Sezar Frank: biography, photos da kuma ban sha'awa facts

M, sabon abu, rarrabe hali a Faransa da kuma duniya music - Sezar Frank. Romain Rolland sa a bakin ya gwarzo, Jean-Christophe kalmomi na sha'awa ga mutumin. Ya yi imanin cewa Frank ya samaniya, mai tsarki daga music, wadda ta ba shi damar da ikon gudanar da wani ta hanyar rayuwar, duk da m wahalhalu da raina da dukan aikin, da tsabta da haƙuri, kuma m rayuka. Sabili da haka, wani murmushi da kuma kaskantar da kai cewa mai kyau haske lit up aikinsa.

yara

Sezar Frank aka haife shi a Jamus-Belgium iyali a 1822, a ranar 10 ga watan Disamba. The mahaifin na gaba mawaki mallakar tsoho iyali na Flemish painters na kotu. Zai yiwu shi ya sa ya zarar ya lura da kwarai da basira da ɗansa. Amma rinjãya a halin m kudi ya sa mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a kananan kyauta Frank mai kyau albashi.

A cikin shekaru takwas da Cesar shiga cikin kide na birnin Liege, wanda a piano da kuma kunnen horo aji ya kammala karatunsa tare da karrama a kawai shekaru hudu. A 1835, a nan gaba ya kasance da organist a shahara farfesa jituwa Dassuanya music.

Uba, buga da dama nasarori da ɗansa, ya ba a 1835 to shi 'yan kide a Aachen (mahaifiyarsa birni), Liege da kuma Brussels.

Paris. A farko nasara

By karshen 1835 da iyali koma Faransa babban birnin kasar. Ga matasa mawaki bayan shekaru biyu na zaman darussa a shahara Farfesa A. Reicha shiga Conservatory (1837). Kuma ba da ciwon dan kasa na Faransa Jamhuriyar, Cesar aka lasafta a matsayin togiya, amma Ferenc Liszt ga wannan dalili 'yan shekaru a baya da kuma ba a karɓa.

An fara da 1838 Sezar Frank a kowace shekara a samun digiri gwaje-gwaje domin sashin jiki azuzuwan, piano, counterpoint kuma ya karbi lambar yabo. Na gasar ga Roma Prize mawaki ya ƙi, kuma ya tilasta wa mahaifinsa ya koma Belgium, inda na dogon lokaci ba kide a matsayin organist virtuoso, da wuya a matsayin pianist.

A daidai wannan lokaci, akwai na farko m ayyukan Cesar. A 1943 - Piano Trio kuma daga baya almara na nan gaba na oratorio "Rut".

watershed shekara

Irin kasashen waje domin marubuci shi ne muhimmi ga Biyar Jamhuriyar a shekara - 1848. A wannan lokacin, Cesar waives concert aiki, warware tsanani game da rubuce-rubuce da kuma yin aure. Da ƙaunar Felicite de Musso - 'yar manyan' yan wasan kwaikwayo na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa comedy.

An ban sha'awa daidaituwa ne da cewa bikin aure ranar da farkon juyin juya halin - 22 Fabrairu. Newlyweds ko "m" - Na yi don matsawa da bikin aure procession ta cikin insurgent barricades.

Don a goyi bayan iyalinsa, Cesar da ba zaman kansa darussa ne m. Mutane da yawa jaridu iya karanta sanarwa na tsari ba wani darasi na msar tambayar da m jituwa, kazalika da piano, counterpoint da fugue. Wannan m, draining kullum aikin fatalwa shi har mutuwarsa a zahiri hankali na kalma. Za gaba dalibi, mawaki, bypassing da omnibus, shi ne wata buga daga wanda baya mutu.

Flemish halin

Mafi m, ya ba da butulci fata da kuma ƙauna, wanda ya sa m juyayi da tsaransa, har ma da yara. Duk da isar da rai, fadowa a kan rabo, ba zai iya girgiza ruhaniya sojojin na Cesar. Yin yawo tafiya zuwa almajiransa mawaki dauke amfani da tanadi kiwon lafiya, da rashin tunani da zauren a yi masa halittun ya dauke domin dumi maraba. A mawaki ya iya ji dadin da kuma daukar yarda a duk, ko da m events.

