Hermann Hesse, "Siddhartha": abun ciki da sake dubawa

Bayan da labari "Steppenwolf," "Siddhartha" ne watakila ya fi shahara aiki na Jamus marubuci Hermann Hesse. Masu wallafa wallafe-wallafen suna nuna shi a misali mai kama da juna. A tsakiyar tarihin wani matashi ne, wanda ake kira sunansa cikin take. An wallafa littafin ne a cikin gidan wallafe-wallafen Berlin a shekarar 1922.

Hanyar zuwa "Siddhartha"

Daya daga cikin shahararrun Jamus marubuta farko na XX karni - Hermann Hesse. "Siddhartha" littafinsa ne na takwas. Hanyar zuwa ga litattafai masu yawa da ya fara a 1904, wallafe "Peter Camencind." Wani littafi ne game da ɗan littafin da ya fara karatu daga wani karamin ƙauye mai tsayi a Zurich, yana ƙoƙari ya sami wurinsa a duniya. A cikin irin wannan salon da aikin na gaba na Hesse "A karkashin motar" - game da ɗan yarinyar Hans Gebenrath, wanda ke karatu a cikin seminary. A cikin ƙauyensa na gari bai iya yin abokantaka da kowa ba, ya je wa ɗaliban mawaki, duk da haka, a ƙarshe ya ɓace a cikin al'amura baƙi. Mutane da yawa masu bincike na Hesse sun yi imani cewa wannan lamari ya kashe kansa.

A cikin littafin "Demian" a cikin 1919, sha'awar marubuta don psychoanalysis ya bayyana sosai. Da farko tare da wannan aikin, Hermann Hesse ya juya zuwa wannan ka'idar tunani. Siddhartha ba banda.

Wani labari game da wani matashiya

Ga wani marubucin kamar Hermann Hesse, Siddhartha, wanda abun da ke tattare da shi daga shafuka na farko, hanya ne mai kyau don kawo ma'anar tunaninka da ra'ayoyi ga mai karatu. Babban haruffa shine matashiyar mata Siddhartha da abokinsa na Govinda. Su kallafad da rayuwan su ga search for Kai. Atman - daya daga cikin key Concepts na India falsafa da kuma Hindu. Wannan shine tushen har abada, mafi girma "I", wanda ke cikin kowane mutum da cikin dukkan abubuwa masu rai.

A cikin binciken gaskiya

Siddhartha kuma ya shiga wannan hanya. Hermann Hesse ta sanya shi mai rokon da kuma haɗari, kawai saboda haka zaka iya cimma sakamakon da ake so, ya yi imanin. Abokinsa Govinda ya bi shi. A hanya, mai gabatarwa ya fara tunanin cewa duk tunaninsa ba daidai ba ne. Amma har yanzu ya yi aikin hajji a Gautama, amma bai yarda da koyarwarsa ba.

Ya yi imanin cewa ba zai yiwu a zama Buddha ba, yana ba da gudummawa ga tasiri ko koyarwar mutum. Hanyar haskakawa dole ne a samu kawai akan nasu, a kan kwarewarsu. Saboda haka, ya yanke shawarar tafiya, yayin abokinsa Govinda ya shiga cikin almajiran Gautama.

Da wuya a rasa hanya

Bayan barin Gautama, babban halayen yana neman gano abubuwan da ke kewaye da su da ban mamaki na duniya. Don haka ci gaba da bayyana yadda ya ci gaba da tafiya Hermann Hesse. Siddhartha ya isa babban birni, inda yarinya mai sauki ta hadu da Kamala. Ya tambaye shi ya koya masa sana'ar ƙauna.

Duk da haka, wannan yana bukatar kudi, kuma babba. Saboda haka, yana shiga kasuwanci. Na gode da ilimin da ba shi da kwarewa ba, sai ya ci nasara, ba da daɗewa ba harkokinsa zai hau kan tudu. Bugu da} ari, yana da shakka game da bukatun duniya na mutum a cikin ku] a] en da iko, har ma ya kira shi wata alama ce ta "yara-yara". Duk da haka, ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga cikin alatu kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin wakilan su. Hasken haske ga mai gabatarwa ya zo shekaru masu yawa daga baya, ba zato ba tsammani ya san dalilin da ya sa ya fara wannan hanya da abin da ya kamata ya zo.

Komawa hanya

A cikin littafi, mai mahimmanci, jaririnsa a sabon tafiya ya aika da Hermann Hesse. Siddhartha ya bar gidan gine-gine a rana daya, ya bar kome ya bar Kamala, wanda yake da ciki tare da shi (wanda bai sani ba).

