Luis Corvalan: Biography kuma Family

Luis Corvalan (photo dauka daga baya a cikin labarin) - daya daga cikin shugabannin jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Chile. Goyon bayan da aka muhimmanci da zuwan su iko a 1970, Salvador Allende, na farko zabe akidar Karl Marx shugaban kasa a Hemisphere ta Yamma. Ya mutu a Santiago, Yuli 21, 2010 yana da shekaru 93 da shekaru. Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Chile ya sanar da mutuwar da "babban baƙin ciki."

ally Allende

A jam'iyyar, wanda shi ne mafi girma kungiyoyin 'yan gurguzu a Latin America, ya kasance zaunanniyar hagu kawance karkashin jagorancin likita da shugaban na Socialist Allende. Ba tare da goyon bayan 'yan gurguzun da nasararsa a zaben shugaban kasar a kananan gefe a shekarar 1970 ba zai yiwu ba.

Allende, wanda nationalized Chilean masana'antu a lokacin da ya jagoranci kasar, ya kashe kansa, bayan da aka kifar a wani juyin mulki na soja a shekarar 1973, Corvalan, ya kusa shawara, suka gudu bayan juyin mulkin. Da makaɗaicin Ɗansa aka azabtar, amma ya ƙi ya bayyana da whereabouts mahaifinsa.

Ba domin 70th ranar tunawa

Daga baya HRC shugaban da aka samu da kuma kurkuku. Shekaru uku a duniya busa taken: "Freedom for Luis Corvalan!". A karshe, Disamba 18, 1976 a Zurich Airport kama musanya ga Soviet DiSSiDENT Vladimir Bukovsky.

Brezhnev, wanda 70th ranar tunawa aka yi bikin na gaba rana, nace a kan wannan kyauta. Chilean ne ya manufa na Latin American kwaminisanci da kuma mai karfi da ya jiɓinci da Tarayyar Soviet.

Corvalan zo daga baƙauye yanayi. Ya zama daya daga cikin mashahuran gurguzu a kudancin Amirka, a lokacin da uku da suka gabata manyan Chilean jam'iyyar kwaminis. Ya tsananin bi jam'iyyar line, shigar a Moscow, har zuwa goyon bayan Tarayyar Soviet ta mamayewa na Czechoslovakia a shekarar 1968, da kuma inda wannan layi ya zama ƙara kira ga mafi hadin gwiwa tare da ba-gurguzun, Luis Corvalan ce akida maneuvering. "Ba mu sa duka Christian Democrats a daya kwandon" - ya ce a cikin Congress of jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Czechoslovakia, Magana game da kungiyoyin da suke zuwa da dama daga cikin akidar Karl Marx hadaka.

sukar lamiri Allende

Corvalan soki tattalin arziki management gurguzu shugaban kasar da kuma nisanta kansa daga jarrabawa da yawa sãshensu waliyyai a cikin kawancen na m juyin juya halin a Cuba style. Ba kasancewa jin tsoro ya dubi ra'ayin mazan jiya tattalin arziki, ya ce cewa, an yanke shawarar Allende tãyar da ma'aikata 'Hakkin ba tare da kara yawan aiki da aka dalilin da hauhawar farashin kaya.

Luis Corvalan ji m isa ya soki lamirin shugaban kasar da kaina, cewa, ya gangara zuwa mutuwa da kuma fara maimaita. Allende "ya nuna alamun stagnation," rubuta jarida Corvalan a 1997, ya kara da cewa "mutane ta motsi ya cigaban kara ya fi shi."

A fadin ra'ayi da yawa quntata lõkacin da ta je bukatun na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. Bayan wata ziyara a kasar Sin a shekarar 1959, ya yaba da kasa na tsarin kula da Markisanci. Amma a lokacin da a 1961 da dangantakar dake tsakanin Sin da Rasha soured Corvalan wadai Maoism.

Ya kuma an zabe Chile ta jam'iyyar kwaminis sakatare janar a shekarar 1958 da kuma gudanar da wannan post har 1990.

