Alama na hyperkalemia - da wata ãyã daga wata cuta a cikin abin da ya karu zuwa dora muhimmanci mafi girma daga 5 mmol / l potassium matakin a jini magani. A cikin jikin mutum, potassium yafi mayar da hankali a cikin kwayoyin halitta, tabbatar da kiran DNA da kuma gina jiki, ci gaban kwayoyin halitta, aikin al'ada na enzymes, da dai sauransu. 2 kawai na potassium shine a cikin ruwa mai laushi. Sakamakon gyare-gyare da ƙwayoyin jiki suna tallafawa matsakaicin potassium, wanda shine na farko da ke ɗauke da potassium daga jiki, kuma na biyu na samar da potassium a cikin kwayoyin jikinsu na ruwa. Ayyukan potassium shine samar da damar lantarki na tantanin halitta. Alamar hyperkalemia a cikin matsakaicin mataki shine ragewa a cikin ƙwayar jikin jiki da jijiyoyin jiki da kuma tsoka, wanda ke rinjayar karuwa a cikin haɓakar sel. Idan maida hankali da potassium a cikin jini ya kai zuwa 7.5 mmol / l, kwayoyin sun rasa hasarar su gaba daya.
Hyperkalemia: bayyanar cututtuka na cutar
Hyperkalemia yana tare da lalata kwayoyin halitta da ragewa a cikin haɓaka, wanda zai haifar da rauni na tsoka, paresis da gazawar numfashi. Ayyukan zuciya na cardiotonic na potassium yana nunawa ta tudun T a cikin electrocardiogram. A wasu lokuta, cutar tana shafar tsawon lokaci na PQ da kuma fadada ƙwayar QRS, tare da rage jinkirin AV-conduction da hasara na P. Duk waɗannan bayyanar sun haifar da fibrillation da asystole ventricular.
Symptom of hyperkalemia: dalili na
A cikin mutane masu lafiya, yin amfani da potassium a manyan allurai yana da wuya a haifar da cutar. A primary hanyar cuta a cikin al'ada na koda aiki - adrenal insufficiency. Da bambanci, oliguric OPN tada matakin potassium a cikin jinin a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ba tare da karuwar kayan potassium ba. A cikin yawan marasa lafiya tare da ciwon gurguntaccen kodayaushe, rashin daidaituwa na aldosterone yana ɗauke da mataki na hyperkalemia, wanda ke da alhakin potassium. Wannan yanayin da aka yawanci lura a m nephropathy, tubulointerstitial koda cuta da kuma lalacewar juxtaglomerular na'ura.
Sanin asali
Hyperkalemia aka gano da dakin gwaje-gwaje gwaje-gwaje na magani don potassium da electrocardiographic jarrabawa.
Jiyya na hyperkalemia
Alamomin farko na hyperkalemia kada a manta. An fara farawa mai tsoka da ke barazana ga rayuwar mai rai tare da allurar rigakafi na allurar gluconate a kowane 2-3 hours. Kara alli abun ciki a cikin jini tayi kuma qara dokin m bambanci tsakanin mataki m da kuma sauran, rage excitability na Kwayoyin. Kyakkyawan gwamnati na sodium hydrogencarbonate yana inganta sauyawa daga potassium daga ruwa mai kwakwalwa kai tsaye a cikin sel. Kuma don hana hypokalemia, insulin yana injected intravenously, wanda ya kara aiki na sodium-potassium famfo da, ta haka ne, cin potassium a cikin sel. Don rage potassium a cikin kwayar magani, ana yin musayar musayar sodium phosphate cellulose, sau da yawa hada shi da sorbitol. Dalilin resin yana da kyau don rigakafin cututtuka a ARF. Alama na hyperkalemia wanda ci gaba a mataki cire tare da hemodialysis ko peritoneal dialysis da bezkalievym bayani.