Marine kifi. Saltwater kifi: da sunan. Sea abinci kifi

A marine ruwa, kamar yadda muka sani, gida zuwa wata babbar iri-iri daban-daban dabbobi. Quite babban rabo daga cikinsu akwai kifi. Su ne - wani ɓangare na wannan ban mamaki yanayin kasa. A bambancin da vertebrate jinsunan mazaunan tekuna da kuma tekuna ne daukan hankali. Akwai quite crumbs ciwon tsawon na daya santimita, kuma akwai Refayawa, kai goma sha takwas mita.

karkashin ruwa duniya

Da kuma yadda dadi teku kifi! Friends jerin mana daga yara m sunayen: pollack, herring, capelin, saury, cod, hake, halibut, rockcod ... Akwai kuma mafi m samfurori. Alal misali, teku doki, iya motsa a tsaye matsayi a cikin ruwa shafi ne ma ban sha'awa cewa a cikin iyali na wadannan kifaye haihu maza. Ko Whale shark - mafi girma a teku kifi, samu saboda ta size a Guinness Littafi na Records (da nauyi ya kai talatin da hudu ton, da kuma tsawon iya wuce ashirin mita). A duk da wannan Whale shark yana da matukar zaman lafiya da mutane disposition, da kuma ciyarwa kawai a kan plankton. Matsananciyar iri iri, wani lokacin gudanar da taba shi, kuma ko da kai a tafi a baya. Wani musamman mai ban sha'awa teku mazauni - mudskipper. Domin kifin yana da wani sosai m halitta na jiki: ta wutsiya damar tsallake badake da ƙege maimakon hannuwansu da aka bai wa damar matsawa a kan ƙasar. Mudskipper na kama kadangaru, amma gaban ƙege da kuma gills nuna a fili cewa wadannan m dabbobi kasance a cikin kifi.

Yana da wuya su yi tunanin yadda za yafi ban mamaki mazaunan ta'allaka a karkashin ruwa. Kuma a iyakacin duniya da kuma wurare masu zafi yankunan gana saltwater kifi. Sunayen daruruwan sabon bincike jinsunan a kowace shekara, mun ji daga cikin masana kimiyya. Haka ne, ba abin mamaki da suka ce cewa zurfin teku ne ma ya fi muni fiye da karatu da expanses na sarari! Wannan talifin zai magana game da abin da su ne daban-daban na marine kifi, magana game da amfani da sinadirai masu halaye na daban-daban vertabrate. Hakika, za mu iya kawai shãfe a kan mafi kowa iri, ga wani total fiye da dubu talatin.

Commercial teku kifi. Hotuna da sunayen

Fiye da wata uku na duniya kama up kasuwanci kifi - wadanda aka halin high yawan yawa da kuma high ƙarfi. Rarrabe pelagic kifi a cikin tẽku, surface kuma a cikin babba yadudduka (mackerel, herring, tuna), kasa da kasa kifi rai a kasa ko a kusa da tushe a cikin kasa yadudduka (cod, plaice, pollock, halibut). An lura da cewa a cikin vitro diluted sana'ar kamun kifaye teku kifi. irin wannan nau'in jerin ba zai lissafa gaba ɗaya: su ne wakilan iyalan flatfish, mackerel, carangidae da yawa wasu. Next, mun gaya game da wadanda mutane da suka yi sama da taro na dukiya a kan store shelves.

cod kifi

Dukkan mambobi na wannan iyali bambanta kadan mai nama (yawanci up to kashi daya) da kuma babban mai reserves a cikin hanta (saba'in cikin dari). Babban jinsunan - cod, black cod, haddock, Saffron cod, hake, bano, hake, pollock.

1. COD

Zai yiwu daya daga cikin mafi kyau edible kifi, halin da m fari nama, abin da hidima mai kyau tushen furotin, da kuma rashin kananan kasusuwa tsoka. Yana mallaka sun yarda da juna sinadirai masu halaye da kuma abubuwa a matsayin wata halitta albarkatun kasa domin samar da kifi mai. Shi ne kuma mai amfani hanta da kuma cod Roe.

2. Haddock

Shi yana da matukar dadi da kuma nama sãbo, daga dukkan cod. A counters iya zo a karkashin sunan "cod", amma haddock za a iya sauƙi bambanta da baki stripe. Wannan marine kama kifi a cikin talakawan shekara-shekara girbi girma mukamansu uku a duniya, na biyu kawai pollock da kwasfa. Shahararren domin da kyau kwarai ma'auni na ma'adanai a cikin abun da ke ciki. A kyau tushen potassium da sodium. Haddock sau da yawa shirya abinci da abinci.

