Habasha tsaunuka da kuma Somalia tudu. Habasha tsaunuka inda?

Gabashin Afrika - yana da wata babbar yankin dake da gabashin nahiyar. Yana hada da tsaunuka na kasar Habasha, nesa ciki, da Filato da kuma kwarin Somalia. Kuma wannan ya hada da gabashin Afrika Plateau.

Gwargwadon matsayi

A kudu maso gabas Afirka kamanta tsaunuka na kasar Habasha (inda tsororuwar da Ras Dashen volcanoes da sauran). A yammacin ɓangare na yankin a lamba tare da kwarin White Nile. A arewa da kuma kudu-maso-gabas saukar zuwa Bahar Maliya Coast, da Gulf of Aden da tekun Indiya. A wajen kudu, da yankin da aka kẽwayesu da Lake Rudolph da kuma tekun India.

taimako Habasha

Ethiopia Mountains (Habasha tsaunuka) - shi ne sharply iyaka tsararru, tsararru Bastion. Ya karya wuya a kai, m gangara. Yashewa-tectonic, matukar zurfi da kwaruruka yanka ta hanyar da shi a cikin da yawa hanyoyi. Da suke ɓoyewa dutsen jeri tare da volcanoes. Wasu daga cikin volcanoes sun nuna kansu a cikin tarihi lokaci. A mafi kewayon - Ras Dashen (4.6 km) - ayi a arewacin. A daya daga cikin depressions ne Lake Tana.

A kudu maso ɓangare na tsaunuka yana da iyaka zuwa Laifi tasa raba daga shi Harar Plateau. Harar taku saukar zuwa sashin na Somalia. Somalia Filato m slipping a cikin tekun Indiya. The mafi ƙasƙanci yankin na nesa mawuyacin, m ga Red Sea.

Sashen fasalin

A wannan bangare na nahiyar yake da gabas Afirka Rift. Wannan Meridian daidaitacce tsarin laifinsu a cikin ɓawon burodi. Rift kafa a karshe biyu yanayi dazamani - a cikin Cenozoic da Mesozoic. Ta hanyar wannan yanki gudanar da Habasha Rift reshe. Habasha tsaunuka da kwaruruka nesa kawai intersects wannan gabashin reshe. Sa'an nan kuma ya ke da kudu da kuma gudanar da ta hanyar da gabashin Afrika Plateau.

sauyin yanayi

A yanayin damina da yankin ne musamman da kuma contrasting. A cikin tsaunuka na kasar Habasha da Somalia Filato ruwan sama da kuma danshi kawo India monsoon, amma mafi yawansu suna intercepted ta gangara daga cikin tsaunuka. Ina shekara-shekara ruwan sama ya wuce 1,000 mm. A cikin kwaruruka, da a kan Somali sashin ruwan sama sau hudu mafi low - 250 mm / shekara.

A kalla adadin ruwan sama ya auku a yankunan da gundumar, a matsayin nesa ciki, yankin tsakanin tsaunuka da kuma plateaus Harar, kazalika a kan iyakar Gulf na Aden da kuma Red Sea. Saboda haka, misali, a kan gaba na faduwa game da 125 mm na ruwan sama da shekara, wanda kusan Halicci real bari yanayi.

A general, tsaunuka na kasar Habasha da Somalia Filato halin high yanayin zafi. Average zazzabi yankin har zuwa a kalla 20 ⁰ C, da kuma matsakaicin bazara ya kai 50 ⁰ C.

A daidai wannan lokaci, tare da kara tsawo da zazzabi yanayi bambanta. Sama da rabin kilomita wata-wata da yanayin zafi ne 15-20 ⁰ C. da dare hunturu da zazzabi wani lokacin saukar da zuwa -5 ⁰ C. sama alama 2,5 km - More mai sanyaya. Average yanayin zafi ne riga nan kada ku ƙẽtare 16 ⁰ C, da kuma a cikin hunturu akwai dogon isa da kuma mai tsanani frosts.

kogi

Habasha tsaunuka halitta yawa m ruwa na gudãna da zurfin kogin kwari. Alal misali, a arewacin ne Blue Nile, a kudu - Omo.

