Mutumin da aka juya a cikin waka na Marshak da rayuwa

Kuna tuna wanda ya rubuta "Mutumin da ya warwatse" (mafi yawan gaske, "Abin da ke rarrabe")? A ba'a waqe na Soviet mawãƙi girma fiye da daya tsara na mutane. Kuma a yau iyaye sukan karanta wa 'ya'yansu a cikin maraice "The Tale of the Stupid Mouse", "The Children in Cage" da "The Drowsiness da Zevot." Ko ma manya da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mafi mahimmanci sun iya cewa: "Ƙwallon ƙawar da nake yi, ina kuka yi gudu don tsalle?", "A watan Disamba, a watan Disamba dukan itatuwa a azurfa" ko "The lady given a sofa, a suitcase, a bag ...". Irin wannan shine nau'in ayyukan wannan marubucin - an tuna da su, kamar waƙoƙin da suka sami juyawa.

Doodle don Google

Amma mafi yawan mawallafin mawallafin da aka wallafa shi shine labarin wani mutumin da aka warwatse wanda "maimakon hula a kan tafiya" ya sanya gilashin frying, gilashin da aka haɗa da shirt, da safofin hannu - tare da takalma da suka ji. Shahararren aikin ya kasance mai girma cewa a shekara ta 2012, lokacin da duniya ta yi bikin cika shekaru 125 na mahaliccinsa, har ma Google ta kasa zuwa tunanin duniya baki daya. A wannan rana, masu amfani da injiniya na binciken sun haɗu da wata takarda mai ban sha'awa wanda waccan wasikar da aka saba da shi ya rushe kuma ya tsaya a baya.

Marubucin marubucin sanannen shine Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak. Mutumin da aka warwatsa shi ne ainihin hoto ne na wani gama kai, kodayake masu bincike sun ce akwai samfuri na ainihi.

Kabuluk Ivanov

Mafi sau da yawa ake kira sunan Ivan Alekseyevich Kablukov - mashahuriyar kwararru a fannin jiki. Gaskiya ne, wannan malamin ya rayu a Moscow, kuma ba a arewa maso yamma ba, amma in ba haka ba yana son kamar: warwatse, ƙauna da kuma rikicewa kalmomi da haruffa. A daya daga cikin maƙasudin zane-zane na makomar gaba, jarumin ya rubuta sunansa "Heel Ivanov." Real Ivan Kablukov ya ba da ilimin kimiyya guda biyu da ya fi so "ilmin kimiyya da ilmin lissafi"; Bayan yin ajiyar wuri, zai iya cewa "lob fbpped" a maimakon "bulb burb".

Lev Petrovich

Wanene ake kira ga sunan "mutumin da aka watse daga titin Basseinaya"? Daya daga cikin juyi ya ce a 1926 Marshak ya wallafa waka da ake kira "Lev Petrovich". Ga jama'a, ba a sani ba, saboda ya fito ne a ƙarƙashin sunan mawallafin Vladimir Piast. A cikin shekarun 20 na karni na karshe marubucin ya matukar talauci, kuma Marshak ya ci gaba da "buga masa" daga jagorancin wallafe-wallafe don gabatar da littafi na yara a nan gaba. Tun da Piast bai san yadda za a rubuta wa yara ba, Marshak ya rubuta waƙa ga abokinsa.

Wani mutumin da aka warwatsa Lev Petrovich ya yi kama da hat, kuma jiragen ya jira "ga itace a sito". Contemporaries sun yi imanin cewa wannan hoton "an rubuta" daga Vladimir Alekseevich Piast, wanda ba shi da tsammanin kuma bai dace ba. Wannan sigar ta tabbatar da kai tsaye ta hanyar kasancewa a cikin daya daga cikin rubutun sifofin wani labarin daga mawallafin rayuwa: "Maimakon shayi, sai ya zuba ink shayi cikin kofin."

Marshak ko Harms?

