Halitta albarkatun da su yi amfani da a Spain

Spain - kyau da kuma stunningly bambancin Turai kasa cewa daukan kula da ta albarkatun kasa. Inda aka located jihar? Abin da ma'adanai arziki a Spain?

Yanayi da kuma albarkatun na kasar ne musamman bambancin. Wannan yarda Spain yadda ya kamata ci gaba da masana'antu hadaddun, kazalika da ya dauki da rightful wuri a cikin kasashen da samar da duniya yawon shakatawa kasuwar.

Mulkin Spain: general bayanai game da kasar

España (kasa sunan a Spain) - wani zaman kanta a jihar dake a cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa, ta uku mafi girma a Turai. Administratively, kasar ne zuwa kashi 17 Zhicheng da ya hada da 50 larduna. Bugu da kari, Spain da aka subordinated zuwa lamba da ake kira sarki yankuna (plazas de soberania). Suna located a arewacin Afirka da kuma Bahar Rum.

Shekara na Spanish mulkin tushe ne 1515 minti. Yau majalisar (tsarin mulki) daular mulkinsu.

Spain, yanayi da kuma albarkatun da ake bambanta isa, shekaru da yawa da aka gudanar saman ashirin kasashen a cikin sauran tattalin arziki a duniya. Bugu da kari, kasar a Turai shi ne mafi girma m kayayyakin gona. Ga shi an samu nasarar bunkasa amfanin gona samar, dabba husbandry, viticulture, kazalika da kiwon kifi.

Yanayi da kuma albarkatun da Spain (takaice)

A wasu canjin yanayin rayuwa yawan wannan kasa? A daban-daban halitta albarkatun a Spain? A takaice kokarin amsa wadannan tambayoyi a cikin wannan sashe.

Spain - daya daga cikin mafi duwatsu kasashe a Turai. Game da 35% na da karkararta ne ayi a tsawon sama da 1,000 mita saman teku matakin. Duk da haka, ma high kololuwa ba su samu. Tsororuwar da Spanish ɓangaren duniya - Mulhacén dutse (3480 m).

A general, jihar taimako za a iya bayyana kamar haka: tsakiyar dagagge kuma m ɓangare na kusan kewaye a kan dukkan bangarorin da dutsen, sarƙoƙi da ware shi daga teku. Shefela a Spain zauna kananan yankunan. Amma, suka budewa tare da manyan kogin kwari da kuma Rum Coast.

Yanayin halitta albarkatun ne musamman a Spain. Kasar za a iya gani a matsayin warmest da sunniest a Turai. A talakawan yawan rana kwanaki nan jeri daga 260-280. A cikin hunturu, da yawan zafin jiki ba safai ba da dama a kasa sifili, kuma a lokacin rani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio iya haura zuwa 40 digiri Celsius. Spain ta most waɗansu kõguna - da Tagus, Duero, Ebro da Guadalquivir.

Spain Halitta albarkatun (ma'adanai musamman) wãtsa a karkararta ne musamman m. Tare da wannan alama, shi ne quite wani m matsala na unequal ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasar. Saboda haka, arewacin Spain ne mafi ɓullo da industrially, da kuma kudu, a maimakon haka, an dauki baya. Ga can ne mafi girma zai yiwu ga kasar ta yawan marasa aikin yi.

Cikakken faye hali na halitta albarkatun da yanayi na Spain

Albarkatun kasa na Spain, kazalika da wani jihar na duniya, ya kamata a bayyana a cikin wadannan jadawalin:

• taimako.
• sauyin yanayi.
• m ruwa.
• ƙasa murfin.
• Flora da fauna.
• ma'adanai da labarin kasa;
• tattalin arziki da yanayi da kuma yin amfani da albarkatun kasa.

Topography da kuma wuri mai faɗi da bambancin

Spain ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin mafi duwatsu kasashen Turai. Game da 90% na da karkararta aka rufe da duwãtsu, kuma plateaus. Kusan rabin Spain ta surface - wani tudu Meseta (mafi girma a Turai). Eastern rabo daga gare shi masu hada kai da kuma rufe tare da m ball na sedimentary kankara. Amma yammacin ɓangare na Meseta karfi dissected da zunubansu, kuma kogin kwari.

A arewa na Meseta yana da iyaka ga Cantabrian duwãtsu, wanda, bi da bi, su ne a ci gaba da Pyrenees. Wannan iko da dutsen tsarin kunshi da dama a layi daya ridges na wani tsawon daga sama zuwa 450 kilomita. Pyrenees shawo kan wuya sosai: duk da kafa suna located a tsawon kan mitoci 1,500. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa duk hanyar jirgin kasa connect Spain da sauran kasashe na yammacin Turai, jingine wannan dutse tsarin daga gabas, ko daga yamma. A cikin tsakiyar yankunan na Pyrenees za ka iya samun taimako siffofin glacial asalin: cars, circuses da kududdufai.

Daga arewa maso gabashin Geza Meseta tsarin Ibérico. An nan bakuncin yawa babbar waɗansu kõguna na Spain. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin kalla lugar yankuna na kasar.

