Shahararren Jacques-Iv Kusto? Biography, bincike, ƙirƙirãwa

Jacques-Yves - da aka sani oceanographer, daukar hoto, kirkiro (ciki har da farko aqualung) dabaru. Bugu da kari, wannan mutum ne marubucin littattafai masu yawa da kuma fina-finai. Game da abin da ya shahara Jacques-Iv Kusto, kuma za mu yi magana a yau.

Origin, yara

Future Ocean Explorer aka haife Yuni 11, 1910 a Faransa (Saint-Andre-de-Kyubzak). Uba Jacques-Yves ya lauya. Cousteau a cikin matasa sanya da yawa daga tafiya, kuma daga wani wuri shekaru koya wa iyo. Duk da haka, saboda rashin lafiya, ya rasa nauyi, don haka likita bai bayar da shawarar da yaron girma jiki exertion.

Cousteau iyali daga 1920 zuwa 1922, ta rayu kuma ya yi aiki a Amurka. Ga Jacques-Yves koya Turanci. Sosai arziki sun Cousteau ga shekaru na rayuwa. Jacques-Iv Kusto nuna babban sha'awa a cikin zane da makanikai. A lokacin rani sansanin scouts gaba kirkiro sanya farko nutse. Komowa zuwa Faransa, ya sami farko movie kamara, da kuma gina da mota tare da baturi-Powered.

Training a makarantar kimiyya, tafiya

By farkon 1930 hada da horo Jacques-Yves a Faransa Sojan Ruwa Academy. Ya yi sa'a, kamar yadda tawagar tafi zagaye duniya tafiya a kan wani jirgin ruwan "Jeanne d'Arc". Bayan wani lokaci, da rarraba Jacques-Iv Kusto ya a Shanghai, da tushe na sojan ruwa. A wata shekaru daga baya, ya kuma ziyarci Tarayyar Soviet. A Tarayyar Soviet, Jacques-Yves hoton da yawa, amma kusan dukkan hotunan da aka kãma su daga gare shi.

A hatsari, aikin wani malami, aure

Cousteau a cikin matasa so zama wani matukin jirgi bayan kammala horo a Sojan Ruwa Aviation Academy. Duk da haka, ya kasance a cikin mai tsanani hatsarin mota da kuma samu da yawa daga raunin da ya faru, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ya zama dole a daina wannan mafarkin. Simone Melchior, ƙaunataccen Jacques-Yves, ya taimake shi a tsira. A 1936, domin fi Cousteau fara aiki a kan jirgin ruwa na soja "Syufren" malami. A nan, a tashar jiragen ruwa na Toulon, ya kasance karo na farko a rayuwarsa bincika teku a musamman tabarau ga ruwa. Jacques-Yves lura cewa, wannan shi ne kaddararsa.

Cousteau a 1937 ya aure Simone Melchior (hoton sama). Su 'ya'ya maza, Philippe da Jean-Michel.

Nutse tare da mask, wani tushe film kamfanin da farko fina-finan

Tare da Filippom Taye da Frederikom Dyuma a 1938. Cousteau fada cikin ruwa tare da wani snorkel, mask da kuma fins. Ya daga baya ya rubuta na farko da karatu daga cikin teku a mask, idanunsa bayyana "ban mamaki spectacle."

Jacques-Yves a farkon 1940s, ya zama kafa na film kamfanin karkashin sunan "Association of sharks." A shekarar 1942 akwai wani 18-minti fim Cousteau "8 mita karkashin ruwa." Ya zama daya daga cikin na farko zane-zane ta hanyar Jacques-Yves game da karkashin ruwa duniya. Cousteau a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya na da hannu a cikin juriya motsi a Faransa.

Qirqire Jacques-Iva Kusto

Magana ne game da abin da ya shahara Jacques-Iv Kusto, wanda zai iya ba magana game da wani iri-iri da ya ƙirƙirãwa. Mafi shahara daga cikin wadannan shi ne halittar jannatin. A 1943 ya ɗauki farko gwajin na samfur. Kuma shi ya yi nasara. Wannan tsari da aka ɓullo da Jacques-Yves tare da Emil Gagnan. A shekarar 1946 shi ya fara taro samar da ruwa. Jacques-Iv Kusto a cikin rayuwarsa kuma Ya halitta lighting maras motsi, mai hana ruwa kamara, karkashin ruwa talabijin tsarin da SP350 ( "ruwa saucer") - a kananan submarine, yana da kyau maneuverability. Yana da aka tsara don bincike cikin zurfin teku. A madadin Faransa Navy nan da nan bayan da yaki, Cousteau kafa iri iri jannatin ruwa makaranta. Da ɗan baya ya zama shugaban Faransa karkashin ruwa bincike cibiyar Jacques-Iv Kusto.

"Calypso"

A farkon 1950s, da Marine "tushe" Jacques-Yves ya zama wannan sosai jirgin, a minesweeper, wanda aka a baya mallakar Birtaniya Royal Navy, amma aka soke zama. Cousteau ya tuba da shi a cikin wani mobile dakin gwaje-gwaje. Bayan haka, shi ya fara kawo a kan gudanar da bincike a cikin teku, Jacques-Iv Kusto. Binciken sanya ta ita a kan cewa jirgin suna da yawa. Daya daga cikin na farko nasarori sanya a cikin "calypso" da aka photographing teku kasa, m at zurfin har zuwa 7.2 km. Jacques-Yves expeditions sau da yawa tare da mijinta. Da 'ya'yansa maza, Philippe da kuma Jacques Michel, aiki jirgin na boys.

