Haikalin baalshamin da Bela: halakar da alamomin na Palmyra

Ancient Palmyra kafa Hurrian m Tukrisha. A lokacin, ta kasance daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci birane a hamadan Siriya da kuma aka located in wani kyakkyawan dausayi tsakanin Syria babban birnin na Damascus , da kuma most kogin a yammacin Asiya - Yufiretis. "Ga Ruwa" Kogin Yufiretis kamar yadda aka fassara daga Aramaic harshe, generated da yawa na zamanin d wayewar.

Palmyra gudu fadin hanyar yawa tafiyar wucewa ta cikin Syria hamada. Saboda da dabarun wuri, birnin ya arzuta, kumbura steadily da ya samu lakabi na girmamawa na "amarya na cikin hamada". Cikin shahararrun gine-gine ne da Ibada na Bel Palmyra da Baalshamina.

Haikalin Bel

Wannan tsoho haikali shi ne mafi girma abu a cikin Syria Palmyra. Yana da aka gina a cikin 32 BC, da kuma farkon ta yi ya faru a zamanin Sarkin sarakuna Tiberius. Bayyanar da haikalin Bel nuna alamar da daukaka na Roman Empire, wanda annexed Palmyra. A lokaci guda, ya zama babban wuri mai tsarki na tsohon birnin, gina a cikin girmamawa ga m mulkin sama Bela.

Yi na wannan gini ya zama wata alama ce da hadin kai na gabas da yamma: da ciki na haikalin da aka gina a cikin yankin Gabas ta tsakiya hadisin, da kuma ta facades tabbatar da gine-gine da fifiko na Yammacin shugabanni na Palmyra. An zaci cewa haikalin Bel tsara da gine-ginen daga birnin Antakiya.

A cikin ginin da aka located kawai daya, amma a sosai babban yankin bukukuwan zauren. A ta maharibai manyan mutummutumai daga cikin allolin Palmyra aka shigar. Waje Haikali ganuwar da aka yi wa ado da m Bas-reliefs da kananan ginshikan da su manya gilded tagulla yũlã bayyananniya a cikin haske da hasken rana. Bas wanda aka nuna bukukuwan da gawa, 7 daga cikin hasken rana tsarin taurari 12 da zodiac ãyõyi.

A tsawon lokaci, da haikalin Bel sami wani karin suna fadin look, wanda aka san su da duniya har zuwa 2015: avaricious Roman Sarkin sarakuna Aurelian tsallake ginshikan gilded da tagulla, da kama ta da babban birnin kasar na Roman Empire.

Haikalin baalshamin a Palmyra

Wannan m addini gini fara gina a cikin 17th shekara Ubangijinmu, kuma kwanan nan aiki a kan ta samuwar da aka kammala a 130, a zamanin mulkin na Roman Sarkin sarakuna Hadrian.

A haikalin da aka keɓe wa m abin bautãwa na Phoenician Ba'al, bauta yammacin Yahudawa da Larabawa. A cikin pantheon Baalshamin ya kai cikin rundunar sama, ya kuma umarci da hadari da kuma ruwan sama, godiya ga wanda ƙẽƙasassu da tsawa, rana da ƙasa ya zama m. Sunan Haikali Baalshamin fassara daga Aramaic nufin "Allah na Sama"

Baalshamin dauke embodiment koli Allah Bela. Saboda haka, a bambanci ga karshe gidan, ya yi wani yawa karami da kuma housed daga cibiyar shafi na hanya. Duk da wannan kananan bambanci, duka biyu a ɗakin da aka gina a cikin wannan tsoho style, karewa da wani Syria kasa ado da kuma tsarki ya tabbata ga Phoenician alloli.

Duk abin waje na ginin ya m zane, suka tsaya daga kawai tsakiyar facade tare da zurfin shida-columned portico kuma a portal cewa yana da wani arziki ado. Pilasters qawata gefen bangon Haikalin. Duk da kananan size, haikali ya mai ban sha'awa gani. Kafin shigar da ginin shi aka located a kan sharuddan karin tsoho gina wani bagade, a kan abin da daya zai iya karanta dedicatory inscriptions. Su aka rubuta a Aramaic da Girkanci.

A V karni AD, bayan da ubiquitous yaduwar Kiristanci biyu haikalin ya zama Kirista majami'u.

Haikalin baalshamin - Wuri Mai Tsarki sama m

Baalshamin wani Phoenician Allah, wanda jayayya da muhimmancin a Bela. Kazalika da Bel, ya kafa triad, rarraba Haikali ga gumakan da Aglibol Malakbel da kuma daidaita da Greek Zeus. Ya aka bayyana a matsayin ubangijina na sama, da kuma aka nuna a cikin wani nau'i na babbar gaggafa, wadda fuka-fuki miƙa zuwa da rana, wata da taurari. Ya haruffa kasance walƙiya, kuma kunne.

Baalshamin aka musamman waliyai a Palmyra, shi ne kawai daga gare shi, bisa ga mazauna birnin dogara a kan ko m ruwan sama zai wuce a kan hamada ƙasa. Kuma da ruwa a nan, kamar yadda ka sani - shi ke nan.

XXI karni: mutuwar tsoho Ibada na Palmyra

Agusta 23, 2015 mayakan na kungiyar 'yan ta'adda "Islamic State of Iraq da kuma Levant" (LIH) halakar da haikali na baalshamin - da ginin, da gina wanda Dates daga shekara 17 AD. A cewar Maamuna Abdoulkarim, shugaban kasar Syria jihar Department of Antiquities, da 'yan ta'adda sun cika wata babbar adadin nakiyoyi Haikalin, sa'an nan suka busa shi, haddasa irreparable lalacewar da tsoho na Palmyra haruffa.

A sakamakon da dabbanci ayyuka na ciki na haikalin da aka hallaka da kuma na waje ginshikan muhimmanci shafa. Video da photo haikalin baalshamin, ruthlessly halaka su da m 'yan ta'adda ya sa haushinka duk haskaka duniya al'umma.

30 ga watan Agusta, 2015 mayakan hura tashi haikalin Bel, gaba daya ya hallaka ta tsakiyar ɓangare.

Lovely Masterpieces tsoho gine tsaya kusan 2 millennia a cikin zafi rana Gabas ta Tsakiya, da aka hallaka a cikin minti.

A watan Maris 2017 Palmyra aka saki daga LIH 'yan ta'adda. Syria hukumomin shirya maido da halakar Monuments da haikali na baalshamin, sa'an nan kuma kammala maido da haikalin Bel. A kan su sake halittar zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo da kuma kudi, da kuma yana yiwuwa ne kawai 'yan shekarun da suka gabata daga baya, za mu iya ganin babban Masterpieces na zamanin d gine sake.