Wasu masu bincike sun gaskata cewa mutumin da aka warwatse shi ne marubucin aikin, Samuel Marshak. Babu shakka, yana da halin da ba shi da jima'i. Gaskiya ne, wasu sun yarda cewa irin wannan hali zai iya zama wani ɓangare na abin da ake kira yanzu PR. Masu marubuta masu kirki kansu sun ƙirƙira kuma suka "halitta" surar su ga zuriyar.

Zuciyarsa ba zato ba kawai Marshak, amma Piast, da kuma Daniel Kharms. A cikin ayyukan na ƙarshe, ta hanya, wanda zai iya samun maɓallin manta da rashin kulawa wanda ya kunshi hotuna maras kyau: Pushkin, yana ci gaba da gurgunta Gogol da kuma kira epigrams "Ergyarma", da Zhukovsky - Zhukov; Mazauna garin, manta, "abin da ke gaba - 7 ko 8," kuma ya fado daga taga ta tsohuwar mace.

Ƙarin kaɗan game da samfurori

Ayyukan gaske na kwararren aiki ne koyaushe a haɗin kai. Sabili da haka, mutane da yawa suna iya ɗaukar nauyin samfurin "mutumin da aka warwatse". An ce Mendeleev a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai, shiga cikin tram. A bayyane, haɗar rikicewar rikici da gidan. Shin Marshak bai rubuta game da shi ba: "Ya fara farawa a kan sauti. Suka ce masa, "Ba naka ba ne."

Wani likita, kuma a hade - mai rubutawa, Alexander Borodin, sau ɗaya a tsakiyar wani abincin dare a gidansa ya gigice baƙi. Ya sa tufafinsa, ya ce ya ba da kyauta ga kowa da kowa, yana bayyana cewa lokacin ya dawo ... gida. Shin ba haka ba ne batun layin: "Ya sa rigarsa. Suka ce masa: "Ba haka ba!".

Kuma watakila, "wani mutum da aka watse daga titin Basseinaya" shine Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov? Bayan haka, ya rayu ne a kan titin Petersburg tare da wannan suna (yanzu yana ɗauke da sunan wani mawaki na gida)? Da zarar marubucin marubucin '' '' '' mata '' '' '' '' '' '' kusan sun bar wallafe-wallafe ba tare da rubutun "Menene za a yi?".

Da yake zaune a cikin sansanin soja na Bitrus da Paul, Chernyshevsky ya ba da takardun zuwa ga son zuciyarsa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan watanni huɗu, kuma Nekrasov, wanda ke hanzari zuwa gidan wallafe-wallafen, ya sauke shi a kan titin, kuma bai kula da shi ba. Bayan 'yan kwanakin baya, abin farin ciki, an mayar da kayan don sakamako mai girma ga waɗannan lokuta - 100 rubles. A daidai wannan lokacin, da farko mawallafa ya yi alkawari zai biya masu ruba 50, amma don manta sai ya ba da kuɗi sau biyu a matsayin babban.

A kan gaskiyar hoton

Maima "Wannan shi ne abin da ke warwatse" ana gabatar da shi ga masu karatu tare da labarin da ba'a da ba'a. Ba mu san sunansa ba ko sana'a. Marubucin bai bayar da bayanai game da iyalin jarumi ba. Daga cikin siffofin da ke ciki a gare shi, za mu iya lura kawai da girmamawa a kan lalata. Watakila wannan shi ne duk abin da waƙoƙin ya faɗa mana. Mutumin da aka warwatse shi ne nau'in nau'in hali daya a cikin nau'i na hypertrophied.

Duk da haka, kamar yadda muka rigaya gani, wannan hoton ba za a kira shi bace. Irin wannan yanayi ya faru akai-akai tare da mutanen da aka sani da ba a san su ba, tare da masana kimiyya, marubuta da mawaƙa, tare da haruffa na littattafai da fina-finai. Har yanzu suna faruwa a yau. Yawancin mutane daga lokaci zuwa lokaci suna shan wahala daga mantawa, rashin kulawa, rashin tsari.

