Ina da kogin Dnepr fara? A farkon da Dnieper River

Ina fãra Dnieper River? A lokacin da aka kafa da kuma abin da yake cikin tarihin ta ci gaba? Wannan da sauran ban sha'awa da maki game da ban mamaki da kuma babban kogin, za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Sunan kogi, ban sha'awa abubuwa game da Dnieper River

Akwai da yawa versions game da sunan wannan kogi.

A lokacin da Scythians kira ta Borysthenes, wanda ke nufin "gudãna daga arewa." Mutanen da suke rayuwa a cikin lokaci a kan ta bankuna, da ake kira borisfenitami.

A zamanin d Roma, kogin da aka kira Danapris, kuma daga baya samo asali a cikin Dnieper. Abin sha'awa, a zamanin da tarihin da aka rubuta kalma a matsayin Dnѣpr.

Dan majalisa da kuma Slavutych Dnepr aka kira a zamanin d Rasha. A lokacin, ya na daga cikin manyan harkokin ciniki hanya a haɗa muhimmanci cibiyoyin: Black Sea yankin da kuma Baltic Amirka.

Inda ya fara da ƙare da Dnieper River? A manya-manyan nesa daga tushen zuwa bakinka. Dukan tsawon na kogin a kan ta biyu bankuna na babban adadin ƙauyuka. Mutane da yawa birane da sunan da ya hada da sunan da kogin: Dnepropetrovsk, Dneprorudnoe, Dnipropetrovsk, Verhnedneprovsk.

A bit na tarihin samuwar cikin kogin, labarin kasa

Kamar mai girma kõguna Don kuma Volga, Dnieper hali aka kafa a lokacin da Ice Age. Long hannayen riga kankara miƙa zurfi da nisa cikin kwari, kai latitudes na Dnipropetrovsk. Wannan m na zamani taimako na bankuna da kuma gado na Dnieper.

Ina da kogin Dnepr fara? Tare da rafi, located a kan gangara na Valdai Hills. Next, kogi ne samun karfin da aka canza kama zuwa wani iko da kuma shipping yankunan kusa da birnin Smolensk. Yana da kusan kilomita 300 daga wurin da kogin Dnepr fara.

A kogin wuce ta wurin yawa gandun daji, crosses shi da Orsha Upland. Dnieper hanya ya wuce ta ƙasar Belarus a cikin shugabanci daga arewa zuwa kudu, a hankali kara a fadin zuwa kudu.

Tsakanin biranen Mogilev da Kiev kogin dada tsere ma haka abin da ya kai gare shi da sararin floodplain nisa - 14 kilomita. Kuma a cikin wannan tazara da Dnieper fada wadannan koguna daga yamma - da Berezina da Pripyat, daga gabas - Desna da Sozh.

Tare da iko gudana daga waɗannan kõguna sunã Dnepr accelerates tafarkinsa a cikin ƙasa na Ukraine, hankali da kariminci ba su m ruwa steppe da gandun daji yankunan. A cikin wadannan yankunan da mafi yawan kogin da aka canza ƙasa, kuma ta nisa ne, wani lokaci ma isa 18 km.

A mafi, m kuma precipitous kogin - dama.

A tsakiyar Dnieper ne mai yawan kududdufai, da kuma kawai a cikin ƙananan ɓangare na kwarara daga halitta ci gaba da shi a kan hanya.

matsalolin muhalli

A tsakiyar da kuma ƙananan kai na da Dnieper cascaded dama kududdufai: Kremenchug, Kiev, Kakhovka, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Dnieper, Kanev.

A dangane da wannan nauyi da yin amfani da ruwan da Dnieper, akwai tsanani matsalolin muhalli. Sai ya faru catastrophic masana'antu da kuma gida gurbatawa na kogin ruwa.

Bugu da kari, cikin ƙasa na nuclear nukiliya ikon shuka, wanda ya sha wahala a manyan hatsari, shi ne kawai da nisan kilomita 30 daga Kiev tafki. Eh, da kuma duk sauran ajiya tankuna ne sarkar na m ruwa, wanda aka located a kan rusasshen musamman halitta wuri mai faɗi.

Bayan duk wannan, da yawa waterworks ƙarshe zama m in babu bukatar m kyautayuwa da kuma dole kudade. Kuma wannan, bi da bi, take kaiwa zuwa duniya mutum ya bala'i.

A farkon da Dnieper River, sunã gudãna a cikin kõgi,

Valdai Hills, a gangaren wanda shine sosai source na Dnieper, shi ne tsawo saman teku matakin na 220 mita.

