Hadishi Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn: Biography, na sirri rayuwa, quotes

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - daya daga cikin mafi m, paradoxical kuma basu baye Falsafa karni na ashirin da. Duk da cewa ya aka ba a gane ta da Sahaban da aka ware daga jama'a, sai ya yi babban tasiri a kan samuwar na zamani dokoki da ka'idojin tunani. Wittgenstein ya riga na akalla uku na fasaha falsafa yayi - ma'ana positivism, da ilimin harsuna ya falsafa da kuma rabe-bincike.

manhaja vitae

Austria da kuma Birtaniya sun yi babban tasiri a kan rayuwata da kuma falsafa da wannan zurfin tunani kamar yadda Ludwig Wittgenstein. Brief biography ya nuna a fili wannan. Birthplace na Falsafa a Vienna a daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma arziki iyalan Austro-Hungarian Empire. Mahaifinsa shahara injiniya da mogul, kuma uwarsa kamar daga wani tsoho Yahudawa iyali.

Kamar mahaifinsa, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn soma nazarin aikin injiniya, musamman, sha'awar gina mutuwa na'urorin. A tsawon lokaci, wannan ya kai shi ga matsalar da falsafa tushe na lissafi. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu abubuwa da sha'awar Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Biography nuna cewa ya kasance m na music, sassaka, gine-gine, adabi da wasannin fasaha. A farkon karni na ashirin, Wittgenstein tafi Cambridge, inda ya zama wani almajiri da kuma daga baya mataimakin kuma aboki, da bafalsafe masanin kimiyya Bertrand Russell.

A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Wittgenstein sadaukar domin gaba, inda ya aka kama. A lokacin ziyararsa a kurkuku sansanin, ya kusan gama daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan - "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" - wanda yana da wata babbar tasiri a kan ci gaban Turai da kuma duniya falsafa. Bayan haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a cikin wani talakawa kauyen makaranta. A tsawon lokaci, Wittgenstein gane cewa da falsafar shi ne sun fi mayar da ma'ana da kuma bukatar a inganta, don haka ya sake koma zuwa Birtaniya, inda ya ci gaba da aiki a kan rubutun, yayin da kasancewa wani farfesa a Jami'ar Cambridge.

A lokacin yakin duniya na II ya yi aiki a matsayin likita ma'ana, kuma aka tsunduma a cikin sabon shugabanci - falsafar harshen. Wittgenstein mutu a 1953 daga prostate ciwon daji. Dukan ra'ayoyin kan falsafar harshen da aka buga posthumously.

Farkon falsafar Wittgenstein

A da ƙaramin shekaru Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn ya m na aiki aiki na adabi-m avant-garde a Vienna, kuma shi ma sha'awar da ra'ayoyi na Karl Kraus - "Tocilan" mujallar edita wanda ya yi aiki a kan rabuwa da darajar da ainihin art. Karfi da tasiri a Wittgenstein kuma yana da ra'ayoyi da Frege kuma Russell, a karkashin wanda ya yi aiki na dogon lokaci. Daga farko ya soma da ra'ayin wani propositional aiki, gaskiya darajar da na ginin jumla da bambance-bambance na ma'ana da kuma darajar maganganu a cikin harshen na biyu - da harshen analysis Hanyar in mai ma'ana hanya, wanda ya hada da wani search for "atomic" facts, kazalika da wasu abubuwa na ma'ana bayanin lissafi.

A farko ma'ana Wittgenstein da ra'ayoyin da aka tsara a cikin "diary" inda ya yayi Magana game da yiwuwa na wani sabon dabaru da kuma ma'ana cakude. Wadannan tunani ya zama tushen da ya key aiki na wannan lokaci - "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus".

"Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus"

A aikin da aka buga a 1921, da farko a Jamus sa'an nan - a cikin harshen Turanci. A littafin da aka rubuta a cikin nau'i na raba Jagora wadda ana amfani da magani na da ra'ayoyin Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Quotes aka sanya gaba zuwa daidai Figures nuna da matakin muhimmancin da aphorism.

Duk da kama da ra'ayoyi na Russell da kuma Frege, littafin da aka a hanyoyi masu yawa na musamman. A cikin rubutun kiwata tambaya na yiwuwa kuma iyãkõkin tunani, marubucin hadawa da Concepts na tunani da kuma harshe, da kuma falsafa a lokaci guda ayyukan matsayin peculiar nau'i na hikimar tantance harshe zargi. A Wittgenstein ta manufar harshen hidima a matsayin nadi na facts, wanda shi ne zai yiwu saboda ciki ma'ana tsarin da harshe. Wannan koyaswar ne har yanzu wasa muhimmiyar rawa a cikin zamani Western ilimi kwatance.

Late Wittgenstein ta falsafa

A tsawon lokaci, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn ya rethought da wuri, kuma ya ƙiya priori tsarin da harshe. Ya nuna da dama kalmomi da phrases da ake amfani da harshe na halitta. A daidai da wannan kalma ba Project wani shafi tunanin mutum image na magana, kawai amfani da kalmomin a cikin mahallin daidai da ilimin harsuna dokoki bada hanya wani daraja.

Wittgenstein aiki tare da wani ajali kamar harshen wasanni, inda kowace kalma sami asali ma'anarta kawai a lokacin da wani yanayi ne ya sadu game. Wittgenstein kuma nuna bukatar tambayar da dama tambayoyi. Late Wittgenstein ta falsafa matsayin da aka bayyana a cikin aikinsa "da ilimin falsafa Bincike".

"Da ilimin falsafa Bincike"

A karshe manyan littafi da yake aiki a Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Falsafa a takaicce aka bayyana tun da gabatarwar littafin, inda marubucin ya nuna cewa da bukatar a yi la'akari da wannan aiki kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da "Tractatus".

Ya bambanta da baya aiki, "da ilimin falsafa Bincike" da annabci style kuma kasu kashi biyu. A kashi na farko yana da wadannan tsarin:

• A ra'ayi na harshe da kuma ma'anarta.
• Analysis epistemological kuma m Concepts.
• Analysis kasa da kasa al'amurran baya aka ambata Concepts.

A kashi na biyu na littafin kasa da wani block kuma yana da wani wanda ba a kare look. Ga marubucin yayi magana da kalmomi, da muhimmanci da kuma aiki na falsafa a cikin wadannan al'amura.

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - daya daga cikin mafi m da masana falsafa na karni na ashirin. Ba kamar da Sahaban, ya ba kawai tunanin, amma kuma ya rayu daidai da ra'ayoyi. Yana da aka yi masa godiya da cewa falsafar ya falsafar harshen - da kimiyya da nazarin yadda mutane gani da kuma bayyana duniya.