Vienna Philharnonic: da tarihi, da conductors, da abun da ke ciki

A Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau ba kawai a Austria, amma kuma a ko'ina cikin duniya. Babban zauren, inda live music, nasa ne da Society of music masoya.

A tarihin na ƙungiyar makaɗa

Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra, wanda photo da aka gabatar a cikin wannan takarda, da aka kafa a 1842. Its mahaliccin - shugaba Otto Nicolai. Kafin 1842, an ƙungiyar makaɗa kunshi sana'a kida, kawai wanzu a opera gidaje, amma kawai mai son was halarci concert. Da bukatar kwararren kida wanda sun halarci jama'a da shirye-shirye cikin gaggawa m, a cikin farkon karni na 19th. Saboda haka, Company su taimaka wa music masoya zuwa Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra da aka halitta.

A farko waje yawon shakatawa na ƙungiyar makaɗa da ya faru a shekarar 1900 a birnin Paris. Tun daga nan, a tafiya a kan hanya sun zama na yau da kullum.

Vienna ƙungiyar makaɗa shi ne na farko mai yi na da yawa ayyukan girma composers kamar Anton Bruckner da Johannes Brahms.

shugaba ta siyasa

A Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra yana da wani m m darektan kuma ba ya shiga cikin kwangila tare da conductors a cikin dogon lokaci. Kowane kakar daukan wuri kuri'a. Kamar wancan zaba wani wucin gadi "post office" shugaba. Amma akwai lokacin da wani yawa na yanayi ga wannan post zabe zai sanya wanda kuma wannan mutumin.

A tsawon shekaru, da Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra ya hada kai tare da duniya-mashahuri conductors, kamar:

• Hans Richter.
• Leonard Bernstein.
• Otto Dessof.
• Valery Gergiev.
• Felix Weingartner.
• Carlo Mariya Dzhulini.
• Gustav Mahler.
• Wilhelm Furtwängler.
• Karl Böhm.
• Georg Solti.
• Herbert von Karajan da sauransu.

Mafi shahararren kida na ƙungiyar makaɗa da shugaba na Vienna Philharnonic Society buga girmamawa Golden Zobe da Nicolai mindar a godiya ga hayayyafa hadin gwiwa.

masu kida

A abun da ke ciki na Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra ne sau da yawa canza. Musicians aiki a can a kan wani wucin gadi-akai - don haka su suna horar. Orchestra da yawa manyan. Kamar yadda akwai fiye da ɗari biyu artists daga kasashe daban-daban.

A kakar 2015-2016 a cikin ƙungiyar makaɗa ne:

• Josef Jahannama.
• Olesya Kurylyak.
• Tilman Kühn.
• Rainer Kukhlei.
• Pavel Kuzmichev.
• Maykl Shtrasser.
• Martin Kubik.
• Heinrich Koll.
• Wolfgang Braynshmidt.
• Kirill Kobanchenko.
• Dietmar Zeman.
• Tibor Kovacs.
• Patricia Coll.
• Thomas Hayek.
• Alexander Steinberger.
• Innocent Grabko.
• Eugene Andrusenko.
• Wolfgang Koblitz.
• Martin Lemberg.
• Daniela Ivanova.
• Ezhi Dybal.
• Bruno Hartl.
• Bartosz Sikorski.
• Wolfgang Strasser.
• Gelmut Vays.
• Martin Gabriel.
• Erwin Falk.
• Karin Horvath da yawa wasu.

shugaba

Shugaba na Vienna Philharnonic Orchestra (ba kawai), wanda daga lokaci zuwa lokaci hadin guiwa da Austria kida a baya shekaru 12 - shi ne Maris Janson. An haife shi a Riga, a 1943. A shekarar 1986 ya aka bayar da lakabi na jama'ar kasar Artist na RSFSR.

Tsohuwarsa wasar kwaikwayo ta waka singer shugaba na Yahudawa asalin. Marisa, ta haihu a tsara, inda ya boye daga Jamusawan a lokacin zama. All ta zumunta da aka kashe a lokacin Holocaust. Music shugaba gaba mahaifin sanar. Maris yaro wasa da goge. A 1962 G. M. Yanson karatu a music makaranta a Birnin Leningrad, Conservatory, wanda aka sa'an nan brilliantly kammala karatunsa a matsayin shugaba da kuma piano. Ya horar da a Salzburg da kuma Vienna tare da artists kamar Gans Svarovski da Herbert von Karajan. A 1973, ya tafi zuwa aiki a Leningradkusyu Philharnonic. Ya aka nada mataimakin shugaba.

A shekarar 1979 ya kasance music darektan na Philharnonic Orchestra a Oslo.

Bugu da kari ga Vienna ƙungiyar makaɗa, hada hannu da sauran teams. Aiki a kasashe daban-daban. Orchestras da wanda sotrudnitsal M. Janson: Pittsburgh Symphony, Concertgebouw (ne babba shugaba daga 2004 zuwa yau), Chicago, Bavarian Radio, da Berlin Philharnonic, Latvian National kuma Cleveland.

Mariss Jansons ne ma gudanar da koyar. Tun 1995 ya na da wani malamin gudanar a St. Petersburg Conservatory da kuma shugaban na dalibi ƙungiyar makaɗa.

Maris ne mai shi da wani babban yawan lambobin yabo, diplomas bukukuwa da gasa, ciki har da a piggy banki da kuma da sanannen girmamawa lambar yabo "Grammy".