Girman kwanyar jijiyoyi, da sabawa tasowa daga cuta

A juyayi tsarin hada kwakwalwa da kuma laka, mikawa daga jijiyoyi da su ramifications. All jijiya reshe haɗa da na gefe m tsarin. Akwai 12 nau'i-nau'i daga girman kwanyar jijiyoyi da kashin baya 31 nau'i-nau'i. Kowane biyu na da sunan da lambar, wanda aka denoted da wani Roman adadi. Girman kwanyar jijiyoyi suna located in da tushe daga cikin kwakwalwa. A cikin abun da ke ciki na jijiya zaruruwa, saki uku ayyuka: motor, azanci shine da kuma gauraye.

M girman kwanyar jijiyoyi suna kafa daga zaruruwa na neurons cewa karya waje kwakwalwa. Wadannan sun hada da olfactory, na gani da auditory jijiyoyi. Sun bayar da vestibular aiki, ji, gani da kuma wari. A farko biyu tana farawa daga jijiya Kwayoyin, wanda ake located in hanci mucosa. Tare da shan kashi na wannan jijiya, akwai cikakken asarar da ikon sansana. The biyu biyu - yana da na gani jijiya, wanda fãra a retinal Kwayoyin. Ya atrophy take kaiwa zuwa wani kaifi karu a gani acuity, da kuma wani lokacin cikakken makanta. Na takwas biyu daga auditory jijiyoyi alhakin ji da aiki na vestibular na'ura. A hali na take hakkin aikinsa akwai dizziness, ji hasara, ataxia, vestibular tabarbarewa.

Motor aiki kunshi biyar nau'i-nau'i daga jijiyoyi. Bã su da asalin a kara motor nuclei. The uku, hudu kuma na shida biyu daga jijiyoyi hade tare da na'urar da ido motsi. Oculomotor jijiya - wannan shi ne na uku biyu. An kafa ta zaruruwa, fara daga irin tsakiya. Parasympathetic zaruruwa dauke a cikin jijiyoyi da cewa samar da tsokoki na ido. Shafi girman kwanyar jijiyoyi III ne halin da biyu daga cikin manya fatar ido ptosis, bamban squint da mydriasis. Idan rinjayar da jijiya block IV a hangen nesa da ya lura biyu abubuwa. Lokacin da ra'ayin da aka saukar da saukar, ya nuna kadan giciye-sa ido. Idan disrupted da ayyukan VI abducens, ya canjãwa da motsi na da eyeball fita, wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani convergent squint da biyu hangen nesa.

A fuska jijiya (VII) iko da fuska tsokoki. Bugu da ƙari, shi ya ƙunshi zaruruwa, kuma yana da wani dandano ƙwarai autonomic zaruruwa, wanda tsara da aiki na salivary da lacrimal gland. Secondary XI jijiya shirya ayyuka na wasu iri tsoka. Tare da kaye bayyana paresis ko inna daga cikin tsokoki. Karshe, da hypoglossal jijiya XII dangantawa da tsokoki na harshe. A hali na take hakkin wannan jijiya aiki lura motsi gaba harshen ƙuntatawa da kuma ta sabawa a shafa gefe. Bayyana tsoka atrophy, zafi na harshe, fibrillar twitching.

Mixed aiki girman kwanyar jijiyoyi aiki V, IX, kuma X nau'i-nau'i. Biyar, da trigeminal jijiya iko da taban da ake tsokoki da kuma samar da ji na ƙwarai daga mutum. Glossopharyngeal (IX) jijiya ne ke da alhakin salivating dandano da ga jihar da makogwaro da kuma harshe. Vagus (X) jijiya samar da ýan raya rabo daga cikin baka rami, maƙogwaro da pharynx. Shi ne da alhakin aiki na tsokoki. Girman kwanyar jijiyoyi X parasympathetic nau'i-nau'i samar da dangantakar ciki gabobin.

Idan rinjayar da trigeminal jijiya, akwai mai kaifi zafi hare-hare na neuralgic hali a cikin dacewa yankunan da fuska. Suna tare da redness da tearing. A Pathology IX biyu ji zafi a cikin makogwaro, akwai wani? Unci a cikin hadiya, gani dandano cuta, gaji da damuwa da salivation. Tare da shan kashi na vagus jijiya akwai sabawa a cikin kayan ciki. Tare da hadin raunuka lura hadiya cuta, hanci sautin murya, zafi a cikin auricle. Irin wannan take hakki aka yaushe tare da m hangen nesa.