Sezar Frank (ya biography - hujja) ya m, alhakin, m kuma m mai tsanani, duk da cewa kowane daga cikin rana ya monotonous: a rabi hudu da mawaki tashi, sai karfe biyu "aiki a kan" (kamar yadda ya kira lokacin kerawa ), bakwai ƙarfe ya riga a wannan darasi na farko. Frank samu kansa a gida kawai ga abincin dare. Kuma idan, bayan da ya kasance shirya zaman taron, sa'an nan kuma Na duƙufa lokaci zuwa su rubuce-rubucen. Irin wannan sadaukarwa aiki ba saboda dukiya, amma a cikin hanyar rayuwarsa, sadaukarwa da kuma keɓe kansa ga m zanen shirkinku, kuma abokai na mawaki da ake kira feat.

Amintarwa sani ba iyaka

Bayan kamar wata shekaru, Frank, ba sauraron wa ubansa sake aika zuwa Faransa babban birnin kasar. Ga ya kammala "ji a kan Hill" - a symphonic waka dogara ne a kan ayyukan da Victor Hugo, da kuma niyyar m aiki a kan wasan opera, wanda ya kira "Bawan haya."

A 1853, Frank Sezar soma organist a coci na Saint-Jean-Saint-Fransua Dyu Marais. Ya fara wani lokaci na ci gaba. Mawaki kwanaki a karshen kara habaka yi art, wato da dabara na sashin jiki improvisation da pedals.

A farkon watan jiya na 1859, aikinsa aka sãka: Church of Santa Clotilde wakkala shi yi wasa a cikin sabon, kawai kawai kammala jikin aiki na da sanannen Aristide Cavaillé-Coll. Domin da wannan kayan aiki Sezar Frank ciyar da sauran ya kwana.

Faransa dan kasa

A 1871, Frank aka miƙa ya dauki da gubar Gabar aji, wanda ya bar Fransua Benua. The kawai yanayin da aka Faransa dan kasa, wanda Cesar da kuma soma. A tsakiyar hunturu a 1872, Frank zama na aikin shugaban na aji - farfesa sashin jiki fiye da aza wani dogon hadisi, daga baya ake kira da "babban hadisin." Kuma kamar yadda na kide ne da farko mayar da hankali a kan wasan opera, da mawaki Frank aji ya zama ajin. Yana farin horar ba kawai ga dalibai sa suna a cikin wani ilimi ma'aikata, amma kuma wani binciken, wanda ya dauki sababbin dabaru don koyo, bisa ka'idojin kerawa Beethoven da Bach.

Daga cikin da yawa ƴan Cesar organists na kasa da kasa shahararru, ciki har da Guy Roparts, Ernest Chausson, Vincent d'Indy da sauransu.

fitarwa

shi ya zo mahaliccin ta makara. Kawai a 1885 sanannen mawaki da kuma organist, samu wata lambar yabo daga Tuli na karimci, kuma wata shekara daga baya ya aka nada shugaban kasar na National Music Society.

A duniya ne fitarwa zo ne kawai bayan da mawaki ta mutuwa. Kuma a yau, da music Sezara Franka ne ya burge na rai.

mai wasiyya

An fara daga 1874 farko sa na kayayyakin na daban-daban siffofin da nau'o'i halitta Sezar Frank. Bambancin fugue, da yawa oratory, qagaggun piano, sashin jiki, jam'iyya da kuma sauran was.

Student shekaru aka alama da dama hawan keke na bambancin for piano. Masu imani da cewa ba su ƙara yawa a matsayin music, amma nuna wani m iri-iri dabaru na wasa da Piano.

A lokaci guda akwai manyan sonata da farko taron makada ga cikakken ƙungiyar makaɗa. Bisa ga sada shigarwar, shi da aka yi a New Orleans ba daga baya fiye da 1841.

A farko tsanani ayyukansu - uku concert uku (piano, cello da kuma goge), aka rubuta a 1842 da kuma 1843, bi da bi. Hukumance, suna dauke "farko opus" mawaki. Liszt, wanda yake aboki na Frank, ya bayyana mamakin da mutunci da karshe na uku da fushi kokarin lallashe da matasa mawaki ya buga shi a matsayin guda, cikakken aiki. Af, Ferents List sau da yawa bayar da Cesar support, taimaka wa buga.

Major aiki, da farko an yaba da kwararru zama oratorio "Rut".

A farkon '50s daga cikin mawaki ta alkalami zo "daga gona bawan" (comic wasar kwaikwayo ta waka) da kuma "Tower of Babel" (oratorio).