3. Black cod

Popular saltwater kifi. Names za a iya samu daban-daban - kifi mai, ci kifi. Sauran Gadidae daban-daban Sikeli, da ciwon wani karfe reflux. Yana yana da kyau kwarai dandano, mai arziki a cikin fats: Omega-3 m acid a cikinta zuwa hamsin cikin dari mafi girma daga cikin kifi. Black cod ƙunshi mai yawa niacin, selenium, bitamin B12. Da amfani ga mutane tare da raunana na rigakafi da tsarin, high cholesterol, waɗanda suka sau da yawa fuskanci danniya da kuma tashin hankali.

4. Navaga

Kasu kashi Pacific (Far East) da kuma Arewa. A farko irin halin da manyan size (mutum auna har zuwa daya kilogram), amma shi ne nuna godiya da masu amfani da kasa. Pacific navaga yana da wani rougher kuma ba kamar yadda dadi, flavorful kuma m matsayin arewa, nama. Wannan fari teku kifi ne a low-kalori.

5. Burbot

Akwai iri biyu na kama kifi burbot: ja da fari. Better saya kifi na farko irin: duk da cewa yana da wani karami (nauyi zuwa daya kilogram, yayin da fari bano iya isa wani nauyi na hudu kilo), shi dandani fi kyau. A general, da daidaito da nama na wannan kifi ne coarser fiye da na cod. Fat ne kusan ba ya nan (0.1 bisa dari).

6. hake da hake

Very kusa da juna marine kifi (ƙananan hotuna). A total akwai game da goma iri. Skin-sikelin cover fentin a launi daga yellowish-azurfa, da launin toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa, kuma kusan baki. A kan ingancin nama ne a fili m zuwa cod: quite m, da fari, tare da dandano mai kyau, kyakkyawa mai (har zuwa hudu da cent mai).

7. Pollock

Wannan benthic marine kifi kowa a Arewa Pacific. A tsawon kai casa'in da santimita, da kuma nauyin - hudu kilo. Found a Asiya (Bering, Japan, Sea na Okhotsk) da American Coast (Monterey Bay da kuma Alaska). Atlantic Pollock zaune a cikin Barents Sea. mai sauqi don dafa nama na wannan kifi: za ka iya tafasa, jerk, toya, gasa a tsare. Ya ƙunshi wani m kewayon amfani abubuwa: bitamin A, C, PP, E, B-kungiya, chlorine, potassium, da baƙin ƙarfe, alli, aidin da sauran ma'adanai. Fat ciki - har zuwa kashi biyu cikin dari.

zurfin kifi

A wannan iyali zahiri ware fama da halibut. Su mabukaci Properties ba daya suke ba. Daga cikin Far fama ne mafi kyau yellowfin, wanda yana da haske rawaya fins, zheltopolosaya, duhu kuma Japan. Daga cikin flatfish iyali kuma aka sani nautical harshe. Wadannan kifaye su kan halin da elongated jiki da kuma matukar dadi nama. Kullum, a cikin tẽku mai zurfi, rayuwar akalla ɗari biyar flatfish jinsunan.

1. zurfin

Haka kuma an kira teku kaza. A nama na wannan kifi ne fari, da dadi, babu kananan kasusuwa (sai taurari zurfin, wanda kashi samuwar suna warwatse ko'ina cikin jiki). Fat ciki - daga daya zuwa biyar bisa dari. Cancanci shahararsa da Arewa Sea ra'ayoyi, kazalika da kowa a cikin Atlantic plaice. Wannan saltwater kifi ya bambanta flattened jiki da kuma mai ban sha'awa tsari na ido. Nama zurfin - mai tsaron ɗakunan ajiya na selenium, bitamin A da kuma D, shi ne kaunar da connoisseurs of m dandano, amma a lokaci guda, ba kowa da kowa likes ya peculiar karfi wari.

