Kasa latitud daga cikin abu. Ta yaya domin sanin latitud

Da ikon zuwa "karanta" taswirar - mai ban sha'awa da kuma amfani motsa jiki. Yau, idan da taimakon m na'urorin fasahar na iya kusan ziyarci wani kusurwa na duniya, da hurumin irin wannan basira ne sosai rare. Kasa latitud karatu a makaranta manhaja, amma ba tare da m yi ba zai iya ƙarfafa cikin msar tambayar ilmi tsiwirwirinsu, a cikin general ilimi da darussa. Taswirar basira ci gaba ba wai kawai na sarari tunani da kuma hasashen, amma kuma wani muhimmanci dalilin yawa hadaddun tarbiyya. Wa anda suke so su saya a sana'a navigator, surveyor, m da kuma soja kawai bukatar sani da ka'idodi na aiki tare da taswirori da tsare-tsaren. Tabbatar da dalilin da Gwargwadon latitud - wani m fasaha da cewa ya kamata mallaka na ainihi lover of tafiya da kuma koya mutum.

duniya

Kafin a ci gaba da algorithm kayyade yanayin canji, dole ne ka koyi game da duniya da kuma taswirar. Domin shi ne a kan su, kuma zai yi ku koyar da basira. Globe - shi ne wani karami model na mu Earth, da farfajiya a kan wanda shi ne wanda aka nuna. Marubucin na da sosai farko model dauke M. Martin Behaim - mahaliccin sanannen "Earth apple" a cikin 15th karni. A tarihin ci gaban da ilmi map yana da bayanai game da wasu shahararrun Duniyoyi.

• Multitouch. Wannan m model - wani zamani da sabuwar dabara, wanda ba ka damar su "tafi" ko ina a duniya ba tare da jawabin da yawa lokaci da kuma kokarin!
• Samaniya. Wannan duniya ya nuna wurin da cosmic haske - madubi. Bayan duk lokacin da muka sha'awan da kyau dare sama, mun kasance "cikin" Dome, da kuma duniya suna tilasta su duba waje!
• Daya daga cikin haraji - Sh.Missine - kiyaye Globe North America, sassaka daga jimina qwai. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin farko maps of nahiyar.

A cikin duniya, za ka iya daidai ƙayyade da latitud, saboda a kan shi da kalla murdiya. Amma wajibi ne a yi amfani da musamman m line for mafi aminci.

katin

Globe ba sosai dace don daukar tare da ku a kan tafiya, haka ma, shi ya zama m, da karami da size da shi. Kuma a kan lokaci, mutane suka fara yin amfani da katin. Ta, ba shakka, yana da mafi kurakurai, kamar yadda takardar da takarda ne mai wuya a dogara dace da convex siffar na Duniya, amma mafi m da sauki don amfani. Maps da dama sukayi fassara, amma za mu mayar da hankali a kan su bambance-bambance a ikon yinsa, tun da shi ne da saye da basira su gane tsarawa.

• Manyan-sikelin. Don haka ya kira jawo tare da sikelin (M) 1: 100 000 zuwa 1:10 000. Idan katin yana da wani sikelin na 1: 5000 kuma ya fi girma, shi ne riga kira up.
• Mesoscale. Don haka ya kira zane duniya ta surface, wanda da MW na daga 1: 1 000 000 zuwa 1: 200 000.
• Kananan-sikelin. Yana zane da 1: 1 000 000 da kuma kasa, misali - MM 1: 2 000 000 1:50 000 000 da sauransu.

A manyan sikelin-taswirar tsare ta latitud mafi sauƙi, kamar yadda aka amfani da hoton a more daki-daki. Wannan na faruwa saboda digiri layin aka shirya a takaice nesa.

yanayin latitud

Don haka ya kira sifili kwana tsakanin layi daya kuma a tsaye line a iyakancen lokaci. A sakamakon darajar iya zama a cikin kewayon 90 digiri. Yana da muhimmanci mu tuna cewa Duniya ekweita raba kudanci da arewacin yammancin duniya. Saboda haka da fāɗin duk maki na Duniya, wanda aka located sama mafi tsawo da daidaici zai zama arewa, da kuma kasa - kudu. Ta yaya domin sanin latitud na wani abu? Wajibi ne a duba a hankali abin da shi ne a layi daya. Idan an ba da alama, kana bukatar ka gane abin da yake da nisa tsakanin m Lines domin sanin mataki na bukata a layi daya.

yanayin longitude

Wannan ne kwana tsakanin Meridian jirgin sama na musamman nufi a cikin ƙasa, kuma sifili Meridian, wanda yana da sunan Greenwich. Duk abubuwa a dama da shi, ana daukarsu a gabashin, da kuma bar - da kasashen yammacin. Longitude nuna so abu ne located a kan abin da Meridian. Idan aka ayyana batu ba a nuna a kan Meridian a kan taswira, sa'an nan muka ci gaba a cikin wannan hanya kamar yadda a cikin hali na kayyade dole daidaici.

Gwargwadon adireshin

Shi ne samuwa ga wani abu a duniya. A mahada da meridians da daidaici a kan taswira ko a duniya ya kira tashar wutar lantarki (digiri), a kan abin da suka yi niyya lura na so batu. Sanin su, ba za ka iya kawai sanin inda abu ne dake, amma kuma a danganta halin da ake ciki tare da wasu. Mallakan The Gwargwadon adireshin da wani batu, yana yiwuwa su yadda ya kamata amfani da iyaka a cikin yankunan da kwane-kwane maps.

Biyar manyan latitudes

A wani taswira Highlights da babban daidaici cewa sauƙaƙe tabbatar da dalilin da tsarawa. Areas wanda ake dake tsakanin babban latitudinal Lines, dangane da wuri, za a iya kunshe a cikin wadannan yankunan: iyakacin duniya yankin, tropics, da Equatorial da temperate.

• Mazauna - shi ne mafi tsawo a layi daya. A tsawon Lines located sama ko a kasa da shi, zama karami zuwa ga dogayen sanda. Mene ne latitud na ekweita? Daidai ne a 0 digiri, kamar yadda aka gani a reference nufi a layi daya zuwa kudu da arewa. Yankin ƙasar da ake located daga ekweita da yammacin sahara, da ake kira da Equatorial yankin.

• Arewa Tropic - babban layi daya, wanda aka yaushe alama a kan duniya taswirar Duniya. An located a 23 digiri 26 minutes da kuma 16 seconds arewa na ekweita. Wani suna na wannan layi daya - Tropic of Cancer.
• Tropic of Capricorn - layi daya, wanda aka located a 23 digiri 26 minutes da kuma 16 seconds kudu na ekweita. Shi ma yana da wani biyu sunan - da Tropic of Capricorn. Yankin ƙasar da ake dake tsakanin wadannan Lines da ekweita, da aka sani da wurare masu zafi da yankuna.
• A Arctic da'irar located sama ekweita a 66 darajõji, 33 minutes da kuma 44 seconds. Yana takaita ƙasa ga wanda qara a lokacin dare, kusa da iyakacin duniya, ya kai gare shi kwanaki 40.

• Antarctic Circle. Its latitud ne daidai da 66 digiri, 33 minutes da kuma 44 seconds. Wannan layi daya ne kuma mai iyaka, bayan da akwai irin mamaki a matsayin iyakacin duniya a dare da rana. Yankin ƙasar da ake dake tsakanin wadannan Lines da na Arewacin, kira temperate yankunan, da kuma a bãyansu - iyakacin duniya.