L. I. Brezhnev: jana'iza, kwanan, photo

A shekarar 1982, a gidansa dacha "District 6" rasu L. I. Brezhnev. The jana'izar yana da pompous hali a cikin tarihi da Tarayyar Soviet, to ta yi bankwana da shugaban Socialist Jamhuriyar samu halartar wakilan kasashen 35 na duniya.

Taqaitaccen Tarihin Brezhnev

Leonid Brezhnev aka haife shi a Ukraine a Kamenka a kan Disamba 19 a shekarar 1906. A lokacin shekaru 18 a matsayin shugaban da mafi matsayi a cikin tarayyar Soviet. A nan gaba sakatare janar shi ne babban dan a wani iyali na ma'aikata, bayan ya haifi Yakubu, da kuma addini. A 1915 ya shiga cikin makarantar sakandare, inda ya kammala a cikin 1921. A shekarar 1923 ya samu karbuwa a cikin Komsomol. 1927 sauke karatu daga kwalejin surveying, ƙasar surveyor, bayan samun digiri, ya yi aiki na farko a gida, sa'an nan aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Urals.

A shekarar 1935 ya sauke karatu daga yamma baiwa DMI (Metallurgical Institute) tare da wani injiniya digiri. Ya yi aiki a cikin Red Army siyasa malami har sai 1936, a cikin wannan kammala karatunsa rates na motorization, bayan da ya ciyar da su leftana. A 1950, na farko sakataren kwamitin tsakiya na Moldova, a 1954 aka canjawa wuri zuwa Kazakhstan. A shekarar 1964, ya halarci a cikin ƙungiyar biya diyya N. S. Hruscheva daga mukaminshi, kuma ko da ya miƙa wa jiki da matakan da ya kawar.

A wannan shekarar 1964 Oktoba 14, Brezhnev an zabe na farko sakataren CPSU kwamitin tsakiya. A cewar Biryukova, manufa nufi a matsayin wucin gadi awo a zabi wani babban sakatare general. Amma Leonid Ilyich kaddamar da wani m shirin komawa zuwa ga Leninist ka'idoji, da kuma a cikin 'yan watanni, babu daya tunani game da korar da shugaban jihar.

stressful aiki

Stalin ware fitar abõkinsa na da yawa masu gadi na mamaki yi, amma ko da yaushe sarrafawa da ayyukan Brezhnev. Lokacin da Leonid Brezhnev ya kai na metallurgical shuka, da aka cika dare da kira, na yau da kullum danniya da kuma overwork. A cewar matarsa, Victoria Petrovna, don haka kamar yadda ba su fada daga cikin "keji", mijinta yi aiki domin kwana a karshen. Constant tashin hankali, wanda aka ba ko da a yarda shakata for a rana, da wata babbar lambar taba kyafaffen gurgunta Brezhnev ta kiwon lafiya. Michael Zhiharev, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a Kazakhstan, ya ce Leonid Ilyich suma daga ci, ya aka dauke su zuwa asibiti, amma bayan 'yan sa'o'i ya kasance baya a wuraren aiki.

Kan daidai da m gajiya, Brezhnev ta kiwon lafiya gurgunta tsoro. A unpredictable yanayin Stalin ta shirkinku rikici da kuma m hankalin mutane zuwa da ayyukan a wani matsayi m wannan kuzari mutum. Amma duk da haka Stalin yi falala a kansu aiki abokinsu, sai ya ce: mafi duqufar da mutum - shi ne Brezhnev. The jana'izar Stalin, ya gunki da kuma shawarta, Leonid Ilyich sha wahala kamar yadda kwatsam buga daga baya. A jana'izar da ya yi kira, ba ya boye ya motsin zuciyarmu.