A kudancin Spain, tare da Rum Coast, mikewa Andalusian duwãtsu. Daga cikin wadannan, shi ne wani tsararru na Sierra Nevada daga tsororuwar a kasar - ganiya da Mulhacén. Height na Sierra Nevada shi ne kawai Alps iya gasa a Turai.

Bayyana Bayyana kuma zauna kawai 10% na jimlar yanki na Spain. Dukan su an hada da alluvial kayan, amma saboda su ƙasa - su ne musamman m. The most kwaruruka aka located a kudu maso yammacin kasar. (Andalusian).

Relief ne sau da yawa taimaka wa kare albarkatun da Spain da kuma ta dũkiya. Iko dutsen jeri na Yaren Kasar Larabawa ne sau da yawa taka rawar da abin dogara da kuma insuperable kan iyakoki, da kare kasar daga maƙiya invaders.

yanayin siffofin

Canjin yanayi a Spain daga arewa maso yammacin zuwa kudu maso gabashin. Average yanayin zafi a nan bambanta a cikin m iyaka daga 14 zuwa 20 digiri. By yawan rana kwanaki a shekara, Spain da hannun jari na farko wuri a Turai tare da Girka.

A sauyin yanayi na tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar halin da waye nahiyar. A lokacin bazaar ne tsananin zafi da kuma winters - sanyi. "Watanni uku na sanyi da watanni tara na jahannama" - yana daya daga cikin rare faxin tsakanin mazaunan tudu Meseta.

The rarraba hazo ne ma gagarumin saba. Climate masana kimiyya conventionally raba Spain a cikin "bushe" da "rigar." A iyaka tsakanin wadannan yankuna biyu ke ta da Cantabrian duwãtsu. Saboda haka, a cikin "rigar" Spain, wanda ya hada da Basque Country, Galicia, asturias kuma wani ɓangare na Pyrenees, da shekara-shekara ruwan sama averaging game 900-1000 mm na ruwan sama. A sauran kasar ( "bushe" Spain) ba fiye da 500 mm na ruwan sama a kowace shekara.

Features na albarkatun kasa na Spain (musamman yanayin) haifar da babba matsaloli ga ci gaban aikin noma, kazalika da samar da ruwa da yawa ƙauyuka a ko'ina cikin kasar. Game da 60% na ƙasashen da ke jihar masana kimiyya sun} iyasta a matsayin m.

Inland ruwa da kuma ƙasa cover

A kasar na da fairly m kogin cibiyar sadarwa. Duk da haka, mafi yawan Spanish River daban-daban low ruwa da mai ruwa-ruwa m tsarin mulki. Mafi yawa daga cikinsu m, a lokacin rani ko bushe up gaba ɗaya. Bayan Spain hydrological albarkatun suna sosai unevenly rarraba a fadin kasar, wadda take kaiwa zuwa gagarumin hargitsi a samar da ruwa na ta yankuna daban-daban.

A kasar gona cover a Spain ne ma sosai bambancin, saboda da rikitarwa taimako, da bambance-bambance ma'aunan kasa tsarin da kuma gagarumin yanayin saba. Saboda haka, a cikin arewa aka mamaye podzolic burozomy kuma peat bogs a yamma - da acidic kasa da Rum type, kuma a gabas, kuma a cikin Balearic Islands - m gona da irin (burozomy da sierozems). A mafi m kasa sun mayar da hankali a Shefela, da kwaruruka na manyan koguna. Yana da yake a wadannan yankunan da mafi saurin bunkasuwar kasar amfanin gona.

Biota

Domin da Flora da fauna daga jihar ne halin da jinsunan richness. A floristically Spain gaba ɗaya yana dauke da arziki kasashen Turai. Manyan gandun daji rufe game da 30% na da karkararta. Duk da haka, a baya sun kasance yawa ya fi girma.

Evergreen itacen oak gandun daji girma a cikin arewa maso yammacin yankuna na kasar. Tsaunuka ne da ya fi na kowa jinsunan deciduous itatuwan oak, da Beech, ash, chestnut kuma Birch. A cikin ciki plateaus na Spain kiyaye yankuna na bushe Evergreen gandun daji da kuma shrubs. Semi-hamada shimfidar za a iya samu a Aragon Filato da kuma a New Castile.

A fauna na Spain a fili gani burbushi na biyu Turai da Afirka namun daji. Ga saba ruwan kasa bear, kerkẽci, fox, daji cat, barewa, da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa, hali na tsakiya da kuma yammacin Turai. A Spain za ka iya samun fadar mikiya, genet da Masar mongoose. Duk wadannan jinsuna ake samu a wancan gefe na mashigar na Gibraltar.

Kulawa ta musamman da aka bai wa Spanish (ko Pyrenean) Lynx - daya daga cikin rarest dabbobi masu shayarwa a duniya. Ya ba shi da wani fiye da dari mutane zuwa ranar. Yana gana wannan dabba ne kawai a duwatsu da kuma m yankunan na kudancin Spain. Daga talakawa Yaren Kasar Lynx ne karami kuma mafi m launi.

