Me ne matasan mota? Mafi riba Hybrid Vehicles

Hybrid motoci ne sannu a hankali, amma lalle ci gaba da yaki domin matsayi a cikin duniya mota kasuwar. Mafitar shahararsa ta wannan model da kuma samar da taimako quite haƙiƙa dalilai - steadily tashin farashin man dizal da kuma fetur, da gabatarwar more stringent bukatun ga yi da kudin-tasiri na sabon muhalli matsayin for injuna.

Hybrid Vehicles: Mene ne wannan?

"Hybrid" a Latin - abu samu a sakamakon hada da abubuwa na iri-irin asalin. A duniyar mota fasaha a wannan ra'ayi ya hada da wani hade da iri biyu powertrains. Shi ne game da ciki konewa engine (ICE) da kuma wani lantarki motor (madadin - motor, a matsa iska). A wannan zamani mota masana'antun ba da fifiko ga fasaha da makamashi gudanar da tsarin.

Akwai iri biyu ikon shuke-shuke da mota hybrids - cikakken (full hybrids) da kuma hur (m hybrids). Na farko zaži ya shafi equipping mai iko lantarki motor mota, yadda ya kamata su guda biyu tare da ciki konewa engine da yake iya samar da motsi na da na'ura a low gudun. A Lite version na lantarki motor aka bai kawai da goyon bayan rawa.

A takaice yawon shakatawa a cikin tarihi

A farko samarwa matasan motoci "Toyota" (Toyota Prius liftback) zo kashe taron line kusan biyu shekarun da suka gabata da suka wuce, a shekara ta 1997. Bayan shekaru biyu, "Honda" ya gabatar da wani model Insight, kuma bayan wani lokaci da Japan masana'antun sun shiga kasashen Turai da Amurka auto Refayawa - "Ford", "Audi", "Volvo", "BMW". By 2014, jimlar yawan hybrids sayar rundunar haye bakwai milyan milestone.

Amma kada ka yi zaton cewa ciki konewa engine da lantarki motor a cikin biyu sanã'anta kawai a karshen da XX karni. Fari maza avtogibridov a halin yanzu mu fahimtar ne Lohner-Porshe Semper Vivus - mota tsara da almara na kasar Austria zanen Ferdinand Porsche da baya a 1900.

Makircinsu na matasan propulsion

layi daya

Ga motocin a cikin abin da layi daya kewaye da aka aiwatar, shi ne mai haddasa engine na ciki ƙonewa. Iko da wutar lantarki motor taka wata rawa Tallafa, ciki har da lokacin da hanzari ko braking, regenerative makamashi da kuma hannun jari. Da daidaito da ciki konewa engine da wani lantarki mota da aka bayar da kwamfuta kula da tsarin.

m

A sauki zane na matasan abin hawa. Its manufa na aiki dogara ne a kan riwayar karfin juyi daga ciki konewa engine janareta, ya haifar da wutar lantarki da kuma zargin da baturi. Machine motsi da aka bayar da wani wutar lantarki jirgin kasa.

gauraye

Option lokaci daya ganin jerin da layi daya haihuwarka. Motsi daga tabo da kuma motsi a low gudu, da mota yana amfani da wutar lantarki gogayya, da kuma ciki konewa engine samar da janareta. Traffic a kan babban gudun auku saboda watsa karfin juyi daga ciki konewa engine ga drive ƙafafun. A gaban babban lodi samar da wutar lantarki karin ikon daukan kan baturi. The hulda da lantarki motor da ciki konewa engine aka samu da wani planetary kaya.

abũbuwan amfãni

A matasan mota hadawa da abũbuwan amfãni daga wani lantarki mota da kuma na'ura tare da engine. Abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin mota - karfin juyi fice halaye a matsayin ciki konewa engine - wani ruwa da man fetur da kuma dace makamashi Madogararsa. A farko tasiri yanayin da m Tashoshi da arba'in, da hankula gari da tuki, na biyu - a kan m gudun. Indisputable abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan jummai:

• yadda ya dace (ga wannan gudu na matasan man fetur amfani 20-25% m, fiye da na gargajiya model).
• high ikon ajiye.
• muhalli (rage adadin cutarwa watsi cikin yanayi ta hanyar m man fetur amfani).
• m birki kushin lalacewa (bayar ta hanyar regenerative braking).
• inganta a guje yi Manuniya.
• da ikon ajiye da kuma sake yin amfani da makamashi (ajiya ne da batura da musamman capacitors).

shortcomings

• High kudin, saboda da wuya daga cikin zane na da ikon shuka.
• Tsada gyara matasan motocin da matsaloli tare da zubar da batura.
• In mun gwada manyan nauyi.
• Baturi laulayi kai-fitarwa.