Domin sirri tunanin daga diary, na farko bugun jini ya faru a shekara ta 1959 bayan da wani kaifi zance da Kirichenko A. I. dukan halin da ake ciki da wahala da cewa Brezhnev da kansa bai son asibitoci da kuma likitoci. Ya aka dauke da wuya haƙuri wanda da wuya a ci gaba a cikin gado. A shekarar 1968, babban sakataren jam'iyyar daukawa mai hawan jinni rikicin dama a cikin Kremlin, sun ƙi da za a asibiti da kuma kokarin aiki a kan. A sakamakon haka, matsalolin da ya fara jawabin na'urar. A 1974, masana tarihi, watch da faɗuwar rana m siyasa Brezhnev.

dare na mutuwa

A safiyar Nuwamba 10 Victoria Petrovna, matar Brezhnev, ya tsaya a 8, da nas sanya ta allura, insulin. Leonid Ilyich sa a kan gefen, kuma ba ta da tashe shi up. Vladimir Sobachenkov, shugaban matsaransa Sakatare Janar, ya tafi zuwa ga shi da minti 20 daga baya, ya bude da gida mai dakuna labule, ya juya a kan kadan haske. Bayan kusa dubawa, saurayin ya gane cewa babban sakataren ba numfashi, kuma nan da nan ya kira da m kula naúrar. Doctor Chazov Karna Maiya Na tafi zuwa 12 minutes kafin motar asibiti ta mota. The likita da kaina sanar da mutuwar mijin Viktorii Brezhnevoy kuma tambayi matsara sanar da masifu daga cikin mafi girma hukumomi.

Pribytkov V. (ma'aikaci na kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis) sharhi:

"Ina da aka buga da cewa da dare ya ba da mutuwar wani likita post a kasar."

Medvedev V. (matsara) ta tuna da:

"Mun san cewa da za for kwana. Kowane so taron bai faru ba a motsi. "

jana'iza Ranar Brezhneva Leonida Ilicha aka nada ta musamman umurnin Nuwamba 15.

Nuwamba 11, 1982

A wannan rana, kasar ba su sani ba game da mutuwa da babban sakataren. Official sanarwa da aka buga kawai a kan Nuwamba 12 amma har yanzu ji cewa wani abu da ya faru. A cikin sa'o'i 12 na rana nan da nan soke duk azuzuwan a makarantu, Railway tashoshin zoba, da kuma Red Square. A talabijin, canji shirye-shirye, fina-finai da kuma nisha maimakon shirya shagali sa tarihi wasan kwaikwayo da kuma rawa.

Gaggawa kafa Hukumar "da Kremlin ta jana'iza." Brezhnev aka hawa zuwa birni asibitin, inda tufafinsa da kuma amfani dashi. Alhakin aiki Andropov nada a matsayin nan gaba gaje ga babban sakataren.

Mutane ta bala'i

Nuwamba 12 a 10 am a kan talabijin da aka sanar da labarin rasuwar na Leonida Ilicha. A sansanin na makoki, soke dukkan ayyukan. Brezhnev zamanin ƙare. A mutane na Rasha, duk da seditious labaru game da nono kara girma ga umarni da kasãla diction, ƙaunar sakatare janar. Wannan lokacin ya fara yabanya aikin jarida da kuma bugu, bayan Stalin ta m katsalandan. Ko da yake gidan da kuma bai san farashin daga cikin samfurin, Leonid Brezhnev tambayi ga statistics kowane mako, kuma ya san daidai nawa kilo tumatir. A mafi himma daga son zuciyarsa ya tabbatar wa duniya cewa ko da a karkashin gurguzanci mutane za su iya rayuwa, a ci gaba.

Amma, tuna da wannan mummunan murkushe janaizar na Stalin, wanda ya kashe mutane da dama, gwamnatin rufe dukkan hanyoyi zuwa Moscow. Don girmama ƙwaƙwalwar iya kawai zaba 'yan ƙasa da kuma wakilan kasashen waje jihohi. Brezhnev, wanda jana'izar mamaki tunanin da ta sikelin, muhimmanci da kuma ikon yinsa, daga Mourning bikin a karshe tafiya tafi a karkashin cikin bakin ciki tunani game da nan gaba canje-canje a kasar nan.

