Ma'adanai na Jamhuriyar Komi: sandstone, quartzite, aluminum tama, ci-qazanta adibas, halitta dutse kayan

Komi Jamhuriyar - batun da Rasha Federation, na Arewa maso yamma Tarayya District.

janar bayanai

A yankin da aka located a cikin Turai ɓangare na kasar, a cikin matsananci arewa-maso-gabas, da yamma da Urals. Jamhuriyar Square ne 416 800 sq.km. Manyan biranen - Syktyvkar - babban birnin kasar na jumhuriya, Vorkuta, Sosnogorsk, Inta, Ukhta, Vuktyl, kuma Pechora Usinsk. Komi Jamhuriyar iyakokin kan Yamalo-Nenets, Nenets da Khanty-Mansi cin gashin kanta Area, Arkhangelsk, Kirov da Sverdlovsk yankuna da kuma Perm yankin.

72% na yankunan shagaltar da gandun daji na yankin. Tare gabas na Jamhuriyar Komi mai shimfiɗa Ural Mountains. Sauran batu - shi swamps, tundra da olenmi makiyaya da gandun daji tundra. Akwai biyu manyan koguna: Vychegda da Pechora. A Komi Jamhuriyar shi ne mai arziki a cikin zurfin tabkuna.

A Komi Jamhuriyar aka located a cikin temperate da subarctic sauyin yanayi zones, don haka akwai wani dogon, sanyi winters da kuma lokacin bazaar, a daya hannun, shi ne sanyi da kuma gajeren. Sau da yawa akwai zato canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki da kuma na yanayi matsa lamba, cyclones, nauyi ruwan sama.

A batu ne sanaki wakilan 130 kasashe! 65% na su - da Rasha. A na biyu wuri wakilan Komi mutane, su 24%. Shi ne kuma gida ga Belarusians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Komis Izhma, Chuvash, Mari, Bashkir, Mordovian, Udmurt, Nenets, Komi-Permian, da sauransu.

labarin

Har zuwa karshen cikin XV karni, da yankin ƙasar ya ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Novgorod, sa'an nan ya koma Moscow State. Saboda haka, na farko fitar dashi furs, kuma a tsakiyar karni XVIII kusa da Ukhta kogin ya fara fitar da man fetur. Saboda da matsananci sauyin yanayi a yankin a lokacin da aka kadan mazaunan.

A farkon 30-ies na XX karni a Komi Jamhuriyar gano kwal, amma shi ya fara samun a cikin Great Patriotic War. A waɗannan shekaru iri guda domin fitarwa na itace, dogo da aka gina da kuma man kwal.

Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet a cikin 90s karni na ashirin da ya zo da rikicin a cikin masana'antun na jamhuriyar.

albarkatun kasa

Ma'adanai Komi Jamhuriyar taka muhimmiyar rawa ga kasar. A yankin shi ne babban ci tasa, da kuma man gas lardin da kuma wuraren waha na man shale - da jamhuriyar ne mai arziki a cikin makamashi da albarkatun.

A batu na manyan hannun jari na man fetur da gas da kuma man fetur shale, peat, ferrous da kuma wadanda ba ferrous karafa, rare, warwatse da kuma rare duniya karafa, mai daraja karafa da lu'ulu'u. Common titanium, manganese, chromite tama da kuma aluminum.

Nonmetallic albarkatun ma'adinai na Jamhuriyar Komi za a iya amfani da a matsayin Mining sinadaran, hakar ma'adinai, piezooptic da ma'adini kayan. Akwai kayan for metallurgy, kayan ado, gemstone da kuma ma'adinai yi kayan.

sosai gandun daji masana'antu ci gaba a kasar. A fannin gandun daji ne 38.9 kadada miliyan. Har ila yau, a cikin Komi Jamhuriyar mai yawa ma'adinai, sabo da masana'antu ruwan karkashin kasa.

burbushin habaka

A mafi muhimmanci albarkatun na Jamhuriyar Komi ne burbushin habaka. Musamman shi wajibi ne don ware ci-qazanta adibas. Mafiya yawa na su sun mayar da hankali a Pechora ci tasa. A nan, 213 ya kai tan biliyan na ci reserves, wanda bincika duk biliyan 9.

A Nenets cin gashin kanta Okrug da Komi Jamhuriyar aka located Timan-Pechora Basin, 60% na abin da yake danyen mai albarkatun. Its ma'aunan kasa albarkatun - 4 tan biliyan. Akwai kuma kusan 3 tiriliyan cu m ³ na hydrocarbon gas.

A Timan, kusa da kauyen na Nyamed a Izhmy tasa ne m filin asphaltites - m halitta bitumen. Wannan samfurin ne karfi supergene canje-canje a farfajiya na man fetur. Asphaltites tara a mai jimloli wani tafki adibas. Timan ajiya da aka dauke su daya daga cikin mafi arziki a Rasha.

Peat - a sedimentary dutse kafa ta jari na undecomposed a fadama har karshen amfanin gona. Peat bogs ne fiye da 10% na dukan ƙasa na Jamhuriyar, domin a nan manyan reserves na peat - game da 1 ya kai tan biliyan.

