Yadda yawa Arab Figures zama a yau. A labarin na

Larabci numerals, kuma aka sani da Indo-Arab ne mafi sauki, sananne ga duk alamu - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 da kuma 9. Wannan shi ne amsar wannan tambaya da yadda da yawa daga Larabci numerals za a yawan goma. Don kwanan wata, su ne mafi yawan na kowa m misali na lambobin a duniya.

Fage bayyanar

Da farko yunkurin haifar da dijital tsarin da aka yi a Babila a 2nd Millennium BC. e., amma su lambar tsarin ya ba sifili.

Ana zargin Larabci numerals hade da Hindu-Arabic adadi tsarin, wanda aka saba da Farisa da aka asali amfani a kasashen Larabawa. Akwai shaida, da abin da shi za a iya zaci cewa Figures na farko ya bayyana a yankunan dake yammacin duniyar Larabawa.

A ta zamani tsari, da Larabci numerals bayyana a arewacin Afirka, sun kasance daban-daban daga wadanda amfani a kasashen yamma. A birnin Beja, wanda aka located a arewacin Algeria, sanannen masanin kimiyya Fibonacci halitta wani zamani dijital tsarin, ya kuma shi ne wanda ya zo da sama da Larabci numerals ko, a maimakon haka, sanya shi yiwuwa a gare su popularization. Aikinsa ya taka rawar a gare ta rarraba a Turai da kuma Turawa, wanda ya ciyar da su a duniya. Fibonacci ƙirƙira Larabci numerals, ba su ma san cewa baya sun yada a duniya ta hanyar kasuwanci, typography da kuma mulkin mallaka.

Yadda ya yi da sifili

Wasu na iya ze fili cewa a sifili ne wani ɓangare na wani positional tsarin, amma wannan ba gaskiya ba ne, domin shi ne gwada da kwanan nan a tarihin dan Adam. Amma a gaskiya, wannan ubiquitous alama ce cewa yana nufin "kome" ba a yi amfani da su a Turai har da XII karni. An yi imani da cewa farkon yunkurin gabatar da wani sifili positional tsarin da aka yi a zamanin d Mesofotamiya. Sumerian malaman Attaura amfani da dama gumaka da kuma alamomin, wanda a cikin ayyuka mafi kusa ga wannan adadi, hudu shekara dubu da suka wuce. Ko da yake na farko da aka rubuta takardu game da bayyanar da wannan alama kwanan rana III-II Millennium BC. e. a Babila. A musamman sexagesimal Kaldiyawa dijital tsarin wanzu hannu wanda taimaka rarrabe dubun, daruruwan dubbai kuma, amma ya aka ba amfani dabam- dabam. E., Wannan adadi ya ba tukuna samu duk da ci-gaba fasali.

Hindu-Arabic adadi tsarin fito a Indiya a kusa da 500 AD. Ta kasance mafi juyin juya halin Musulunci, domin shi ne sifili da positional tsarin rubutu. Wannan wani gagarumin ci gaba a cikin sharuddan na lissafi. Saboda haka amsar tambayar "nawa akwai na Larabci numerals" ya canza tun sifili wani cikakken adadi.

Wani lokaci a cikin wani positional lambar tsarin rarrabe Figures, kuma glyphs, alamomin, wanda aka yi amfani da hoto misali na lambobin ko haruffa. A farko shigarwa a cikin nau'i na sifili glyph kwanakin daga IX karni (a cikin tsakiyar Indiya). Wurare da dama a kiyaye Indian jan faranti tabbatar da wanzuwar hali, irin wannan, a yi aiki da sifili riga a cikin VI. n. e.

Karbuwa a Turai

Larabci numerals bayyana a Turai a 976, an tabbatar da Vigilanskim Code.
An fara da 980 ta Orilyaksky Herbert, wanda daga baya ya zama Paparoma Sylvester II na, ya taimaka, wajen ha ~ da lambobin a Turai. Leonardo Fibonacci, wani sanannen lissafi daga Pisa, wanda aka karatu a Aljeriya, kuma gudummawar da yaduwar wani sabon dijital tsarin, tun da aka rubuta "The Littafi Abacha."

Figures da lambobi

Amsar wannan tambaya na yadda da yawa daga cikin Larabawa lambobin wanzu a yanayi, mai sauki, tun da akwai kawai 10, kamar haka: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The dangantakar mutane da kuma lambobin ne bayyananne, domin Figures ne m na nuni, da kuma yawan kanta - wani ra'ayi da cewa ya nuna yawan.

Dalilin da cewa Larabci numerals aka soma a Turai, ba kawai saukaka amfani da, amma kuma a bayyanar da farko bugu latsa, wanda sanya su rare riga a cikin XV karni.

Larabci numerals a Rasha

Slavonic tsarin rubutu fãra daga cikin Slavonic haruffa, wanda aka yi amfani da kudanci da kuma gabashin kasar Slavs. Yana da aka yi amfani da har da XVIII karni, a lokacin da Bitrus I maye gurbin shi da Larabci numerals. Af, Rasha ya zama daya daga cikin na farko kasashen, wanda aka hukumance sa a cikin yin amfani da Larabci numerals.

A takaice, ya kamata a lura da cewa duk da cewa amsar wannan tambaya, da yawa Arab Figures, akwai a halin yanzu sosai sauki, positional dijital tsarin ya zo dogon hanyar samuwar. Saboda haka, haruffa, t. E. A Figures da zarar ta mashawarta India masana kimiyya na farko riƙi wurin a Arab al'adu, da kuma kawai sai ya fara yada a ko'ina cikin m duniya.

Halittar da irin wannan dijital tsarin zai ƙwarai hanzarta ci gaban duka kimiyya da fasaha. Babban dalilin da m baza da karbuwa daga Larabci numerals a kan duniya sikelin sun zama hijirarsa da kuma fitowan da bugu, wanda sanya shi yiwuwa a sanar da su da mazaunan dukkan nahiyoyi.