Luis Corvalan: biography

Luis Nikolas Korvalan Lepes (ya daga baya kika aika na karshe wasika daga cikin uwa tasa ta larabci ba, ya zama Lepe) da aka haife Satumba 14, 1916, a Pelluko, kusa da Puerto Montt a kudancin Chile. Ya kasance daya daga shida yan'uwa maza da mata. Uwarsa yi aiki a matsayin seamstress. Lokacin da Luis ya 5, mahaifinsa ya yi watsi da iyali. Yaron koyi karatu da taimakon wani uwa, wanda ya rayu gaba kofa.

Corvalan aka karatu ya zama wani malami a cikin malamin Tome da samu a diploma a 1934, amma ko da a baya, a 1932, ya samu aiki a matsayin marubuci da kuma edita na gurguzu jaridar "People ta Front", "Century" da sauransu. A da ya gabatar na Chile da aka sarrafawa mutane da kuma zama ga mutane.

Jam'iyyar kwaminis aka dakatar a shekarar 1947, da kuma Luis Corvalan kasance a cikin wani taro a zangon Pisagua. Bayan da legalization na HRC a shekarar 1958 aka zabe shi da birnin majalisa na Concepcion da kuma sau biyu Sanata Nyuble lardin da kuma Aconcagua da Valparaiso.

Luis Corvalan: Family

A nan gaba shugaban na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis na Czechoslovakia na aure Lily Castillo Riquelme a shekarar 1946 a birnin Valparaiso. Suna da yara hudu: dan Luis Alberto, da kuma mata uku. Ɗana ya mutu daga wani ciwon zuciya a Bulgaria a shekaru 28. Da matarsa da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Vivian da kuma Maria Victoria, tsira Corvalan.

key ally

A cikin 1970s, na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Chile ya game dubu 50. Members, yin shi ne mafi girma a wani bangare na hadin gwiwa bayan da Allende socialists. Corvalan jam'iyyar da aka gani a matsayin wakilin duk kwaminisanci sojojin Kudancin Amirka, ta samu nasara a zaben ganin darajarsa. Kuma ya hango ta girma da tasiri. By da 70 ga watan shekara ta HRC ya kasance 20% na kuri'un. Its mambobi suna da irin shahararren mutane a matsayin mawãƙi Pablo Neruda, da marubuci Francisco Koloane da songwriter Victor Jara.

Duk da haka, na gida gurguzu an dauke tsakaitãwa, kuma Corvalan m. "Yanã pedantic magana, monotonous haihuwa-kera kayayyaki da kuma huluna kamar ta ba tsara don wahayi zuwa gare su da Chilean matasa", - da jaridar "New York Times" a 1968.

Kuma Corvalan fara canza ta image. Ya fara saka haske dangantaka, murmushi a kamara kuma inda kodayaushe tare da matasa kwaminis a mini-skirts.

mulkin soja ne

Pinochet juyin mulki Satumba 11, 1973 saka kawo karshen kokarin da gwamantin hadin kan kasa. Dubban mutane ne suka rasa rayukansu, da aka kama da kuma azabtarwa. Bayan da gwamnatin Allende da aka fitar da gudu Corvalan, soja da iko a bin shi, kama dansa Luis Alberto. Ya aka azabtar, amma ya yi shiru.

Bisa ga Chilean latsa, Corvalan gudanar ya tsere godiya ga matarsa da 'ya'ya mata.

a ƙarshe

Corvalan amma nan da nan aka gano da kuma kurkuku. A watan Oktoba 1973, kisa da aka dage saboda wani m muhawara a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Chilean wakili nace cewa jumla ya ba tukuna An ƙaddamar. Corvalan daga baya kaso na cin amanar kasa.

