Gudãna daga Lake Ladoga (a Shlisselburgskaya lebe) Neva River yana da jimillar tsawon na 74 km (32 na waɗanda ke a cikin birnin St. Petersburg). River gudana a cikin Gulf of Finland a cikin Baltic Sea (a gaban ƙofofin tashar jiragen ruwan teku na St. Petersburg kusa da Neva Bay).
Neva fara da biyu hannayen riga, envelopes kananan elongated tsibirin goro, shahara ga cewa shi ne Shlisselburg sansanin soja. Bayan shi, da kogin akwai biyu tsibiran (ban Delta): Factory - a Shlisselburg da Glavryba - kusa Ivanovsky Rapids (tsakanin gudãna a cikin Neva da Mgoy Tosna). Ria, da ciwon tsibirin 101, da kuma wani jam'i na hoses da ducts Forms Delta, da ciwon a total yanki na game da 50 square km Kogin na gudu 26 kananan koguna, da most of wanda - Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Ohta. Banks na Neva, musamman hagu, densely lugar. A ko'ina cikin kogin akwai birane huɗu (St. Petersburg, Shlisselburg, Kirovsk, Otradnoe) da kuma game da talatin karami ƙauyuka.
Neva - kogin ne cikakken mai ɓuɓɓuga da kuma gwada da sauri, dace navigation tare da dukan tsawon. A talakawan nisa daga cikin kogin ne daga 400 zuwa 600 mita. A ta narrowest batu (a farkon Ivanovsky Rapids, daura da Cape Svyatka), ta nisa ne kawai 210 mita, da kuma a yankin Neja Delta - fiye da kilometer. Cikin dukanin ta tsawon kogin Neva yana da zurfin 8-10 mita. A mafi zurfi ma'ana (24 m) - a St. Petersburg, kusa da dama banki, daura da titin. Ammonium. Mai kananan (4 m.) - a cikin kusanci da Ivanovo sashen kogin. Duk da mun gwada da kananan bambanci game da mita biyar, da ya kwarara daga cikin kogin ne quite azumi (5-8 km / h). Neva freezes a tsakiyar Disamba, kuma shi ne free of kankara a game da tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Haka kuma, bayan da farko faruwa a kan kogin rugujewa kankara na biyu - da motsi na kankara daga Lake Ladoga, yawanci kafa kankara dams.
An yi imani da cewa ta sunan da kogin Neva samu daga Finnish kalmar «Nevajoki» ( «swampy kogin") ga dalilin cewa na ta bankuna, musamman a cikin bakinsa, akwai mutane da yawa swamps. Zabi na biyu - asalin Sami kalmar «nawe» ( «Rapids," "Mezhozernaya kwarara"). A wannan kuma a cikin wani akwati, a description na kogin da sunan ne daya.
A ranar da bankuna a can sun kasance yawa abubuwan tarihin da: a cikin watan Yuli 1240, akwai wani sanannen yakin sojojin Rasha da Swedes jagorancin Alexander Nevski (daga baya lakabi Nevsky), a nan in May 1703, Peter na yanke shawarar gina a nan gaba babban birnin na Rasha Empire, inda akwai jini yakin da keta kawancen na Birnin Leningrad, a lokacin da mai girma Patriotic yaki.
A duk lokacin da, da Neva shi ne babban tattalin arziki muhimmanci. Yau aka yi amfani da matsayin tushen samar da ruwa a St. Petersburg. Tun zamanin da, da kogin Neva ne mafi muhimmanci waterway - daga lokacin tafiya "daga Vikings ga Helenawa" to wannan rana, kasancewa mafi muhimmanci kashi na ruwa tsarin, haxe tsakiyar yankunan na Turai na Rasha zuwa arewacin asashe. Musamman da muhimmancin karu bayan shekarar 1964 da aka sa a cikin aiki Volga-Baltic Waterway. Neva ko da ya fara kiran shi "Nevsky Prospect".