Blue Nile, wanda kuma aka sani da ABBA, shi ne a dama tributary na Nile. Its tsawon shi ne 1.6 dubu. Km. A tushen kogin ya fara a Lake Tana a wata tsawo na 1,83 km. Ba da nisa daga bakinka shi ne hydroelectric. A kasar Habasha, an yi imani da cewa Blue Nile - alfarma kogin, yana da asali a cikin lambu, saboda haka cikin gida yawan kawo ta kyauta.

Omo River gudana daga cibiyar da Habasha tsaunuka, gudana yafi zuwa kudu. A duwãtsu, kunkuntar hanya a cikin ƙananan kai na ta fadin ƙaruwa. A kogin gado da aka located a kan wani karkata saurãrẽ zuwa gareshi, da yawa sashen kogin. A kalla matakin na kogin - a lokacin rani, lokacin da ruwa sama sosai. Gwamnatin kasar Habasha shirin gina wani hydroelectric iko tashar a tafki, wanda zai samar da wutar lantarki ga Addis Ababa.

Har ila yau ban sha'awa Juba kogin, sunã gudãna daga Harar Plateau. Yana gudana a fadin Somali sashin, sunã gudãna a cikin tekun Indiya. Tsawon 1.6 dubu. Km. Duk da cewa da kogin gudana ta hanyar da m yankunan, da iko ne a asalin haka m cewa shi retains deepness duk tare.

ciyayi

Habasha tsaunuka na da pronounced high-tsawo zone. Ƙananan part gangara tsunduma tare da wurare masu zafi da gandun daji da hankula wakilan kamar daji ayaba, dabino, roba-inabõbi, da sauransu. A busassun wuraren - gallery gandun daji, da kuma a kan watersheds - kira (shrubs, xerophytic gandun daji).

Higher fiye da 1.7 km rufe da gandun daji tsaunuka na kasar Habasha. Ina yankin, mun riga samu. Local mutane kira shi "yaki-Degas". Tun da farko girma a nan boled itatuwan al'ul m sare. A mafi kyau kiyaye treelike euphorbia, Juniper, itacen laima. A wasu wurare da gandun daji suna maye gurbinsu da savannas. Wannan bel gida tsaunuka kofi itace. Yana gida mafi girma da wani ɓangare na yawan jama'a.

Sama 2.4 km upland ciyayi kunshi yafi ciyawa, da makiyaya a nan shirya da sha'ir amfanin gona.

A ciki na sashin da aka rufe Savannah, kuma m nesa da kuma tekun wakilci m da semiarid.

dabba duniya

Habasha tsaunuka yana da wani sosai bambancin fauna. A cikin ƙananan sashi na Plateau live giwaye (daya daga cikin 'yan Afirka mazauninsu waje yanayi reserves da kasa Parks), dorina da hippos, warthogs. Afirka biyu-horned dorinu aka wakilta iri biyu - da fari da baki. Afirka fari karkanda ya kai wani hudu-mita dari, shi ne mafi girma jinsunan dorinu, shi wanzu ne kawai a kare yankunan.

Hippos da daji aladu rayayye halaka saboda nama da kuma fata. Halaka saboda hauren giwa da kuma na Afirka giwa. Duk da cewa farauta su da aka haramta, ba a daina yawa mafarauta.

Habasha tsaunuka lugar da suka hada da babban Cats, zakoki rayuwa a nan, kuma (yafi) leopards. A yankin yana da yawa ungulates: irin gada, bauna, barewa, oryx. Daga cikin barewa, wanda ya kai fiye da arba'in nau'in za a iya bambanta wildebeest, Kudu, Dwarf barewa.

A temperate gandun daji na zaune mai yawa birai - gelada, gverets, hamadryad, da dai sauransu Habasha tsaunuka yana da bambancin jinsi abun da ke ciki na tsuntsaye ... Akwai kuri'a aku Turaco, storks, cranes, shaho, gaggafa. A savannas, Semi-Hamada da kuma hamadar sanaki Jiminai, zebras, rakumin dawa.