Kwakwalwar muhimmi tsakiya.

A karkashin haushi na kwakwalwa located anatomically raba rukuni na guda biyu Tsarin - muhimmi ganglia (ganglia). Tare da sauran nuclei matsakaici da kuma diencephalon suka tasiri cikin mota aiki, wanda yana da wani aiki da wasu fiye da cerebellum. A bambanci shi ne muhimmi nuclei na kwakwalwa hemispheres dauke da wani kai tsaye labari daga cerebral bawo. Ganglia shafi cikin mota bawo na kwakwalwa da hannu a fahimi kuma wani tunanin ayyuka.

Basal ganglia muhimmanci shafar cerebral bawo. Su tabarbarewa take kaiwa zuwa rushewa daga ƙungiyoyi. A cuta ne saboda muhimmiyar rawa a kaikaice tsarin na mota damar iya yin komai. Idan muhimmi ganglia na cerebral hemispheres da ake gittar da cutar, da bayyanar cututtuka da wadannan: sosai tsoka sautin da hali. Basal tsakiya laushi motsi da ke faruwa a lokacin "fara-up" na cerebral bawo, da kuma hana maras so motsi. Shiryar da tsinkaya samu a layi daya. An fara daga frontal yankunan, somatic azanci da kuma mota yankunan, kazalika da kambi yankin, a ɗakin, wuyansa.

Kwakwalwar muhimmi tsakiya hada da striatum, ciki har da amygdala, shinge, lenticular da caudate tsakiya.

- Mindaleobraznoe jiki ne dake a cikin boko yankin. A wannan yankin, ɓawon burodi da ɗan thickened.

- Fence ne waje daga core (ruwan tabarau-dimbin yawa). Yana yana da nau'i na wani farantin kauri biyu millimeters. A gaban part aka thickened. A cikin kaikaice gefen halayyar bulging na launin toka al'amarin. Tsakiya iyakar shinge santsi.

- lenticular tsakiya aka located m daga caudate. Kananan gungu na fari al'amari ne zuwa kashi uku core sassa.

- da caudate tsakiya ne da hannu a cikin samuwar daga cikin manya Kakakin na kaikaice ventricle bango.

A muhimmi ganglia ba su da wani kai tsaye hanya zuwa laka. Daga cikin striatum ga substantia nigra yankin na raga da kuma tsakiya kodadde ball shirya mai hanawa (GABAergic) zaruruwa. Su aikin fuskantarwa dangane da kara rinjayar da zumudi na thalamic nuclei a cikin sassan na mota bawo da alhakin dole motsi.

Organization tsaye ba hanya ne quite rikitarwa. A tsari kunshi a suppressing da zumudi na thalamus ga mota bawo sauran zone. A farko sashe na waƙar da birki qunshi GABAergic striatal tsinkaya zuwa a kaikaice globus pallidus. Last birki aika zaruruwa zuwa tsakiya na thalamus. Jimloli m core cika zaruruwa. Wasu daga cikin su aika zuwa kodadde kaikaice ball. Sauran zaruruwa matsawa wajen reticular sashi daga cikin substantia nigra, kuma da tsakiya kodadde Sphere. Daga wannan shi ya bi cewa idan kunna sakamako na kai tsaye hanyar da striatum qara excitatory aiki na mota bawo, kaikaitaccen hanya aiki raunana.

Tabarbarewa na subcortical nuclei take kaiwa zuwa cuta na mota damar iya yin komai. Sun zama ko dai wuce kima ko ba ya nan gaba ɗaya. A matsayin misali, ya kamata haifar da Parkinson ta cutar. Mutanen da suke an hõre irin wannan cuta, samun fuska-mask. Walking aka yi a kananan matakai. Man da wuya a fara da kuma daina motsi. Akwai rawar jiki (tremor) wata gabar jiki, ta ƙara tsoka sautin. Akwai Parkinson ta cuta saboda da madugu na jijiyar da ƙeta na abu striatum. Da shan kashi na striatum take kaiwa zuwa ba dole ba ƙungiyoyi: jerking cikin wuyansa, kuma na fuska tsokoki, da jiki, da makamai, kafafu. Akwai iya zama wani karin aiki a cikin nau'i na aimless motsi na jiki.

A ƙarshe, ya kamata a lura da wani dangantaka ta kai tsaye da 'yan adam-da ikon na al'ada aiki na kwakwalwa. 'Yar alamar karkacewa a kwakwalwa take kaiwa zuwa cututtuka daban-daban, nakasa, da kuma wani lokacin a total inna. Saboda haka, da rauni kamata a kauce masa, kada ka bijirar da kanka to ba dole ba haxari ga tsoma bakin hadarin.