RS-232: wani bayyani da misali girma dabam da kuma iri daban-daban

A duniya akwai wata babbar dama ramummuka, ramummuka, musaya. Gano su, kuma ya san duk kowa mai amfani shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu. Lokacin da wani mafari yanke shawarar da ya tattara a kan nasu na sirri kwamfuta, akwai mutane da yawa tambayoyi game da karfinsu. Yau mun koyi cewa irin wannan wani RS-232 musaya.

ra'ayi

Idan ka fuskanci gaskiyar cewa ba ka san abin da irin haši da abin da yake da shi, to sai mu za fahimta daga baya a cikin wannan. Wannan misali ya shafi jiki Layer da aka ɓullo da matsayin "abokin" asynchronous dubawa. Mafi sau da yawa, tunawa da RS-232, masana ambaci PC serial tashar jiragen ruwa.

Yana da haka ya faru da cewa ya aka sau da yawa amfani a fagen harkokin sadarwa. Yanzu shi ne sananne ga dukan godiya ga ci gaban kwakwalwa. Yana an haɗa zuwa PC idan akwai amfaninsa high data rates, kazalika da aiki idan na'urar ba a cikin nisa nesa. Idan muka fuskanci kwamfuta na ofishin aiki ko nisha, da RS-232 musaya an maye gurbinsu zuwa USB.

labarin

A tsakiyar karni na karshe shi ya fara aiki inganta dabarun, musamman sadarwa. Kowane kamfanin cewa tsunduma a samar da wasu kayan aiki, ya ci gaba da kansa misali ga watsa bayanai. Haka kuma, da yin amfani da irin wannan na'urorin ya kasance da wuya, kamar yadda akwai matsaloli tare da karfinsu.

Don warware wannan batu har abada, kuma yi daidai da misali duk da cewa sun riga tsiwirwirinsu, a shekarar 1962 ta shirya wani musamman jam'iyya. An kafa shawarwari ga m, wanda aka mai suna "Shawarar Standard 232". Wannan saboda akwai bukatar a ci gaba da RS-232 musaya.

Yanzu hali tsarinsa ne tsare daga 5 zuwa 8 ragowa. irin ƙarfin lantarki alama bai tashi sama 25 V kuma ba a kasa -25 V. Ya yiwu don tsara sabis sakonni, wanda su ne kullum ba dole ba ne a yi amfani. Data yaduwar na faruwa a biyu halaye: synchronous da asynchronous. Godiya ga duk na kafa yi misali daidai dace domin Telecom kayan aiki.

ci gaba

A kawai shekaru bakwai bayan da aka kafa sabuwar versions fara bayyana. RS-232C an bita a dangane da duk disadvantages cewa sun samu a lokacin wannan lokaci. Aka yanke shawarar sanya wata DB25 connector 25 fil. Wannan wani zaɓi ya zama da gaske "aiki a kan mu kuskure," me ya sa ba sauya tsawon lokaci da ya zama wani dalilin da shekaru su zo.

Tuni a shekarar 1983, ya zama sananne inji mai kwakwalwa ta amfani da wannan mizani. Mun fara amfani da UART transceiver. Daya daga cikin novelties ya riga 4 na watsawa, wanda ake kira COM-tashar jiragen ruwa.

A ci gaba da irin wannan matsayin ya fara samun lokacinta. Masana'antun sun gane manufa da mataki a irin wannan yanayi, don haka sai ta fara rasa Association mamayar. A shekarar 1986, da RS aka canza zuwa EIA. Lokacin da hakkin kamfanoni sun koma zuwa wani, shi ne kamar wata bambancin da misali da aka saki. A general, kome sabon da aka ba a aiwatar a cikin RS-232 musaya.

aiki

Godiya ga wannan misali, ya zama zai yiwu don canja wurin bayanai, ko musamman sakonni tsakanin na'urorin biyu, daya daga wanda yake shi ne m, da kuma na biyu - sadarwa. Transmission ne har zuwa 15 mita, da kuma iyakar gudu iya isa 115200. Sha'awa, da ke dubawa shi ne sauki amfani da shirye-shirye. Izza ne sau da yawa amfani idan kana so ka nĩsantar. Masana sun kawai proportionally rage gudu.

a raga

An sani cewa a serial RS-232 dubawa aka farko amfani da kira na sauri-up modem zuwa PC. Saboda wannan, nan da nan ya samu da rudiments, tsakanin wanda ya raba line "Call". A tsawon lokaci, da Internet canza Soup haši da kuma karfe da alaka via kebul. Kansa saba shukawa dangane bai bace tare da dubawa panel, sai sauran masana'antun sun yanke shawarar kirkiro da na'urorin jituwa igiyoyi to connect to da tsarin. Saboda haka, da suka zama sananne kwamfuta beraye da RS-232.

