Menene gamma haskoki?

Bayan gano kayan iya maras wata-wata watsi da firamare barbashi (a sakamakon rediyo watsi lalata) ya fara karatu dũkiyõyinsu. Active hannu a cikin search for sabon da kuma shirya data kasance ilmi a cikin kimiyyar lissafi dauki shahara Curies da Rutherford. Wannan ya gudanar ya bude farko gamma haskoki. Tsẽrar da su gwaji da aka sauki da kuma, a lokaci guda, m.

A radiation tushen da aka dauka radium. A m-gubar capacitance aka yi kunkuntar bude. A kasa na da sakamakon tashar da aka sanya radium. A wani kananan nesa daga ganga perpendicular zuwa huda axis photosensitive memba aka located - farantin. A rata tsakanin shi da ganga da rediyoaktif musamman inji iya samar da wani Magnetic filin na babban tsanani, da Lines tashin hankali wanda aka daidaitacce layi daya da photosensitive farantin. Duk abubuwa wanin filin janareta ne a wani airless yanayi, don kawar da tasirin iska a kan kwayoyin halitta na gwaji sakamakon. Idan Rutherford watsi da wannan batu, da gamma haskoki iya bude wani.

A cikin rashi na Magnetic tasiri a wafer faru duhu tabo, nuna rectilinear yaduwa daga cikin radiation (wasu shugabanci kawai ya yanke gubar ganga ganuwar). Amma shi ya isa ya bayyana ga Magnetic filin, duka biyu da photosensitive kashi na tsarin faru kawai uku aibobi. Wannan na nufi cewa wasu barbashi jefarwa da radium, deflecting filin. Rutherford da shawarar cewa katako kunshi akalla uku aka gyara. Character sabawa nuna cewa, barbashi na biyu bim da wutar lantarki, da kuma na uku katako ne electrically tsaka tsaki. Bugu da ƙari, cikin korau bangaren na aukuwa radiation deflected mafi pronounced fiye da positive. Electrically tsaka tsaki bangaren - wannan ne gamma haskoki. Bangaren tare da wani mummunan cajin da ake kira da beta-haskoki, kuma na karshe, tabbatacce cajin - alpha-ray.

Bayan da cewa su nuna hali daban a wani Magnetic filin, da haskoki da daban-daban Properties. Gamma haskoki su iya shiga cikin al'amarin for quite mai nĩsa. Saboda haka, da gubar farantin 1 cm kauri rage-rage su tsanani ne kawai sau biyu. Alpha-katako za a iya tsaya ko da wani bakin ciki takardar da takarda. Amma beta radiation bautar wani tsaka-tsaki matsayi: dakatar da ya kwarara daga karfe iya zama 'yan millimeters lokacin farin ciki.

Yana baya fito da cewa:

• beta ray ne wani rafi da barnatar da cajin barbashi (electrons), motsi a high gudun.
• alpha-ray - a helium tsakiya, a sosai a barga samuwar.
• gamma ray - wani irin electromagnetic taguwar ruwa. A watsi bakan da wani layin gaba daya, tun da emitting tsakiya ne halin da mai hankali makamashi jihohi. Su ne a cikin nau'i na rarraba makamashi matakan jefarwa photons. Kalmar "gamma-ray" aka ƙara amfani ba kawai don bayyana tsari na rediyoaktif lalace, amma kuma, a general, domin duk wuya yanayin da electromagnetic radiation wanda yayi dace da kowane jimla da makamashi ba kasa da 10 keV. A tushen irin wannan watsi ne electrons m kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin. Ragi makamashi canja wurin electrons zuwa mafi girma makamashi matakan. Daga can, suka koma baya a jihar, sakewa radiation a cikin nau'i na X-haskoki ko haske (electromagnetic taguwar ruwa). Da bakan electromagnetic radiation a cikin hali na gamma-ray ne musamman kananan da kuma nawa ga wata fiye da 5 * 0.001 nm saboda abin da mafi bayyana daga Properties na barbashi, maimakon tãguwar ruwa.