2. Halibut

The best-sani jinsunan - Greenland, baki da kuma halibut. Wannan m teku kifi (mai abun ciki - daga biyar zuwa ashirin da biyu cikin dari) da fari da dadi da kuma nama sãbo, ciwon dadi da dandano. Halibut, musamman Khingan - mai kyau tushen m acid (ɗaya da ɗari grams yankin nama - daya gram na Omega-3 m acid), shi ya aikata wani kadan daga kashi. Cike da magnesium, potassium, selenium, phosphorus, bitamin B6, kuma B12. Wannan kifi zai kare ka daga atherosclerosis da arrhythmia, inganta jini ya kwarara da shakatawa da jijiyoyi da kuma jijiyoyinmu da kuma rage da juriya.

bonito kifi

A cinikayya darajar wannan iyali da aka sayar a karkashin sunaye daban-daban. Akwai Far, Kurilskoe, Atlantic (teku), Black Sea Azov-mackerel, bonito, tuna. Matsayin mai mulkin, da naman wadannan kifaye wajen kitse, babu kananan kasusuwa, m.

1. Mackerel

Daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri kifi a Rasha. Ba kowa ba ne ya sani cewa mafi amfani - kaka mackerel, a wannan lokaci, ta kitse ya kai talatin bisa dari na da kansa nauyi, yayin da kitsen mutane da spring kama ne kawai uku cikin dari. Wannan saltwater kifi ƙunshi mai yawa Omega-3 m acid, bitamin B12 da kuma D.

2. tuna

Rarraba a cikin Atlantic ruwa, kai a m yadudduka da ruwa surface. Wannan gregarious predatory babban kifi. Yana da matukar thermophilic, don haka a cikin Black Sea zai bayyana ne kawai a watan Yuli da watan Agusta. A tsawon kai hudu mita kuma ku auna nauyi a kan rabin ton ne. Wannan shi ne wani riya kyauta ga wani masunci. Rarrabe skipjack, albacore, yellowfin, dabbare, bigeye tuna. A nama ne daban-daban low mai abun ciki - har zuwa kashi biyu cikin dari.

3. Bonito

Bisa ga jiki siffar wani tuna, amma proportionally rage. Wannan gregarious predatory kifi rãyukansu, a cikin Black Sea ya kai wani nauyi na bakwai kilo, kuma a tsawon - tamanin da biyar santimita. Bonito, kamar tuna, zafi-auna, don haka hunturu je Tekun Marmara, da kuma Black Sea a cikin ruwa Shoals baya quite tsautsayi, saboda haka ya kama irin wannan mutum ne da wuya yiwu. Bambanta da yawa irin bonito: Sarkin mackerel (wahoo), monochrome bonito, Savary, hange bonito da sauransu. Wadannan kifaye nama ne haske a cikin launi, m daidaito da kuma m ƙanshi ƙunshi daga biyu zuwa biyar bisa dari kitse (ban bonito guda launi da ciwon mai abun ciki na har zuwa ashirin cikin dari).

carangidae kifi

Gaba daya akwai game da ɗari biyu da jinsunan. Bayan da doki mackerel, wannan iyali ya hada trevally, Vomero, lihiyu, yellowtail da sauransu. The doki mackerel nama, wanda yana da grayish launi, mai abun ciki ne tsakanin biyu da hudu cikin dari. A mafi dadi - desyatiperaya kifi da nauyi, da shi da ɗan fi girma fiye da saba. Scad daban-daban irin dandano da wari (m). Oiliness trevally - rabin yawan maki, Vomero - daya ko biyu da cent, Leahy - uku zuwa biyar cikin dari.

Scorpionfish kifi

Duk irin wannan iyali ne kudi ne samuwa a karkashin sunan "teku bass". A Atlantic, da kasuwanci da darajar da talakawa perch Sebastes mentella (beaked Whale) a cikin Pacific Ocean - da jan kifi. Atlantic jinsunan dauke da shida cikin dari kitse, kusan sau biyu karami mai yana da Pacific kifi. Sea bass - mai muhimmanci da albarkatun kasa don dafa abinci, Yana samar da matukar dadi kifi broth.

sparidae kifi

Pagrus Cuban irin kifi, bream, kifi-chon, hakori Scapa - duk wakilan sparidae iyali. A kan shelves, su zo karkashin guda sunan "Ocean irin kifi." Mallaka low kitse (biyu da cent), m da kuma nama sãbo. An togiya cikin sharuddan mai abun ciki ne kawai Scapa, da nama ya ƙunshi bakwai zuwa goma bisa dari kitse. A dandano tunatar da wakilin sparidae irin kifi. Dourado ma kira teku irin kifi da kuma gilt-kai bream. Bayyanar da shi a bit m, amma nama - dadi, m, tare da kadan adadin kashi. Saboda gaban unsaturated m acid, ciki har da myristic, palmitic, lauric, wannan saltwater kifi da amfani sosai. Cin Dorado, za ka ajiye zuciya daga kufan free radicals da kuma hana samuwar jini clots.