Yanzu da ke dubawa shi ne mafi kowa a sosai na musamman na'urar, masana'antu kayan aiki da kuma microprocessor tsarin. A sakamakon haka, a cikin zamani netbook ko rubutu RS-232 dubawa na USB kusan ba ya faruwa. Amma wasu motherboards tsit tsarin har yanzu suna da wannan haši. A sakamakon haka, akwai biyu guda Ramin da kuma block Daisy a kan motherboard. Don wannan connector ya ba m, wasu samar converters.

aiki

An sani cewa kula hali ne mai cikakken-Duplex dubawa. Yana watsa bayanai matsayin asynchronous serial dubawa. Bisa ga waya wuce binary sigina, wanda karbi biyu ƙarfin lantarki matakan. Wannan shi ne yanayin da bayanai watsa.

Idan muka yi la'akari da ma'ana Manuniya, sa'an nan zuwa "sifili" dangantaka m ƙarfin lantarki, kuma ga "dayantaka" - wani korau. Don wannan tsarin da aka sarrafa kamar haka developers amfani da manyan yawan kwakwalwan kwamfuta "itace". RS-232 musaya yawanci suna da ba kawai misali shigar da fitarwa Lines, amma kuma musamman karin waƙa, don sarrafa da ya kwarara daga hardware gefe da kuma tsara takamaiman ayyuka.

Lines

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa wannan tashar jiragen ruwa da aka sanye take da wani irin D, page 25 lambobi. Kowane na da yanke da shugabanci. Bã su da cikakken suna da kuma ke da alhakin wani halayyar. Saboda haka yana daukar kwayar cutar da kuma samu bayanan request da kuma watsa sake saiti, tabbatacce kuma korau ƙarfin lantarki, da jeri yanayin, da mai karɓar aiki tare, da Ringer nuna alama, da dai sauransu

azuzuwan

Idan muna da m na'urar, to, shi za a sanye take da connector lambobi, idan da alaka - da takware. Irin kamar misali matsayi, amma wani lokacin akwai ban. Signals RS-232 dubawa sadarwa ya kasu kashi azuzuwan.

M kayan kamar TXD, aiki tare da wani zaman kanta tashar serial sadarwa, wanda aka raba firamare da kuma sakandare. Lines aiki da yada bayanai da kuma haɗuwa da shi.

Manajan irin RTS yana da kalmar amincewa title. Yana da wani hanya a wanda sakonni daga serial sadarwa line fara sadarwar da audio watsa kafin ainihin. Akwai aiki tare aji. A wannan yanayin, da kayan aiki aika da sakonni zuwa juna, wanda damar ya rage wuya da canja wurin a lokacin dikodi mai.

converters

Kafin mu magance tare da Converter, RS-232, wajibi ne a san bisa manufa abin da shi ne da kuma abin da ka bukata. Don yin shi bayarda, da Converter - wannan adaftan. A wannan yanayin, idan na'urar yana da guda connector, amma kana bukatar wani, za ka iya kawai saya adafta. Saboda haka, duk dole ramummuka ko zama dole, ko kuma kawai ba dauka da yawa sarari.

A cikin akwati, yana yiwuwa su yi amfani da kayan aiki ne da alaka da musaya RS-232/422/485 COM-mashigai. A sakamakon haka ne galvanic kadaici matsayin, watsa bayanai daukan wuri a karkashin wuya yanayi da electromagnetic tsangwama. The matsala a wannan yanayin ne saboda kawai ya nuna gaskiyar cewa sauki dangane bai isa ba, dole ka saita da software matakin.

A general, daban-daban kayan aiki da ake bukata domin watsa bayanai na musamman da fasaha. Saboda haka, wajibi ne a yi aiki tare da unifying da ladabi fassara data cikin guda view kawai idan Converter - shi ne ba zai yiwu ba. The aiki na wannan adaftan ne cewa yana da wani karbuwa daga cikin irin bayanai da cewa yana daukar kwayar cutar tsakanin wasu sassa na tsarin da musamman fasahar.

Saboda haka, fakiti aiki wuce a shirin mataki. A shirin canza tsarin da kayan, wanda ake daukar kwayar cutar, yana amfani da wani daban-daban yarjejeniya.

rarrabuwa

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa wani Converter RS-232 dubawa (etherne da sauransu) za a iya halin da dama sigogi. Saboda haka, sanin da misali na kayan aiki da kuma ladabi da irin. Har ila yau, bisa la'akari da bayanan kudi, wanda ƙayyade matsakaicin yawan kayayyakin da a kan lokaci.

A gaba siga - yana yiwuwa watsa nesa, dangane da wani matsakaicin nesa daga juna kumburi, wanda za a iya aika da bayanai tsakanin kansu, amma yayin da rike da mutunci. The watsa line aka wakilta matsakaici, da kuma inda kawai data yana daukar kwayar cutar. Daga cikin sigogi ne yawan "itace" da kuma karba, kazalika zai yiwu bincike kewaye "konektinga" main aka gyara.

misalai

Don RS-232 aiki da kyau a jummai da RS-485/422 musaya, kana bukatar ka samu ba kawai a Converter, da kuma shirin management. Yana da daraja ambaton cewa ba dukan tashoshi suna da hannu, don haka da 10 ne kawai uku na aika / sama data da kuma siginar da ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, da hira tsari kanta ne wakilta bit-aiki data daga daya nau'i zuwa wani. A wannan lokaci, babu yarjejeniya hira auku a matsayin canji "itace" I / Yã tashar jiragen ruwa.