Mene ne antonym san kowane schoolchild

A makaranta a Rasha darussa da koyi, cewa shi ne da antonym, fara da 2 azuzuwan, kuma lokaci-lokaci bayan haka gaba da ilmi game da wannan ra'ayi. Saboda haka, a cikin Girkanci, shi a zahiri tana nufin "da" - anti da "sunan" - onoma. Wannan kalma na iya amfani ne kawai ga nau'i-nau'i daga kalmomi. Tare da girmamawa ga guda kalma - taba! Saboda haka, saɓanin ma'ana - kalmomi da lexical gaban ma'anar (misali, cutarwa - amfani antonym).

A irin ma'aurata na iya shiga daya kawai kalmar da magana:

• suna tare da suschestvitelnys.
• siffa da wani siffa.
• fi'ili fi'ili .
• yar bab to yar bab.
• Tarayya da wani participle.
• gerund zuwa gerund.
• bigire da bigire.

Kada samar da irin wannan biyu:

• kusan duk na magana da;
• kalmomi cewa nuna a fakaice jinsi (mace da namiji - ba antonymous biyu).
• sunaye da ciwon haƙiƙa darajar (msl, wani littafin, mai gidan da kuma kamar).
• dace sunayen (ba za ka iya karba a biyu daga contrastive ce "Moscow", "Rasha", "Bulus", "Murka", da dai sauransu).
• numerals.

Taƙaitawa a kan samuwar irin wannan nau'i-nau'i:

• daban-daban stylistic canza launi;
• kalmomi tare da gajeren da kuma augmentative suffixes (kamar ruwan sama - dozhdische - ruwan sama).

Antonymy shubuha kalmomi

Musamman da hankali zasluzhivyut shubuha kalmomi. Alal misali, kalmar sabo da dama ma'ana. Don kowane daga cikinsu za ka iya karba kamar wata antonymous:

- Fresh burodi - stale burodi.

- sabo lilin - datti wanki.

- sabo iska - zafi iska.

Ganin cewa irin wannan wani antonym shubuha kalma, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa shi ne kuma zai yiwu samuwar wani biyu daga cikin guda kalma tsakanin ta daban-daban znacheniyami.Naprimer, kalmomin nan "don ganin". A farko ma'anar kalmar - "don karanta, don ganin wani abu." Na biyu ma'anar - "ba su gani ba, miss, kuskure."

Bambanci a cikin tsarin saɓanin ma'ana:

• guda kafe (msl, noiseless - m).
• raznokornevye (msl, ƙarfin hali - tsõro).

Wannan sabon abu a cikin harshen sanya shi yiwuwa a gina wani stylistic adadi. Shi ne ba kawai sanin abin da saɓanin ma'ana, wannan - da ikon haifar da daban-daban images da taimakon harshe.

A farko sabon abu - da antithesis

An gina a kan kaifi bambanci da ma'anonin kalmomin, saboda haka da yawa godiya ga ta tuna da sunan gargajiya ayyukan, "yaki da zaman lafiya", "iyaye da 'ya'ya", "lokacin farin ciki da na bakin ciki", da dai sauransu

Na biyu sabon abu - wani oxymoron

Wannan adadi dogara ne a kan mai hade da m ji. Daga cikin wallafe-wallafen sunayen amfani da oxymoron za a iya kira "Hot Snow," "The Living gawar", "Matattu Rayukan".

Godiya ga hujjõji ilmi cewa irin wannan wani antonym, zaka iya gane wadannan stylistic Figures a cikin nazarin wallafe-wallafe.

Bugu da kari, a cikin Rasha harshen rarrabe da wadannan saɓanin ma'ana:

• The kowa da harshen - amfani a rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma a wallafe-wallafen matani (misali, dare - rana).
• ya kunsa - kalmomin su ne saɓanin ma'ana ne kawai a cikin wasu mahallin (misali, "Wolves da Tumaki").

Shubuha kalmomi, homonym, dangantawa, antonym su sa shi ya aukaka kuma mafi ban sha'awa, suna quite sau da yawa amfani da karin magana, da faxin, da wallafe-wallafen matani da kuma jawabin.

Domin kayyade saɓanin ma'ana akwai na musamman kamus shawarar da ma'aikatar ilimi, edited Vvedenskoj LA Kolesnikov NP, Lvov MR