Albarkatun ma'adinai a Spain: overall kimantawa

A kasar ne ba daga cikin shugabannin duniya a arzikin albarkatun ma'adinai. Mutane da yawa ma'adanai Spain yana zuwa shigo (ciki har da makamashi). Duk da haka, da hakar ma'adinai masana'antu a nan ne da raya, musamman a gabas da kuma kudu maso yammacin kasar.

Biyar na Spain da ya fi muhimmanci ma'adanai za a iya kayyade kamar haka:

• Tama.
• Coal.
• Copper.
• Gubar.
• Mercury.

Duk da haka, mafi yawan filin ta reserves ne in mun gwada fadin. Saboda haka, a general, Spain za a iya kira da dogara a kan shigo da na albarkatun ma'adinai na kasar.

Ore ma'adanai

A jihar ne, a sama da dukan, arziki a ƙarfe ma'adanai. Alal misali, a Spain gano arzikin adibas na tutiya, gubar, Mercury, manganese, da kuma jan pyrites. Total reserves na baƙin ƙarfe ores a Spain - game da biliyan 2.5 tons. A arewa, akwai gagarumin adibas na tin da tungsten.

A tabbatar da reserves na uranium ores Spain ne a karo na biyu wuri a Turai da kuma Mercury inventories - na farko wuri a duniya. Rich adibas na cinnabar suna located a lardin Ciudad Real da kuma a kan bankunan na kogin Baldeasage.

Bugu da kari, da irin ƙaunar da Spain ne musamman arziki a pyrite. A musamman, suna mined a kudancin gangara daga cikin Sierra Morena. Har ila yau a Spain, akwai azurfa hannun jari, da zinariya, molybdenum da titanium.

Fuel da makamashi da ma'adinai da sauran albarkatun kasa

Spanish ƙasa da makamashi da albarkatun, alas, ba haka ba ne m. Ƙananan adibas na ci suna da ake ci gaba a cikin arewacin kasar (a cikin lardunan Oviedo da kuma Leon), a cikin Basque Country da asturias. Spanish kwal, yawanci na low quality.

Mai a gwada adadi kaɗan da aka samar a Catalonia Burgos, iskar gas - a Aragon da Cadiz. Bincika reserves na gas a Spain ne ba fiye da biliyan biyu cubic mita.

Akwai quite manyan reserves na potassium salts, mai tsaurin lãka, kaolin, kuma fluorspar. A da yawa lardunan Spain (Galicia, asturias, Valencia, Guadalajara da sauransu) rayayye samar raw kayan domin gina masana'antu. Wannan dolomite, farar ƙasa, marmara da alli gwada da high quality.

Halitta albarkatun da su yi amfani da a Spain

Rayayye amfani da albarkatun kasa a kan wani m sikelin fara a Spain a karo na biyu rabin karni na ashirin da. Kafin cewa, kasar zauna underdeveloped agrarian jihar. M amfani da isasshen kima na yanayi da kuma albarkatun da Spain yarda ka juya shi a cikin wani m-agrarian kasa, wanda cikin sharuddan da masana'antu ci gaba ba na baya zuwa dama kasashen Turai.

Yau, Spain ne da suka ci gaba karafa, yadi, abinci aiki, Shipbuilding, kazalika madadin makamashi. A noma, ƙasar ta rinjaye amfanin gona. A nan, da alkama, da shinkafa, masara, sha'ir, da zaituni, kwanakin, da rumman, da sauran amfanin gona. A yankunan m nasarar bred da tumaki, da awaki, da kuma a arewacin - shanu. kama kifi tasowa a jihar bakin teku wuraren. Spain ne daga saman goma kasashen a kamawa da kuma sarrafa kifi.

Spain da kuma yawon shakatawa

Spain ne da nisa mafi girma a cibiyar kasa da kasa da yawon bude ido. Fiye da daya da mutane miliyan a kasar suna aiki a cikin wannan fannin na kasa da tattalin arziki. Spain ziyarci kowace shekara a kalla miliyan 50 waje yawon bude ido.

The rare makõma wurare a Spain: Costa Brava, Costa Blanca da Canary Islands. Babban yawon shakatawa cibiyoyin na kasar - Barcelona, Madrid, Bilbao da Valencia. Last birni an ƙara zama rare tare da yawon bude ido da kuma matafiya. Wannan yana yuwuwa ta ta m jan hankali, tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments, gidajen tarihi da kuma wasanni albarkatun Valencia.

Spain ne ma wata babbar cibiyar na Turai festival. Shahararren Seville Fair, m Carnival a Cadiz da kuma La Tomatina a Buñol yarda ziyarci da yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

ƙarshe

A ƙasar Mulkin Spain ne musamman arzikin albarkatu: ma'adanai, man fetur, da sauyin yanayi da kuma nazarin halittu. A kasar na da m, dumi da sauyin yanayi da kuma yana da fadi da kanti da tekuna.

A tattalin arziki kimantawa da na halitta yanayi da kuma albarkatun da Spain ne quite high. Bisa su, nasarar bunkasa hakar ma'adinai, ikon zamani, da aikin noma da kuma yawon shakatawa masana'antu.