Ba da da ewa ya isa kogin, wanda ya riga ya ƙetare, lokacin da jirgin ya yi annabci game da dawowarsa. Yana cikin mummunan halin mutum, yana kusan mutuwa, yana yanke shawarar kashe kansa kuma ya nutsar. Duk da haka, ya sami ceto, amma gane cewa akwai kawai more kama a cikin dabaran Samsara. Wannan wata mahimmanci ne a cikin falsafancin Hindu, ma'ana maimaita haihuwa da mutuwa a cikin duniya daban-daban, ƙimar karma ta wani mutum.

An farka daga barci mai zurfi, Siddhartha ya gano tsohon abokinsa Govinda, wanda shekaru da suka wuce ya zaɓi koyarwar Buddha kuma ya bi shi. Bayan ya yi magana da Govinda, marubucin ya kwashe gwarzo a cikin tunani - wannan ita ce na'urar da Hermann Hesse ta yi. Siddhartha yana jin cewa ya sake tashi a farkon tafiya. Har ma fiye da sanin cewa sanin wasu mutane ba kome ba ne, kawai kwarewar mutum yana da muhimmanci.

A cikin wannan kogi sau biyu

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ainihin hali ya koma kogin, wanda ya ketare shekaru da yawa da suka wuce. Littafinsa "Siddhartha" ya cigaba da fadin sabon tafarki. Har ila yau Hermann Hesse ya sake dawo da halinsa a cikin jirgin saman Vasudeva. Suna zama abokan aiki, suna ƙetare mabukata ta hanyar katangar kogi.

Vasudev tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin littafi, shi ne wanda yake koyar da ainihin halin da zai iya sauraron yanayin da ya koya daga ita. Musamman, sun juya zuwa kogi.

Hulɗa da ɗan

Yawancin mawallafin wallafe-wallafen sun gaskata cewa wannan ita ce littafin mafi kyawun wadanda Hermann Hesse yayi. "Siddhartha," wanda za'a iya samuwa da kuma karantawa ba tare da wahala ba, ya sa ya yiwu ya shiga bangarori daban-daban na rayuwar mutum, amma ba zai yiwu a gane duk tunanin da marubucin ya sanya a cikin aikin ba. Babban mahimman bayanai zasu kasance marasa tabbas. Zai fi kyau karanta littafi gaba ɗaya.

Ba da da ewa bayan abubuwan da suka faru suka bayyana cewa mai gabatarwa ya sadu da ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunataccen dansa, wanzuwar abin da bai sani ba. An kira wannan yaro kamar mahaifinsa Siddhartha. Kamala yana da lalacewa bayan maciji. Siddhartha yayi ƙoƙari ya koya wa ɗansa hankali game da duniya, duk da haka, wani saurayi, wanda ya damu da rayuwa a cikin ni'ima, bai yarda da wannan yanayin ba.

Yawancin lokaci, masanin ya gane cewa ya yi kuskure guda daya wanda ya yi zargin Buddha Gautama a baya, ya yi ƙoƙari ya jagoranci ɗansa zuwa hanyar ilimin, ba tare da damar yin nasara da komai tare da kwarewarsa ba. A sakamakon haka, mayar da martani shine amsa mummunan abu - dan Siddhartha ya koma gida mai arziki. Mahaifinsa na farko ya yi ƙoƙarin kama shi, amma a lokaci ya fahimci cewa wannan ba shi da ma'ana, kuma ya yantar da dan daga rinjayarsa.

Tambayar ita ce ko ya aikata abu mai kyau, jarumi za a sha azabtar da shi na dogon lokaci, har sai duk shakku an rushe kuma bai gane cewa akwai hikima ba. Vasudeva, wani jirgin ruwa, ya sake aiki a matsayin jagorantar, ya sake kira don sauraro da koyi daga yanayi, don kallon kogi, don gane abin da take. Hakika, abu ne mai mahimmanci, sauyawa sauyawa a halin yanzu kuma a lokaci guda wanda ba a canza ba, ko da yaushe wannan kogin. A sakamakon haka, jirgin ya fita daga Siddhartha, yana zuwa cikin gandun daji don kwanciyar hankali a karshe a rayuwarsa, kuma ainihin hali ya dauki wurinsa a kan jirgin ruwa.

Karshen littafin

Kuma a yau akwai wasu magoya bayan mawallafin "Siddhartha". Hermann Hesse ya samu rahotannin game da halittarsa a yayin rayuwarsa. Tattaunawa wannan aikin ya kasance har yanzu. Musamman ma fina-finai.

Mai gabatar da kara ya sake ganawa da abokinsa na Govinda matashi, wanda shekaru da yawa da suka shude a karkashin sashin Buddha Gautama. A ƙarshen rayuwarsa, Siddhartha ya riga ya kammala tafiya, Govinda yana ci gaba da neman burin da kuma mafita a rayuwarsa. To sai dai ya kasance a fili wanda daga cikin jarumi ya yi zabi nagari shekaru da suka wuce.

Siddhartha a hankali ya nuna wa aboki dukan ilimin da aka samu, ainihin ainihin yanayin abubuwa.