Aikace-aikace jana'izar (mataki 1)

Daga Nuwamba 12 zuwa 15 har zuwa a kasar makoki. An haramta gudanar da duk wani ayyukan, rufe makarantu, kindergartens, yawancin kamfanonin da masana'antu. A talabijin da rediyo soke dukan shirye-shirye watsa shirye-shirye na gargajiya rawa.

Brezhnev jana'izar labarinsa fara da wani ban kwana a cikin House of Kungiyoyi. A Hall of ginshikan iya zo da wani don bayyana karshe haraji ga sakatare-janar na sararin kasa. Girmama ƙwaƙwalwar na wata tawagar India, karkashin jagorancin firaministan kasar Indira Gandhi, da kuma shugaban kwamitin zartarwa na PLO, Yasser Arafat kungiyoyi.

Nuwamba 15, daga 5.00 am zuwa 11.00 am - Watch makoki girmamawa mambobi ne na Politburo, da fice Figures na art da al'adu, da wakilan da kuma ministocin tattalin arziki sassa. Ambaci isa Lardi Pimen da Filaret. A akwatin gawa da aka yi wa ado da qwarai makoki darajar 40 santimita da kuma dubban wreaths.

Daga 11,00 zuwa 11,20 kusa da marigayin sun kawai dangi, da matarsa Victoria Petrovna, ya Galina, ɗan George, ɗan'uwan su Yakubu, da 'yar'uwarsu Vera.

A 1130 a karkashin sauti na jana'izar tafiya cikin akwatin gawa sanya a kan wani gun karusa da kuma sannu a hankali dauka daga cikin zauren a kan Red Square. A farko a bankwana motorcade sun 'yan uwa, abõkan tãrayya Sakatare Janar,' yan Politburo, jihar da kuma shugabannin jam'iyya. Kafin marigayin kwashe wreaths kuma qwarai, kazalika da yawa awards.

A 12,45 cikin akwatin gawa da aka saukar a cikin kabari. National take, bayan da gaisuwa daga manyan bindigogi, humming masana'antu, inji, hada da wani alamar ban tsoro a kan jirgin, kuma kwata - wata alama ce da cewa Brezhnev mutu. Jana'iza tafi zuwa ga mataki na biyu.

Aikace-aikace jana'izar (mataki 2)

A 13,00 cikin shugabannin jam'iyya da kuma shugabannin tashi zuwa kabarin. Ya fara farati na Moscow Garrison.

Makoki haduwa bude Andropov, bi da wani ban kwana da jawabai da aka sauran kawayenta sakatare janar. Bayan da wakilan kasashen waje kasashen zo biya haraji ga kabarin wani mutum mai girma.

A dukan ƙasar kallo live kamar yadda aika wa karshe tafiya Brezhnev Leonid. The jana'izar watsa shirye-shirye a kan tashar farko na Ostankino talabijin da rediyo.

The labari da real curiosities

A farko farantin a bikin da aka halin da ake ciki tare da umarni. By hadisin, kowane tare da umarni kuma lambar yabo ya kamata a sa a kan wani raba matashi. Amma lada da yawa, don haka muka yanke shawarar yin 'yan umarni fiye da rage Brezhnev jana'izar. Leonid Brezhnev, duk da izgili, ba kawai ƙaunar da samun umarni, amma kuma tare da wannan yardar bã su daga wasu.

Na biyu labari ne game da auku akwatin gawa ƙaryatãwa kome da kaina ba a bikin. A cewar su, a buga da cewa a talabijin sauti kamar sauti na fadowa abu, shi ne gun volley, wanda tare da binne su kuma jana'izar Brezhnev. "Kika aika da akwatin gawa" - shi ne implausible labari.