Abin da yi mota masu?

Car masu goyon baya a duk faɗin duniya to rayayye raba su da kwarewa na mamaya hanya, da kuma kwaikwayo na inji ta nazarin da ribobi da fursunoni na su saba model. Shin ba zama ba tare da hankali da kuma matasan motoci. Reviews na masu mallakarsu kaifin shaida ga AMINCI wadannan inji da kuma yiwuwar gagarumin tanadi na kasafin iyali, za domin sayan man fetur. A karshe amfani da matukar muhimmanci ga wadanda suka so dogon tafiya. Daga cikin disadvantages akwai wani babban goyon baya kudin na hybrids da mafi mũnin a kwatanta da classic motoci, cornering kwanciyar hankali.

Top da mafi kyau model

Toyota Prius ( "Toyota Prius")

Majagaba hybrids iyali, sanye take da biyu lantarki Motors (ikon 42 kW da 60 kW), a hade tare da ciki konewa engine na 1.8 lita (damar 98 l. C.). Iyakar gudun - 180 km / h. Godiya ga araha farashin da kuma kwarai man fetur da tattalin arziki, Toyota Prius shekaru da yawa, shi ne wani shugaba cikin sharuddan tallace-tallace tsakanin fafatawa a gasa, ta kashi.

Toyota Camry Hybrid ( "Toyota Camry")

A matasan hawa a cikinta sosai tattali, m zane, ta'aziyya, high processability. Wani amfani da sakewa a Toyota Camry tsakanin 'yan'uwanmu hybrids, - m hanzari (for 7.4 seconds, wannan model iya hanzarta zuwa 100 km / h).

Ford karfin wuta ( "Ford karfin wuta")

Practical hudu Fe da kyau kwarai Gudun halaye. Sauya matasan (toshe-in matasan abin hawa). Yana sanye take da wani fetur engine (girma 1.4 lita, 84 lita iya aiki. S.), Block lithium-ion batura da ciwon dogon sabis rayuwa, da kuma lantarki motor tuki cikin mota. Mileage a kan wutar lantarki a birane - game 54-60 km.

Volvo V60 Toshe-a ( "Volvo V60 Toshe-a")

Da farko tsakanin avtogibridov model turbodiesel engine (girma 2.4 lita, 215 lita iya aiki. S., Average amfani da man da 100 km ne 1.9 lita). The yiwuwar lantarki motor na dizal tashar wagon yarda auku a kan wutar lantarki 50 kilomita.

Honda Civic Hybrid ( "Honda Civic-")

Car developers sun dogara a kan irin wannan muhimmanci mabukaci halaye kamar yadda ta'aziyya, man fetur tattalin arziki da kuma practicality. Babban aka gyara daga cikin shahararsa na Honda Civic Hybrid - Compactness, strikingly juxtaposed da damar matasan godiya ga na musamman zane mafita, yadda ya dace da kuma m zane.

Al'amurra, ko da wani gajeren jawabi da ya yi da son ranmu

Hybrid fasahar yana da magoya bayan da kuma abokan adawar. Wasu mutane sun amince da su dacewar da tasiri, yayin da wasu ba su da taya su nuna shortcomings. Idan ka riga ya mallaki wani classic mota tare da wani dizal ko fetur engine, ka so ta zane, low man fetur amfani, fasaha da kuma cika halaye, yana yiwuwa cewa ba lallai ba ne su yi sauri tare da sayan wani matasan. Jira har sai da masana'antun za su kawo wa tallatar mafi m version.

Kamar ba su samun ma miƙa jiran tsari, don haka kamar yadda ba su yi nadama game da rasa lokaci da kuma mamaki me ya sa ka an tunzura kashe buying. A cewar masana, da matasan abin hawa a kusa da nan gaba zai zama wani kowa gani a kan titunan manyan birane da kananan garuruwa. A lokaci guda annabta wani gagarumin fadada daga cikin data kasance model kewayo. Hybrids zai dauki wani cancanci wuri a kowane sashi mota jerin - daga supercars zuwa crossovers da minivans-ma'aikata.