Wannan aikin na musamman ne saboda Buddha, wanda ya zama mai wakiltar kansa, ba a nuna shi ba ne kawai daga bangarensa mai haske, amma daga bangaren ɗan adam. Dukkan wannan ya nuna ta Hermann Hesse. "Siddhartha" .epub yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka dace don sauke aikin.

A babban allon

Ƙwararrun karni na 20 bai kasa canza wannan labarin na musamman ba akan allon. Shin kuna son sanin dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa sune gumakan Hermann Hesse? "Siddhartha" .fb2 - zai iya taimakawa a cikin wannan. Wannan shine tsarin da zaka iya karanta littafi. Kuma zaka iya zaɓar fim donta. A shekara ta 2003, Jorga Paloko ya buga wannan sunan a Argentina. Duk da haka, shahararren karbuwa shine aikin Conrad Rux. An sake sakin fim a Amurka a shekarar 1972. Shashi Kapoor, ɗan ƙaramin dan jarida mai suna Raja Kapoor, ya yi tasiri a cikin fina-finai. A hanyar, Shashi ya zama dan wasan farko na Bollywood, wanda ya fara aiki a fina-finai na Birtaniya da Amurka.

Shirye-shiryen fim a wurare da yawa yana sake fasalin abubuwan da aka bayyana a cikin littafin. A lokaci guda, wanda ba zai iya lura da bambance-bambance ba. Yana da daraja, alal misali, a maimaita cewa matsayin hotunan kanta a matsayin fim mai ban sha'awa. Salibai Siddhartha tare da lewd courtesan Kamala ya mai da hankali ga al'amuran al'amuran.

A sakamakon haka, mai ƙaunataccen mai cin gashin kansa kuma ya ɓace daga macijin maciji, dan ya bar mahaifinsa, ba yana so ya zauna a matsayin ɗan'uwa ba, kuma abokin farko na Govind, ya sadu da Siddhartha a tsufa, ya gane cewa kawai ya san farin cikin gaske, ya sami matsayinsa a wannan rayuwar, ya cimma burin da ake so .

Bayani na labari

Mutane da yawa sun ce yana da sauƙi a nemo da karanta wannan labari a Intanet. Hermann Hesse "Siddhartha" .pdf - wannan shine watakila mafi kyau ga karatu.

Dukan magoya bayan wannan littafin sun lura cewa marubucin ya yi amfani da tambayoyin da suka fi muhimmanci a duniya game da wannan aiki. Kuma littafin ba kawai ya sa muke tunani ba, amma yana ba da zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali, yana damu da ra'ayoyinmu da tunani. Littafin yana da kayan sihiri, ba koyarwa ba, amma yana sa ka ji daɗin zaman lafiya ga ruhu, jin dadi mai zurfi game da duniya da ke kewaye da mu.

Abu mafi ban mamaki shi ne, wannan littafi, wanda aka gina tare da tunani da falsafar Gabas, ya rubuta marubucin Jamus. Mutane da yawa suna cewa karanta wannan misali ya zama dole a yanayin da ya dace, ƙoƙari ya fahimci abin da Siddhartha ya ji a hanyarsa ga fahimtar gaskiya game da rayuwa.

Duk da cewa "Siddhartha", kamar shahararrun "Masanin addinin Kirista" Paolo Coelho, mutane da yawa suna magana da irin wannan nau'ikan - misalai, waɗannan har yanzu suna aiki ne daga nau'o'in nau'i na nau'i daban-daban, kowannensu yana da shekaru da kuma ra'ayi. Idan "Alchemist" yana da ban sha'awa da kuma amfani a wasu hanyoyi ga matasa, to, "Siddhartha" littafi ne ga wani mai karatu wanda ya fi girma, wanda, kamar wanda yake da alamar littafin, bai sami ainihin aikinsa na rayuwa ba.

Creativity Hesse bayan "Siddhartha"

Na gaba Herman Hesse ya fito, watakila, littafinsa mafi shahara - "Steppe Wolf." A cikin wannan aikin, ana kulawa da yawa ga batun zane-zane. Marubucin yana magana game da raguwar al'adun, musamman, na kayan fasaha.

Wannan aiki ne mai ban sha'awa tare da wani ɗan littafin "Harry Garler's Notes (kawai ga mahaukaci)". Har ila yau ma'abuta kullun suna nuna wannan labari ga nau'in misalin. Babban hali yana cikin rikici mai zurfi. A wannan lokaci ya zo a fadin ka'idar game da rarraba hali mutum zuwa sassa biyu: mutum mai halin kirki da ruhaniya mai kyau da dabba, musamman wolf. Gwarzo ya fahimci cewa halinsa ya fi rikitarwa kuma ya fi yawa fiye da yadda ya riga ya yi tunaninsa.

Hermann Hesse daya daga cikin marubuta na Jamus da suka karbi sanin duniya. A shekarar 1946 an ba shi kyautar Nobel a litattafai.