nototheniids kifi

A cikin Antarctic a 'yan shekarun nan, sun ƙware da sana'a da dadi kifi - rockcod da sauran membobin wannan iyali: teku goby, toothfish, Squam. Daga cikin wadannan jinsunan da fattest mutane - Toothfish (dauke da ashirin zuwa ashirin da biyar cikin dari kitse), biye da marmara rockcod (takwas zuwa goma sha shida da cent) The Squam (hudu zuwa shida da cent) da kuma gobies teku (rabin kashi). kifi da nama ne fari data, m, flavorful, babu kananan kasusuwa.

croakers kifi

The iyali ta ƙunshi har zuwa ɗari da hamsin jinsunan. Daga cikin cinikin sunayen mutane isa a kantin sayar da shelves, mu ne mafi kyau a san teku kifi, kifi-kyaftin (otolith), croaker, umbrine. The kama akwai lokutta a nauyi daga daya zuwa goma ko goma sha biyu kilo mai zuwa uku cikin dari. Kada talakawan kifi da nama ne ba m da kuma ba ma m, da manyan - m fiber. All mambobi ne na iyalin croakers, musamman umbrine da otolith ne m jinsuna, saboda kusan babu dandano da wari daga cikin teku, a kan sinadirai Properties kama gargajiya kifi samu a m ruwaye. Trout piroksidinom arziki a cikin bitamin A da kuma E, Omega-3 acid. Wannan m da kuma dadi kifi an ƙaunar da masu amfani da kuma umurni ne sashi a da yawa jita-jita.

herring kifi

Zai yiwu, akwai wani mutum wanda akalla sau daya a cikin rayuwarsa bai ci herring. Kowane Rasha yaro ne da aka sani tun suna yara. Wannan kifi yana mai matukar muhimmanci da sayar da muhimmancin, ya rataya, yafi a arewacin sassa na Pacific da kuma Atlantic tekuna. A herring yalwa da gina jiki, bitamin A, polyunsaturated fats. Duk da haka, kamar yadda yana da yawa ƙasũsuwa, wanda, duk da haka, ba su daina lashe mai girma shahararsa a tsakanin yawan jama'a. Sau da yawa herring amfani da gishiri form. A cikin Netherlands, da ake kira "zauren" manyan kyafaffen kifi, da kuma kananan gishiri - "bekling".

smelt kifi

Mafi shahara wakilin wannan iyali - capelin. Wannan kananan marine kifi ne kusan krugopolyarnoe rarraba: a arewacin sassa na Atlantic (Barents Sea) da kuma Pacific, da Arctic. Masu amfani da wani lokacin kau da kai araha kananan kifi. Kuma domin kyawawan dalilai. Yana shakka kamata a kunshe a cikin abinci! Ina kuma iya ka sami sosai potassium, aidin, sodium? Amma da capelin a cikin kantin sayar da ba su da masu Cats - dabbobi son wannan kifi. Yana kadan connective nama da kuma a lokaci guda mai yawa m acid da kuma gina jiki (game da ashirin da uku cikin dari) na cewa ƙananan jini cholesterol matakai, a hankali cire daga jirgin ruwa bango plaque. Capelin za a iya dafa shi sosai da sauri, mafi dadi ta jũya a kyafaffen da soyayyen.

a ƙarshe

Marine kifi, photo, kuma bayanin abin da aka bã a cikin wannan labarin - shi ne, ba shakka, kawai karamin sashi na duk vertabrate cewa rayuwa a cikin ruwayen tekuna. Mun yi magana ne kawai daga waɗanda jinsunan cewa masu amfani da suke da muhimmanci. Da zarar a kasar Alhamis aka dauke kifi rana. Yanzu, duk wani nau'i na kifi, musamman a teku, ya bayyana a mu alluna kusan a kowace rana. Wannan ne sauƙi bayyana: nama mazaunan cikin tẽku mai zurfi yana dauke da zama dole mutum lafiya fats, amino acid da kuma bitamin. A wannan teku kifi a dubagari ya kiyasta fiye da amfani sabo da ruwa gare shi kusan ba ya shafar mutum tasiri a kan muhalli, haka mazaunan tekuna kasa gurbata da nauyi karafa, dauke da wani m ga mutane radionuclides da magungunan kashe qwari.