A 1974, a lokacin da ya aka tsare a cikin Chilean kurkuku a kan Dawson Island a mashigar na Magellan, Tarayyar Soviet bayar da Corvalan International Lenin Peace Prize da fanned abin kunya, m ya saki a cikin daban-daban na duniya forums.

musayar bully

The United States, mukaddashin matsayin tsakiya, sun amince a kan ta musayar. Mr. Bukovsky, wanda ya rubuce da cewa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, Soviet nonconformist aika zuwa tabin hankali asibitoci, an sake ta Kremlin da kuma zaunar da su a Ingila. Luis Corvalan aka kuma saki daga kurkuku.

Warware, Luis Corvalan, yara da matarsa tafi Moscow da kuma fara rayuwa a matsayin manyan jami'an kasar. A cewar wasu rahotanni, ya yi roba tiyata da kuma mayar da su zuwa Chile incognito a 1980s don tsara juriya ga gwamnati. Bisa ga Likita, Luis Corvalan kafin da kuma bayan roba - ne biyu daban-daban mutane. Ya thinned hanci da eyelids dauke.

Corvalan reappeared a fili cikin Chile a shekarar 1989, lokacin da Janar Augusto Pinochet rasa da zaben, kuma ya yi aiki a kan memoirs for shekaru, wanda bai taba aka kammala. A lokacin zaman talala, ya hada kai tare da Volodey Teytelboymom da sauran kõre shugabannin jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Czechoslovakia mayar da kusan rafke na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Chile. A Tarayyar Soviet, Corvalan zata mutuncin zargi daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ga gazawar da Popular Unity gwamnati. Kamar yadda daya jam'iyyar functionary, Lenin sanar da mu, shi ne bai isa yin juyin juya hali, wajibi ne a san yadda za a kare shi.

Chilean hanya

Don Lucho, kamar yadda suka kira Corvalan abokan aiki sun dogon bayar da shawarwari cikin lumana hanya zuwa gurguzanci ta hanyar gudanar da zabe da kuma a cikin tsarin na kundin tsarin mulkin kasar. Ya ciki rikici shi ne cewa ba zai iya ba, a cikin shekaru uku na Popular Unity gwamnatin yanke shawara su tafi tare da gane tsarin mulki hanyar da ba mutane domin zaschischity kwaminis ci. Amma kamar yadda ya sau daya colorfully sa shi, a mararraba ba su canja dawakai. Ba za ka iya ba zato ba tsammani tafi daga aiki a cikin tsarin na kundin tsarin mulkin kasar don gwagwarmaya da makamai, ko da yake a shekarar 1973, ya dage a kan cewa da yawa hagu. Luis Corvalan har yanzu gamsu da cewa a cikin yanayi na Chile ta kasa gwamnatin iya kawai ci a lokacin da shi zai sami da goyon bayan da cikakken rinjaye na yawan jama'ar, umurni ne "m canji". Kuma shi ke nufi don jawo hankalin wani babban yawan masu jefa kuri'a da Kirista-demokra] iyya imani. A wannan lokacin ba shi yiwuwa.

jingina da hadin kai

Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Chile sha wahala daga wani tsaga, kamar yadda a karkashin mulkin kama karya Pinochet ya kasance wani ɓangare na shi a karkashin kasa, da kuma management ya gudun hijira. Bayan da yawa bincike da kuma ciki zargi a 1980, da kuma jagoran jam'iyyar ta Corvalan kaddamar da manufofin da "salla rare tawaye." A wani kokarin kifar da mulkin soja ya shirya ayyukan ɓarna da gangan, hare-hare a kan bankuna da kuma ikon wadatar. Kuma a shekarar 1983, aka kafa ta m reshe na jam'iyyar, da Patriotic Front Manuel Rodriguez, wanda a shekarar 1986 ya yi ƙoƙari mara nasara a kan Pinochet. A sakamakon haka, biyar na ta masu kare lafiyarsa aka kashe. Babba abin yabo shugaban HRC ne cewa jam'iyyar, ko da yake da yawa ya raunana da juyin mulki, ya kasance united.

Luis Corvalan rubuta litattafai da dama, ciki har da "The Gwamnatin El Salvador Allende", "gurguzu da kuma dimokuradiyya" da kuma memoirs.