Wadannan ban mamaki wurare arziki swamps. Daya daga cikin su ya bi wani kananan bakin ciki digon - farkon Dnieper River. Wannan abin mamaki muhimmanci tushen located a s. Bocharov Smolensk yankin kusa da sanannen halitta abin tunawa - Lake Gavrilovo, farkon wanda ke da kankara shekaru.

A cikin tsakiyar yankin na kwarara a cikin kogi Dnepr fada Ros, Vorskla, Sula, Samara.

Brief bayanin irin na zamani kogin gaci gari

Dnipro - kogi, bayan da Volga bautarka biyu wuri a cikin pool yankin da kuma tsawon. Dukan tsawon na Dnieper - 2201 km, yankin - 504 dubu km ^{2 ..} A kogin crosses da ƙasa na 3 kasashen - Rasha (tsawon 485 km), Ukraine (115 km m) da kuma Belarus (game da 595 km).

Dnipro - kogi, wanda aka raba 3 sassa. Ina da kogin Dnepr fara, da kuma duk ta hanyar da sosai Kiev - a kan saman. A tsawon wannan shi ne rabo 1 km 320 m yanki tsakanin Kiev da kuma Zaporozhye -. Average kwarara. Its tsawon - 555 km. Kuma na karshe sashe, daga Zaporozhye wa baki, wanda shi ne 326 km - ƙananan ya kai.

Forest zone ne Marinjãyi a kan babba kai na cikin yankuna. Steppe da gandun daji - a kusa da tsakiyar hanya. Zone steppe - a kasa.

A cikin manya (wanda zai fara Dnepr), zuwa ga birnin Dorogobuzh kogin yafi gudana ta hanyar dauke da swampy Shefela. Wannan yankin ne ya wakilci da tsoho Birch, Pine da spruce gandun daji.

Sa'an nan budewa da tuddai da Belarushiyanci birnin Shklov. A floodplain ne quite kunkuntar. A waje da birnin Orsha (Belarus) located Kobelyaky bakin ƙofa a da nisa daga cikin kogin da aka hankali fadada.

Daga birnin Mogilev zuwa Kiev floodplain yana da nisa daga sama zuwa 14 kilomita. Akwai mika fadamun, m shrubs, deciduous da coniferous gandun daji.

A kogi

A topmost kayan shafa - marmaro a located inda kogin Dnepr fara. A kogi ne gauraye da abinci: narke ruwa - game da 50%, ruwan sama da ruwa, kuma a karkashin kasa - 25%. Annual dake kwarara ne game da 53 cubic mita. km. A lokacin rani, da kogin akwai low ruwa (low ruwa matakin). Domin kaka da kuma hunturu ambaliyar ruwa ne mafi hankula. A watan Disamba ruwa freezes ta samar da kankara.

Bude ruwa a cikin kogi a cikin sama kai na Afrilu, kuma a farkon Maris a tsakiyar da kuma ƙananan.

amfani da tarihin

An ban sha'awa labarin ne Dnipro River. Amfani bayanai da aka ba a kasa.

• A lokacin da gina Dnieper (1920) The Hukumar yana gangarawa kuma gudanar da farkon gina Leon Trotsky.

• A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, a watan Agusta 1941, Soviet sojojin aka tilasta koma baya da kuma busa Dnieper, wanda tsokani fitowan da wata babbar kalaman, wanda ya kawo babbar asarar rai (dubban). Bugu da kari, da yawa dabbõbi aka kashe, halaka su da kogin jirgin, abinci da kayayyaki da kuma masana'antu kayan aiki.

• A 1943, da rarrabẽwar yaƙi don 'yantar da yankunan da Dnieper.

• Maris 2010, dangantakar manyan muhalli bala'i. Rapid sallama na ruwa daga cikin tafki (Kiev) ya haddasa wata babbar adadin kifi da aka niƙa kankara dipping. A sakamakon haka, fiye da 50% na kifi da cewa rayuwa a cikin Nilu suka mutu.

Arziki a cikin ma'adanai Dnieper ƙasa da kuma ma'adanai. Bunƙasa nan metallurgy, petrochemical da makamashi da masana'antu. Saboda ban ruwa daga cikin manyan Dnipro ruwa a kan m ƙasashe horar da kayayyakin gona: sukari gwoza, hatsi, dankali, hemp, flax, hops, taba.

Dnepr - na musamman da ruwa hanya.

A tushen da Dnieper River - wani irin tarihi gaban wannan gagarumin yankin.