Tekun Indiya

Na uku mafi girma a duniya yana dauke da tekun Indiya. Its nisa (tsakanin Kudu da Australia da kuma Afirka ta Kudu), game da goma kilomita dubu. A yankin na tekun Indiya - 73.556.000 murabba'in kilomita (tare da Persian Gulf da Red Sea).

Islands a ruwan gwada kadan. The most ne: Sri Lanka, da Madagascar, Socotra. Akwai ma volcanic tsibirin kamar yadda Prince Edward, Mascarene, Crozet da sauransu. A cikin volcanic Cones a wurare masu zafi latitudes suna located da murjani tsibirin na Chagos, Laccadives, Maldives, Cocos, da sauransu.

The Indian Ocean ne mai arziki a cikin ma'adanai. Saboda haka, a kan shelves gano iskar gas da kuma man fetur adibas (musamman a cikin Persian Gulf), monazite Sands (a cikin jihar bakin teku a yankin kudu maso yammacin India), a cikin adibas na dutse - zinariya, phosphates, tin tama. A sabani zones samu tama chromium, manganese, da baƙin ƙarfe, da jan karfe, da sauransu. Concretions manyan adibas samu a yawa daruna.

Indian Ocean, located gaba ɗaya a gabashin yammancin duniya. A cikin West, Afirka ne a arewa - Eurasia a gabas - Australia da kuma Sunda Islands, a cikin ta Kudu - Antarctica. A kudu maso yammacin tekun Indiya, fadi da isa sanar da Atlantic, kudu-maso-gabas - zuwa Pacific.

kasa topography ne hadaddun kuma bambancin. A kasa na tekun Indiya rarrabe tsakanin Yanã ɗaukar tsarin na tsakiyar teku ridges. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a kudu-maso-gabas da kuma arewa-maso-yammacin. Jeri bambanta a gaban mai gangara zunubanku, kuma fadace fadace, seismicity, volcanism karkashin ruwa. A manyan yawan zurfin-ruwa daruna dake tsakanin ridges. Shiryayye ba daban-daban manyan nisa, amma ta size ne muhimmi a cikin Asian ƙasar.

A babba ɓangare na tekun Indiya ya ta'allaka ne a subequatorial, da Equatorial kuma wurare masu zafi da zones. Its kudancin rabo ne dake a cikin high latitudes da sub-Antarctic. Babban siffa daga cikin sauyin yanayi a cikin ruwa dauke malale - yanayi iska. A wannan batun, a cikin tekun Indiya ne kawai biyu yanayi - a shiru, dumi da kuma rana da kuma hadari winters, zafi, ruwa da kuma m rani. Daga 10º S. w. zuwa kudu aka mamaye kudu maso gabashin cinikin iskõki. Domin da temperate latitudes shi ne halin da wani kwari da kuma iska mai karfi daga yamma. A Equatorial bel ne halin da wani gagarumin adadin hazo - game da dubu uku millimeters a kowace shekara. A cikin Persian Gulf da Bahar Maliya, da kashe bakin tekun na Arabia, a akasin haka, sosai kadan hazo.

Igiyoyin da tekun Indiya a yankin arewacin an rinjayi da canji na monsoon, ƙulla da tsarin gudana tare da yanayi. Kamar wancan kafa ceton monsoon (daga yamma zuwa gabas) da kuma hunturu (a baya). Domin kudancin halayyar ta Kudu Equatorial halin yanzu da kuma West Wind gantali.

A talakawan ruwa surface zafin jiki ne game da goma sha bakwai digiri. Wannan gwada da low sanyaya kudi hade tare da daukan hotuna Antarctic ruwaye. A arewacin teku warms har quite da kyau. Tun da babu wani inflow na sanyi, shi ne warmest part. A Gulf bazara ruwa yanayin zafi na iya tashi zuwa 34 digiri. Domin kudancin yammancin duniya halin da hankali karu a zazzabi da kara latitud.

Organic duniya a tekun Indiya sun fi mayar kama Pacific kwayoyin duniya. An halin da dama nau'in kifi abun da ke ciki. Alal misali, a arewacin ne mai arziki da anchovies, sardines, tuna, mackerel. Ga za ka iya samun sharks, tashi kifi , da sauransu. Kudancin tekun Indiya zaune nototheniids, fari a hankali kifi. Ga za ka iya samun pinnipeds da cetaceans. Musamman arziki a cikin kwayoyin duniya na murjani tsibiran da kuma nahiyar shiryayye.