Mene ne Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar?

Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar - shi ne mai gurguzu jumhuriya, da cin gashin na manoma da ma'aikata, wanda ya wanzu a cikin XX karni a cikin ƙasa da Tarayyar Soviet. Yankin sau biyu sami wannan matsayi, saboda a kan mayẽwa, na soja events, da siyasa, da kuma zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.

Zamantakewa da tattalin arziki halaye da kuma yanayin wuri

Karelian ASSR - wani yanki arewa maso yammacin Turai na Tarayyar Soviet. A wajen yamma, da shi da iyaka tare da Finland, a gabas ta White Sea, a kudu - Ladoga da Lake Onega. A taimako ne m tare da jinsin burbushi na da sakamakon da mataki na gleiser. A albarkatun ma'adinai da aka yadu rarraba kayan gini (marmara, dutse, dolomite, da dai sauransu), da Karafa, Mica. By da bukatunsu na Tarayyar Soviet yankin da aka dauke m da baya da baya a ci gaban tattalin arziki tun bayan da yankin ƙasar ya ba manyan masana'antu wurare. Bugu da ƙari, titular al'umma na jumhuriya, da Finno-Ugric mutane (Veps, Karelians, Finns) suna zahiri sanya up wani karami na yawan (game da 30%).

Jamhuriyar a peacetime

A kafofin kuma historiography iya zama wasu rikice: da Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar, ko? Don sanin abin da zabin da yake da hakkin, ya kamata ka gane rikirkida daga cikin jerin. A lokacin yakin basasa da Karelian Labor ƙungiya da aka shirya a kasar Rasha. A karo na farko a matsayin administrative da kuma yankin naúrar da Tarayyar Soviet shi aka canza kama zuwa Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar. Dalili a kan haka shi ne Tsakiya kwamitin zartarwa doka, ya sanya hannu Yuli 25, 1923 Bayan tallafi na sabon kundin tsarin mulki da Tarayyar Soviet, Disamba 5, 1936, da sunan da aka canza zuwa Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar.

17 ga watan Yuni, 1937 farko gashi na makamai na jamhuriyar aka gabatar, shi ya yi wani rubutu a harsuna uku: Rasha, Karelian da Finnish. Duk da haka, Disamba 29, 1937 aka karɓa ta gyara version ba tare da karshen ta slogan. Wannan shi ne saboda fara a yankin na danniya da Finnish yawan jama'a.

A gudanarwa na jamhuriyar

An muhimmanci mataki ya kafa jam'iyyar da gwamnati, kamar yadda wani ƙasa, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na RSFSR. Karelian ASSR aka lura da matsayi na wani m administrative-yankin naúrar, don haka shugaban zartarwa ikon da aka majalisar jama'ar kasar Commissars, da kuma jam'iyyar na'ura da aka mayar da hankali a cikin jam'iyyar Republican tsakiyar sashin jiki na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU (b) (a wani lokaci - CC CP (b)).

A postwar lokaci Sovnarkoma inji aka maye gurbinsu da ma'aikatar, ciki har da a cikin filin. Sake Kama shãfe kowane jamhuriyar da mulkin kai, wanda wani bangare ne na Tarayyar Soviet. Jamhuriyar Hukumomin na binciken yankin da aka karkashin jagorancin ministan cikin Karelian ASSR.

Ayyukan soji a kasar

Location batu zama akai-akai lokacin da nake toshe a cimma bukatun da kasashe makwabta. Saboda haka, a cikin kaka na shekara ta 1939, yakin duniya na II ya fara, da batun tsaro na Leningrad, ya kuma kewaye yankin ya tsananta da yawa. A nesa na game da 25 km daga birnin da aka Soviet jihar iyakar da Finland. Tare da kai tsaye mamayewa na ƙasa na Turai sojoji a kasar daya daga cikin yaƙe al'umman Turai ta zama sosai real dakarun kai tsaye wuta. Ya iya haifar da wani shãmaki zuwa Soviet Navy, located in Kronstadt, harbi da bindigogi, located a kan iyaka line iya sosai farmaki da masana'antu yankunan Leningrad. Don hana irin wannan labari, da Soviet jagoranci a Oktoba 1939 sa a gaba a yawan bada shawarwari a Finland, cikinsu da musayar yankuna. Musamman daga makwabciyar jihar da aka bukata ba rabin na Karelian Isthmus kuma da dama tsibiran a Gulf na Finland. Bi da bi, Tarayyar Soviet tabbas samar Karelia, yankin da ya biyunta. Finland bai yarda da wadannan sharuddan, kuma tattaunawar tsakanin jihohin dai ta.