Game da rashin gaskiya

Wane ne mutumin da ba ya nan ba? Daga ra'ayi na ilimin halayyar kwakwalwa, shi ne wanda ke fama da rashin iya kulawa. Gaskiya ba tare da kuskure ba ne a fahimta a matsayin matsayin sujada na musamman, lokacin da mutum bai iya yin hankali ba akan wani abu, don wani lokaci "haɗi" daga gaskiya. Daya daga cikin mummunan yanayin wannan yanayin shine abin da ake kira "hypnosis", sanannun direbobi. Daga dan lokaci mai tsayi mutum ya fada a cikin wata karamar dogo. A wani lokaci, ya ji irin tasiri a cikin lokaci. Menene ya faru da shi yanzu: ya barci, ya katse? Lokaci ne lokacin da hatsarori zasu iya faruwa.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da gaskiyar rashin gaskiya sune rashin barci, ciwon kai, wahala mai tsanani, aiki mai ban mamaki. Yana da wuya a ce ko jaridar Marshak ta sha wuya, amma wasu alamun sun nuna cewa zai iya. Wani mazaunin garin Basseynaya ya yi barcin kwana biyu, kamar yadda suka ce, ba tare da kafafu ba. Shin hakan ba yayi magana akan matsananciyar rashin mutum ba, rashin barci na al'ada da hutawa a rayuwarsa?

A kan rashin fahimtar tunanin

Me ya sa muke tunanin sau da yawa cewa mutumin da aka warwatse ya zama mawallafin mafarki ne ko farfesa mai fadi? Gaskiyar cewa masana kimiyya sun bambanta da kuma wani nau'i na rashin tunani - ban mamaki. Rashin hankali mai ban mamaki yana da sakamako mai karfi na maida hankali a cikin batun, matsala. Mutumin da yake damuwa a cikin mahimmancin ra'ayi ba zai iya rarraba ra'ayinsu tsakanin abubuwa daban-daban ba. Ba zai iya "bi" kome ba yanzu. Saboda haka - rashin kulawa zuwa yaudarar yau da kullum, mantawa, rashin iyawa don neman kalmomin gaskiya da kalmomin magana.

Iyaye sukan zargi 'ya'yansu da damuwa, amma sau da yawa ana nuna su shaida ne game da haɗin kai. Wani ɗan ƙaramin mutum yana cikin mummunar matsala: ya san duniya inda akwai wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da cewa wani lokaci wani lokaci ba zai yiwu a lura da su ba!

Gwarzo da zamaninsa

Idan ka tuna lokacin da aka kirkiro aikin, mai karatu mai karfin tunani zai iya samo shi a cikin abubuwan da suka faru game da abin da ya saba da shi don yin shiru.

An wallafa waƙa a 1928, kuma an buga shi ne a 1930. A wannan lokacin, an harbe Nikolai Gumilev, wanda layinsa ("Dakatarwa, direba, ya dakatar da motar yanzu!") Parries Marshak. A 1930 An kama Piast, a 1931 - Harms.

Kuma a cikin al'adu da'irori na ɗaukar fansa da ke cikin cikakken lilo tare da tsanani tattaunawa: iya zama m ko (Allah ya hana!) Funny yara adabi? Tsayawa a matsayin mahimmanci: ayyukan da yara ya kamata ya zama mai tsanani. Zai iya zama in ba haka ba? Bayan duk, dariya shi ne saba wa harsãshin gini da totalitarian jihar. Rashin mutum mai tunani a cikin shekarun 1930 zai iya sa shi a cikin wani sujadah - a matsayin wani abu mai karewa ga abin da ke faruwa. Bayan haka, daya daga cikin dalilai na rashin hankali shine ake kira ciki da damuwa da damuwa.

Don haka jaririn da aka warwatsa Marshak, ba shakka, mutum ne mai ban dariya, amma dalilai na abin da ke faruwa da shi zai iya zama mafi tsanani.