A farko littafin, sabon fina-finai da kuma na kasa da kasa daraja

By farkon 1950s, ya tara babba kwarewa a cikin binciken na teku, Jacques-Iv Kusto. Bincika shi suka zama jama'a. Domin wannan Cousteau tare da Frederikom Dyuma a 1953 ya rubuta wani littafi mai taken "The Silent World". Domin da farko lokacin da karatu da aka gabatar a cikin teku duniya, da nazarin wanda ya sadaukar da shekaru masu yawa na rayuwarsa, Jacques-Iv Kusto. Wahayi zuwa gare ta film na littafin da aka buga a 1956, ya lashe "Palme d'Or" da kuma "Oscar". Ya nan da nan ya kawo duniya daraja na marubucin. Cousteau a 1954 sanya wani tafiya zuwa tekun Indiya da Red Sea. A sakamakon wannan hari ya cikin jerin, da aka sani zuwa ga mutane da yawa daga cikin mu - "The Odyssey tawagar Cousteau". Wannan abin da ya shahara Jacques-Iv Kusto zuwa ga dukan duniya. Karkashin ruwa mai bincike a shekarar 1957 ya zama darektan ne a cikin Monaco Oceanographic Museum.

"Karkashin ruwa Housing" da "Cousteau Society"

Development of "karkashin ruwa gidan", wani m aikin na bincike yana nufin shekarun 1960s. Da aiwatar da aiki a shekarar 1963 "Prekontinent II" da kuma 1965 "Prekontinent III".

Amma muna gaya wa ba duk game da abin da ya shahara Jacques-Iv Kusto. Wannan bincike ya shahararren jama'a adadi. Jacques-Yves Ya halitta ba riba kungiyar "Cousteau Society" a shekarar 1973, wanda manufarsa - kariya ta marine yanayi.

A bincike da za'ayi ya balaguro, binciko unknown yankunan da tekuna. Jacques-Yves ya tsara sabon iri tasoshi, lafiya daga wani muhalli ra'ayi. "Jiragen ruwa" shi kara a shekarar 1985 jirgin ruwa mai filafili ALCYONE, wanda motsa ta hanyar elektrovetrovoy tsarin. A shekarar 1979, a lokacin yin fim na wani sabon movie kashe ƙaramin ɗan Jacques-Yves, Philippe.

Cousteau Foundation, wani balaguro zuwa Antarctica, aure zuwa wani tausayi

A 1981, da Asusun aka kafa Cousteau a Paris. Bayan 9 shekaru, da masu bincike suka tafi a kan wani balaguro zuwa Antarctica. Ya tare da shi, yara shida (daya wakilin daga kowane daga cikin nahiyoyi) ga duniya, domin ganin cewa, yanayin Antarctica da ya kamata a tanada ƙaramin tsara.

A shekarar 1990, Simone Cousteau matar, mutu da ciwon daji. A shekara ta bayan mutuwarta, Jacques-Yves remarried. Matarsa zama Francine Triplet. Wannan mace kafin aure ta haifi masa ɗa Pierre kuma ya Diana.

"Calypso 2"

"Calypso" a shekarar 1996, ya nutse a wani karo da wani baji. Wannan ya faru a cikin Singapore tashar jiragen ruwa. A jirgin ruwa ba batun dawo da. Bayan wani lokaci ya kan nuni a Museum of La Roshel. Bayan gazawar fara gina "calypso-2" Jacques-Iv Kusto. Tarihinsa samu da yawa marine expeditions, aikata tare da tawagar a kan jirgin cikin jirgin ruwa.

mutuwa

The bincike ya rasu yana da shekaru 87, Yuni 25, 1997. Mutuwa ta faru ne bayan fama da numfashi cuta, da aka wuya. Jacques-Yves mutu daga na tsokar zuciya infarction. Wannan ya faru a Bordeaux (France). Aka binne shi a cikin hurumi na Saint-Andre-de-Kyubzak.

Jacques-Yves aka yi aiki a kan yawan daban-daban awards domin gudanar da bincike. Daga cikin su musamman m ya Order na Tuli na karimci, wanda ya Jacques-Iv Kusto. Books of marubucin, wanda suna dauke cikin shahararrun ne: "Rayuwa Sea", "A rayuwa da mutuwa da murjani", "A shiru World", "sunken Treasure," "Duniya Ba tare Sun" da sauransu.

Jacques-Yves al'amarinsu ya ci gaba da

Kuma a yau aiki "Cousteau Team" da "Cousteau Society" - wani shiri halitta shi. Da 'ya'yansa da jikoki ci gaba da aikin da bincike, tsunduma a cikin binciken manyan tekuna. Jean-Michel, dansa - wani muhalli, Explorer, filmmaker da kuma malami. A zambiyõyin kakansa ma ya tafi ya jikan Fabien (hoton da ke ƙasa). Ya yanke shawarar zama wani oceanographer. A girmamawa Jacques-Yves a 2014 ya sanya wani kimiyya balaguro karkashin ruwa na tsawon kwanaki 31.

Nutsewa da aka za'ayi a Aquarius tashar. Saboda haka, a yau, ci gaba da muhimmanci ga bil'adama, wanda ya fara Jacques-Iv Kusto. Tarihinsa wahayi da yawa mutane a cikin binciken na teku zurfin, da kuma kare muhalli.