yankin canje-canje

Nuwamba 30, 1939, cikakken sanin da rashin bege na halin da ake ciki, Tarayyar Soviet ta fara da Soviet-Finnish yaki, wanda kuma zama da aka sani da Winter War. A Disamba 1 an sanya hannu da farko "yarjejeniyar of Friendship da kuma Mutual Taimakon tsakanin USSR da Finnish Democratic Republic." Shirya don sabon iyakoki, don samar da shiri na kan iyaka kufaifan. Saboda haka, sharuddan da kwangila da aka amincewa mai rabin Finnish Karelia ƙasa. A ƙarshen Winter War a watan Maris 1940, a lokacin da Soviet Moscow, da yaƙe jam'iyyun sanya hannu a yarjejeniya da su. Tarayyar Soviet shi ne a zubar da cikin sashin na Hanko barikin soji da kuma wani sizeable kudu maso yammacin yankin na sashin, wanda hada da Kexholm, Sortavala, Vyborg, Suojärvi iyakacin duniya gabashin ɓangare na Ikklesiya tare da ƙauyukanta, da kuma Alakurtti Kuolajärvi.

goma sha biyu Jamhuriyar

Tun Afrilu 1940, da Karelian ASSR aka canza kama zuwa Karelian-Finnish SSR. Bisa ga wannan sharuddan na Moscow yarjejeniya a cikin abun da ke ciki a babban yankin a Finland da aka hada.

Gudanarwa-yankin canji ya karu jihar da kuma shari'a matsayi na jamhuriyar da kumbura da hakkin daga cikin jama'a, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da al'adu ci gaba. Bayan hira, da Karelian cin gashin a cikin Lithuanian SSR Yuli 8, 1940 wani sabon gashi na makamai da aka kafa.

Karelian-Finnish SSR zama ƙasa gwabza kazamin fada a cikin yaki na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Nazi Jamus. A 1941, wani babban bangare na kasar da aka shagaltar da kuma fito a lokacin rani na 1944.

City da maki Karelian ASSR

Kananan da yankin da aka da Karelian ASSR. Birane da garuruwa sun kananan in lambar kuma sun Finnish, Karelian sunan. A administrative cibiyar na Jamhuriyar ne Petrozavodsk. Ya riga a wannan lokaci shi ne mafi girma a birnin. A matsayi na administrative cibiyar na Petrozavodsk ne yanzu. Na biyu birni na Republican karkashi na Sortavala ya. Karelian ASSR ya game da dozin biranen yankin mika wuya. Yana Belomorsk, Kem, Kondopoga, Lahdenpohja Medvezhegorsk, Olonets, Pitkäranta Pudozh, Segezha, Suojärvi.

Bisa ga Republican dokokin birane da asusun ya na kullum. Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar baya yankin ne a hankali canza kama zuwa samu cigaban yankin, me ya sa damu game da 'yan kasa, wanda ya so ya inganta rai yanayi, ba a karshe wuri.

Farfadowa da na'ura na matsayi

The mutuwar I. V. Stalina a 1953 da kuma abubuwan da suka biyo siyasa, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da al'adu da kuma akida hali kai tsaye shafi makomar da kuma talakawa 'yan ƙasa, da dukan yankin. A matsayi na Karelian-Finnish Jamhuriyar cikin Tarayyar Soviet aka sake bita. Bisa ga umurnin Koli Soviet na Tarayyar Soviet da shi aka dawo da matsayin mulkin kai zuwa Yuni 16, 1956 ta sake zama wani ɓangare na RSFSR, amma rasa take da kalmar "Finnish".

A lokacin da wannan batu da aka sake tsarafa, akwai wani wargi: "... da jamhuriyar aka soke, saboda shi same biyu Finns - fininspektora da Finkelstein."

A alama ce abu akan sake haihuwa m ƙasa zama jiha flag na RSFSR, wanda ya sha wahala ƙarin inscriptions a Rasha da kuma Finnish.

A dangane da hira da Lithuanian SSR a cikin mulkin kai na Agusta 20, 1956, tare da qananan canje-canje da aka kerata tsohon Jamhuriyar gashi na makamai. Wasu masu bincike suna karkata zuwa yi imani da cewa wannan taron shi ne m da rabo daga cikin ƙasa shekaru da dama masu zuwa. Karelian cin gashin kanta Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar wanzu har 1991. Hypothetically, da yankin zai iya zama mai zaman kanta raba jihar, amma shi ne binciken da RSFSR ne dalilin cewa ya - Gudanarwa-yankin naúrar, batun na yau da Rasha, wanda yana da matsayi na Jamhuriyar, kira Karelia. Its babban birnin kasar shi ne har yanzu birnin Petrozavodsk.