Iconography na Ancient Rus

Iconography na Ancient Rus yake da tsarki. A dukan m tsari ne batun m canonical dokokin. Wannan, a hannu daya, matalauta icons tsoho Rasha, tun da maigida amfani yana da wani qaddara iconography. Duk da haka, a lokaci guda, shi ba ka damar mayar da hankali a kan "jigon da batun ibada", mayar da hankali a kan zurfin shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin image da kuma aiwatar da recreating shi da dadi m wajen.

Tsohon Rasha iconography yi biyayya da dokar ba kawai a cikin art na image, amma kuma a zabi na kayan a gare shi. Kafa gargajiya dabaru amfani a cikin Hanyar surface shiri domin image abun da ke ciki na kasar gona shiri fasahar Paints. Iconography na Ancient Rus tsammani, kuma m jerin haruffa.

Rubuce-rubuce na images kwashe Paints, da m aka gyara su ne tempera (mai ruwa-ruwa emulsion tare da kwai gwaiduwa). Dalili mafi yawa ana amfani da katako, allon. Shirya jirgi domin rubuce-rubuce da aka quite lengthy da lokaci-cinyewa. Zaba katako da karfi sosai ciki Layer. Yi na katakan icons tsunduma derevschiki (drevodely), painters kansu bai yi haka da wuya sosai.

kananan gumaka da aka fentin a daya jirgin. Ga manyan hotunan amfani da dama allon da alaka da juna.

A gaban kwamitin da aka yanke daga tsakiyar sako (jirgi). Ya halicci wani irin taga. Tare da gefuna haka kafa frame (filin).

By yanayin jirgin hawa, da zurfin da akwatin alkawari, da nisa daga cikin filin ne sau da yawa m domin sanin wuri da kuma lokaci na yi na hukumar. A zamanin d icons (11-12 ƙarni) da akwatin alkawari, kamar yadda mai mulkin, daukan mai zurfi da kuma m filin. Daga baya, hukumar aikata tare da kunkuntar ribace-ribace. An fara daga 14th karni za a iya samu gumaka da borderless.

Gesso share fage da bauta. Wannan cakuda ya alabaster ko alli da kifi (sturgeon) m. Board sau da yawa gashi da manne (ruwa da kuma zafi), to, shi da aka amfani da pavoloka (zane), lapping dabino. Gesso amfani bayan bushewa pavoloka. Share fage da aka yi amfani a cikin da dama yadudduka. Its surface ne a hankali leveled, wani lokacin goge. A wasu lokuta, da taimako da aka amfani.

Hoton da aka yi amfani da su cikin shirye surface na ƙasa. Gumaka tsoho Rus zaci phased jitu. Na farko, wani haske touch na taushi ci Birch twigs fa, tã hoton farko. Na biyu jawo karin cikakken kwashe Paint (ruwan kasa , ko baki).

Wani lokaci Masters amfani da "girke-girke", samu daga gumaka zama abin koyi. Kamar wancan reproduced image.

Sa'an nan ya fara wata wasika. A mataki na farko shi aka za'ayi "ozolochenie" duk dole sassa, sa'an nan ta haifar da "dolichnoe" harafi (rubuta tsarin, da tufafi, da wuri mai faɗi). Image na fuskoki da aka za'ayi a karshe mataki. M jerin kasance a amfani da Paints.

Writing aka za'ayi bisa ga jagororin da kuma gumaka ( "gaskensu"). Sun dauke da bayanai game da fasahar da wasika ko in ba haka ba.

Ya kamata a lura cewa bisa ga na ciki da kuma na waje kungiyar na icon ne mai matukar hadaddun yanki na art. Duk da haka, a cikin karni na 19th zuwa icon painters artists bi da matsayin Class II, dauka cewa icon m. Ancient Masters da ake zargi da jãhilci daga cikin hanyoyin samar kai tsaye hangen zaman da mutum ilmin jikin mutum. Tare da wannan icon ne sakamakon mãsu kyautatãwa art da kuma high image al'adu. Amfani tempera zanen ake bukata musamman basira, wanda ya koya a tsawon shekaru na horo.

Icon painters na zamanin d Rasha gane da wasika a matsayin wani aiki na sadarwa tare da sauran duniya. Wannan bukata ta jiki da kuma ruhaniya tsarkakewa.

Game da Masters tsufa to sun tsira kadan bayanai. Duk da haka, shafukan tarihi shaida, kuma filin lokacinta icons, a ɗakin ganuwar ci gaba da sunayen na zamanin d painters. Daga cikin su ya kamata a kira wani m Alimpiya ya Sahaban Stephen, Gaga, Sezhira, Radko. Daya daga cikin shahararrun gumaka na "Triniti" da aka rubuta ta hanyar Andrei Rublev.