Deposit na man shale - hudu waha: Bolshezemelskaya, Izhma, Yarengsky da Sysolskiy. Mai shale ne sedimentary ma'adanai kunshi ma'adinai da kuma Organic abubuwa (silicon, da yumɓun, da dai sauransu), rabo yankakke.

Mining da kuma sinadaran raw kayan

Ma'adanai na Jamhuriyar Komi aka gabatar, da kuma karafa da kuma sinadaran raw kayan. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, phosphates. Suna ci gaba a kan Karja-Khoi, da iyakacin duniya Urals, Timan, kazalika a iyo wuraren waha kuma Vym Sysola koguna.

Tun da XII karni a cikin yankin raya gishiri samar. Industrial reserves na dutse da potassium gishiri suna located kusa da kauyen na Seregovo kuma har zuwa 2.7 ya kai tan biliyan. A kowace shekara shi da aka mined daga game da 6000 ton na edible gishiri.

A Komi Jamhuriyar, biyu adibas na barite - Natural barium sulphate. Hoylinskogo reserves na filin adadin zuwa kusan miliyan 40 ton, shi ne dake kusa da garin Vorkuta. Palninskoe filin yana da wani karami reserves - a kusa ton miliyan 17.

A kan kogin Arewa Keltma River a Kudu Timan sami kananan adibas na 'yan qasar sulfur.

Mining da kuma masana'antu albarkatun kasa

A Ural-Zemlya lardin sani manyan adibas fluorite - alli fluoride, wani m ko translucent dutse gilashin luster da bambance bambancen launi. The most na bincika adibas - Amderminsk bar shi ya tanadi adadin zuwa fiye da miliyan 1.5 tons.

Adibas na dutse crystal a duwatsun iyakacin duniya Urals aka gano a 1927. Kamar yadda piezooptic raw kayan crystal suka fara samar a cikin farkon 1930s. A Arewa Timan a tonsils agate sami kananan lu'ulu'u crystal.

Halitta dutse kayan

A yankin sami halitta dutse kayan kamar farar ƙasa, kuma dolomite - carbonates na magnesium da alli. The most ci gaba filayen ne Belgopskoe. An located in Ukhta yankin, ta reserves adadin zuwa fiye da miliyan 15 m ^3.

Gypsum - halitta dutse abu, wani ma'adinai daga aji na sulfates - aka samar a filayen biyu. A Ust'Tsilma ta reserves ne 70 ton miliyan, a kan Izhemsky - a kan 150 ton miliyan.

A Komi Jamhuriyar shi ne mai arziki a cikin sandstones, quartzites da crystalline kankara. Alal misali, a cikin Tsakiya Pechora yana da dakarun ajiya wanda yana da manyan reserves na ma'adini gilashi Sands.

semiprecious raw kayan

Wani rukuni na ma'adanai na jamhuriyar - shi ke yankan da polishing duwatsu. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, yaƙũtu, prehnite, ma'adini, amber da gurneti. A iyakacin duniya Ural faruwa kayan ado ma'adini jinsunan iyakacin duniya Ural - yaƙũtu ne da Arewa Timan - prehnite, aluminum silicates, da alli.

Domin ornamental duwatsu sun hada da marmara, agate, Jade, serpentinite, Jade da yasfa. A Timan, da iyakacin duniya Urals bincika reserves na agates a kan Karja-Khoi - Jasper. A iyakacin duniya da kuma na iyakacin duniya Urals iya samun marmara kankara: m - a kusa da layin dogo Seida-Labytnangi, rawaya da launin toka - a cikin ta Kudu Timan, kuma a kusa da tashar Halmer-U. Bayyananen na serpentinite ake samu a cikin daruna na Great molasses Vangyr da Kosyu a iyakacin duniya Urals, da adibas na Jade da Jade samu a iyakacin duniya Urals.

Amfani Komi Jamhuriyar albarkatun aka gabatar a Diamonds. Ga aka sãme su a Devonian da paleorossypyah, akalla - a Arewa da kuma Middle Timan zamani placers, rare Finds gano a cikin Arewacin Urals.

Ore ma'adanai

A yankin yana da manyan adibas na titanium tama, game da 30% na dukkan hannun jari na CIS kasashe. A mafi bincika adibas - shi ne Yaregskoye. Contents leucoxene nan ne 20-30%.

A Jamhuriyar Komi na kowa aluminum tama. Mai haƙar lardin da aka bude a tsakiyar da kuma Kudu Timan a karshe 'yan shekaru.

Gold tama sau da yawa ya gana da iyakacin duniya da kuma na iyakacin duniya Urals, kazalika da Timan. The mafi ban sha'awa suna dauke da masana'antu placer zinariya a cikin Timan headwater Tsilma, Nivshery da tansy da Kozhym tasa.

ƙarshe

A Komi Jamhuriyar shi ne mai arziki a cikin mai, iskar gas da kuma ci. Saboda ƙara da burbushin habaka za a iya kira da yankin da babban man fetur tushe na Arewa Turai ɓangare na Rasha. Bugu da kari, batun mayar da hankali gandun daji da albarkatun ruwa.