Jima'i haifuwa a cikin mafi girma da kuma ƙananan jinsunan Flora

Farfagandar halayyar duk kwayoyin. Wannan na samar da ikon haifa da mayẽwa, kuma a ci gaba da rayuwa. A kwayoyin da cewa suna da wani cell siffar tsarin, da kiwo dogara ne a kan division.

daban-daban rarrabuwa iri haifuwa an samarwa da daban-daban masana kimiyya. Kullum dauke da iri uku haifuwa: vegetative, jima'i da kuma asexual.

A karshen harka, da cin gaban kwayoyin ne da za'ayi daga rai guda cell ba bambanta jima'i. Domin vegetative haifuwa halin da ci gaban da kwayar kwayoyin daga germs, wani lokacin wuya a bambance.

Jima'i haifuwa na shuke-shuke ta fara da samuwar na jam sel (gametes). A bukatarsa haifuwa an rage wa hadakar gametes a zygote. Wannan tsari shine ake kira hadi da watsa kayyade bayanai daga iyaye zuwa zuriya.

Gametes aka kafa a cikin al'aurar - gametangia. Flora wakilan, wanda aka halin da hadi, da a cikin su rayuwa sake zagayowar, meiosis.

Jima'i haifuwa ba halayyar for blue-kore algae, kwayoyin. Ba a samu wani hanya na haifuwa da kuma yawan fungi.

Nau'in na jima'i haifuwa a cikin ƙananan jinsunan Flora ne daban-daban. Alal misali, wasu kore algae haifuwa tsari na iya faruwa ba tare da samuwar gametes. A wannan yanayin, biyu fis-celled kwayoyin.

A ci daga gametes, wanda da flagella, kira isogamy. Jima'i haifuwa shi ne hali da yawa algae.

Unicellular algae (Chlamydomonas wasu, misali) da wasu har, da kansu juya zuwa cikin jima'i gabobin kafa gametes. A kwayar wakilan gametangia ne wasu da ba su bambanta ba daga sauran Kwayoyin ko gametangia kafa tare da morphological bambance-bambance (misali, ektokarpusa).

Domin da yawa isogamous algae halayyar geterotallizm (kayyade da kuma physiological jima'i division). Kamar wancan akwai dauke da tsatson gametes physiologically daban-daban.

Ga wasu algae ne halin da Tasrifu: akwai "ambaliya" a protoplast cell zuwa wani.

A ci daga gametes tare da daban-daban masu girma dabam na flagella, kira heterogamy. Fili bezzhgutikovoy mace gamete (oocyte) da kuma ciwon flagella (yawanci) kananan namiji (maniyyi) ne oogamy. Jima'i haifuwa shi ne hali da yawa ja, ruwan kasa, diatoms, kore algae, kazalika da wasu ƙananan fungi.

Hadi a gologamnyh, heterogamic, isogamous kuma mafi oogamnyh Flora ne da za'ayi a cikin ruwa. A yawan shuke-shuke oogamnyh ci tsari ya auku a oogonia (mace gametangia). Suna na rayayye motsi maniyyi saki a cikin ruwa. The aiki ya bayyana su zama saboda chemotaxis. Kamar wancan spermatsii ja algae (ja algae) an koma da ruwa ya kwarara - passively.

Higher tsire-tsire ne oogamnymi. Duk da haka, hadi faruwa suna da hanyoyi daban-daban. Domin mafi girma shuke-shuke suna da hankula kwayar gametangia - archegonium (mace), kuma antheridia (namiji). A m Layer na sel da al'aura gabobin ne bakarare. A archegonia ovum kafa daya a antheridia ma'ana suna kafa yawanci a high yawa.

Jima'i haifuwa ferns da mosses ne da za'ayi a cikin ruwa. Maniyyi Kwayoyin zo daga antheridium da matsawa zuwa archegonium. A nuna, a shirye su takin archegonium jawo hankalin maniyyi tsinkãyi da sirrin gamsai daga saman. Faruwa a cikin gamsai, maniyyi kusa da kwai, amma shi Yanã shigar da wani.