliyoyin kilomita tafi? Wannan tambaya aka tambaye shi a gaban mutane. Galileo Galiley sketched lura duhu spots, da kuma lura da cewa, ba su da kama. Sun kunshi, kamar yadda da ya kasance daga cikin baki core (Galileo kira shi shadow) da kuma dushe da'irar (da penumbra).

A m masanin kimiyya daya daga cikin na farko ya lura da cewa sunspots ne kiyaye ba uniform a ko'ina, kuma a cikin tsakiyar latitudes. Suka ze fãra a zura sandunan, sa'an nan "slide" to ekweita, amma ba mai kaiwa gare shi. A 1841, masana kimiyya kammala da cewa irin wannan "tabo" na haske yana mai mita - game da shekaru 11. Da farko, da akwai 'yan, warwatse, kananan maki, sa'an nan akwai more, suka congregate a kungiyoyin a cikinsa akwai biyu giant duhu saman - a kan gabashin da kuma yammacin gefen kungiyar. Bayan karantar a cikin karni na ashirin, da polarity daga wadannan mamaki, masana kimiyya sun ƙarasa da cewa su ne - kamar yadda biyu daura da sandunan da wani maganadisu.

Me ya sa na sami wani tabo a kan Sun? Bokaye shirki wannan sabon abu tare da kara Magnetic filin star aiki (wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yana da wata periodicity na 11 years). Ingantaccen wurare dabam dabam da hasken rana jini watsi prominences m faru na aiwatar samar da Magnetic filayen. Wannan, bi da bi, take kaiwa zuwa da cewa a wani musamman wuri dama ga zafin jiki na abu da rabi dubu digiri idan aka kwatanta da suke kewaye da farfajiya na photosphere. Tun da radiation a "sanyi" wuri raunana, idanunmu gane wannan yanki a matsayin wani duhu tabo.

Ko wasa rawar bayyanarsa da kuma bace duhu spots a kan hasken rana faifai a kan talakawa tafarkin rayuwa a duniya? A nasu, mai yiwuwa ba. Amma kamar yadda sunspots nuna kara aiki na taurari, da suka zama a matsayin "hadari gargadi" domin mu maza. Magnetic hadari da karfi kwarara daga cikin barbashi rinjayar ba kawai da karuwa a jini da cewa shi ne fraught ga hawan jinni da marasa lafiya ba kawai kara hadarin zuciya harin a cikin wadanda yiwuwa a gare su, amma kuma ta kai ga ciwon kai da kuma jin gaji m quite lafiya mutane. Bugu da ƙari, cikin hasken rana aiki ne iya ko hana aikin translational hasumiya, saboda da matukan jirgin da kuma ƙasa masu kula rushe mobile sadarwa.

Amma da duhu spots daga rana dogara sosai a kaikaice. Cutaneous kashi alhakin melanin da kuma fata duhun (as total kunar rana a jiki ko a matsayin duhu aya), aka samar da ultraviolet radiation. A mafi muka sha wadannan haskoki, da mafi melanin fata samar. Amma mu daukan hotuna zuwa UV taguwar ruwa dogara, a maimakon haka, ba da rana, da kuma daga cikin kariya da Duniya ta yanayi Layer. The m lemar sararin samaniya rami - a sakamakon mu ƙyale na da lafiyar qasa - attenuate da m Layer da yanayi, don haka da inganta ultraviolet sakawa a iska mai guba. Yana da muhimmanci yanayi hawa da sauka a cikin yanayi zazzabi. Alal misali, a cikin spring (May - Yuni), da babba yadudduka ba tukuna warmed up, kuma da rana ta fito riga high. Saboda haka iya Tan - mafiya hatsari: shi zai iya kai wa ga maras so spots da kunar rana a jiki.