A 1869, Cesar sanya mafi kyau na da ayyukansu, bisa ga sukar - oratorio a takwas sassa na ƙungiyar mawaƙa, kungiyar makada da tuni na "Beatitudes."

Sezar Frank "Panis Angelikus" da aka rubuta a 1872. Wannan coci music, saita zuwa kalmomi da salla Fomy Akvinskogo. "The mala'iku gurasa" (for ƙungiyar makaɗa, mawaki kuma ƙungiyar mawaƙa) da aka ɗauki cikinsa a matsayin wani ɓangare na coci taro. Duk da haka, shi ya zama haka rare cewa shi ya zama sosai da sauri a riskarsa kamar wani m yanki. Melody, rubuta da Cesar kawo salla, wanda ya rayu fiye da shekaru 600, a dukan duniya daraja.

"Shida guda"

Da shi shi ne na farko da gagarumin ayyuka na mahalicci ba. Domin shekaru biyu, daga 1860 zuwa 1862-th, samar da su Sezar Frank. Malamai Ma'abuta Jihadi,, Fugue kuma Bambancin - cikakken m ayyukansu. Domin su, da mawaki ya zabi model na Baroque triptych, smoothly wucewa a wani romantic Ballad.

hayayyafa eighties

Tun karshen 1879 da kuma a 1886 da mawaki ya rubuta. Kuma haka dai aka halitta da wani quintet for piano. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar Berlioz da romanticism gan hasken symphonic waka "Damn mafarauci." The "Jinn" (for piano da kuma ƙungiyar makaɗa), Chorale, Symphonic Bambanci for Piano, kuma Orchestra. A kadan daga baya, wani share fage da kuma wani aria rubuta for piano da kuma ƙungiyar makaɗa ta Sezar Frank. Sonata for goge da piano da aka halitta a 1886 da kuma a cikin rubutun gabatar da wani babban bikin aure kyauta violin E. Ysaÿe. Bayan maras wata-wata maimaitawa Eugene buga shi a bikin da kuma taba raba tare da wannan mai girma halitta zuwa karshen rayuwa.

Unfavorably gane jama'a kisa da kide kide a 1889, da ya shigo kammala da taron makada a D qananan. Amma sai ya ci gaba da aiki don m ya m, a cikin nasarar da aikin Sezar Frank. Symphony a D Ƙananan ya zama ba kawai mafi girma a bayan sanannen ayyukan Berlioz ta symphonic ayyukansu, amma kuma mafi kyau a cikin biyu da rabi na XIX karni.

Ta uku Gabar chorale aka rubuta. Suna gane ta hanyar bambancin da mawaki technics.

A mafi girma na irin

Ma'ana Cesar ayyuka ba za a iya overestimated. Ya halitta nasa makaranta, wanda da gudummawar da babban canje-canje a Faransa m hadisin. Rubuce-rubucen bayyana shi da cewa kasa ruhu - shi ne ba kawai wasar kwaikwayo ta waka, da kuma cewa ya yi yawa ne ya cancanci composers samar symphonic music to dace da high Turai aji a Faransa.

Sezar Frank (share fage, Fugue, rubuta don ƙungiyar makaɗa, ba da ita ga fahimta) tãyar da Genre zuwa matakin Bach. Kamar yadda piano nau'o'i. Biyu manyan jerin da ya art wannan kayan sa a kan wani par tare da shahararrun Beethoven sonatas.

Fice kida, Sahaban da kuma almajiransa, Frank tunani ya da wani bajimi malami. Bisa ga mahaliccin music saurari E. Chausson, G. Roparts, Bizet, A. Dyupak, P. Duke E. Chabrier et al. Izuwa mutunta Cesar Debussy.

Har yanzu tsaye a waje, a wani musamman hanya da chromatic imel mawaki, free kuma sauki amfani da su nonakkordov, expressiveness na ta modulations, da sabon abu na cyclic siffofin. A binciken da na masu jituwa harshen Cesar sanya shi yiwuwa a shawo kan alamu na nan gaba mawaki.

m

Mafi yawan Cesar aka halitta kuma ya zauna a cikin rubutun form. Amma kowane muqala tare da wani abu mai ban sha'awa. Alal misali, "Me kuke ji a kan dutse" ne na farko samfurin sautin waka da ciwon daidai na shekara-shekara line. Af, a kan wannan mãkirci na Victor Hugo Ferents List daga baya ma ya rubuta wani littafi.